1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 37 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 The physicist investigating the relationship between time and space, the chemist exploring the properties of a new substance , the biologist probing the mysteries of the continuity of life, and the anthropologist(人类学家)searching for human origins share a common trait(特征), curiosity.
3、Not that non-scientists are not curious; most people possess this characteristic. The scientist, however, uses a specific method to make researches into these enigmatic problemsthe scientific method.Unfortunately, science and its method are misunderstood. The multiplication of our knowledge in medic
4、ine and technology has led to the idea that science can cure all and explain all and that only enough time, money and intelligence are needed. In truth, science cannot provide all answers. In fact, many phenomena are not even subject to scientific explanations.On the other side of the coin, science
5、has been attacked as a cause of most contemporary problems. It is said to be responsible for the depersonalization(使失去个性)of the individual, for stripping(夺去)creativity from human behavior, and for creating massive threats to the species through the development of nuclear power, insecticides, and pol
6、luting machinery. If we analyze the situation we can see that it was not the original intent of the people who developed computers to debase humankind, nor was mass production proposed as a method to crush creativity. It is what society, policymakers especially, does with scientific achievements tha
7、t makes them social or antisocial . There is nothing inherently good or bad about science.1 Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?（A）Scientists and their curiosity.（B） Science and scientific method.（C） Understandings of science.（D）Misunderstandings of science.2 The last sentence of
8、 Para. 2 could be explained as which of the following?（A）Many phenomena can be subjects of scientific explanations.（B） Many phenomena can find answers in scientific explanations.（C） Scientific explanations cannot provide answers to many phenomena.（D）Scientific explanations are not related to many ph
9、enomena.3 The expression “to debase humankind“ in Para. 3 could be explained as_.（A）to provide base to humankind（B） to reduce the value of humankind（C） to get rid of humankind（D）to compete with humankind4 According to the last paragraph, which of the following will be accepted by the author?（A）Scien
10、ce is the cause of modern problems.（B） Science itself is neither good nor bad.（C） Science leads to environmental pollution.（D）Science causes many antisocial acts.5 In the expression “On the other side of the coin“ in Para. 3 “the coin“ is used to refer to_.（A）the misunderstanding science（B） the scie
11、ntific explanation（C） the money needed in scientific research（D）the curiosity of scientists and non-scientists5 There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arise
12、s from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, and the
13、fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn
14、 of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied.The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convi
15、nced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit.Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend
16、 many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will an
17、yone speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them. These people should change this bad habit. If they do not , it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them.6 People who are to be unhappy_.（A）always consider things d
18、ifferently from others（B） are usually influenced by the results of certain things（C） can discover the unpleasant part of certain things（D）usually have a fault-finding habit7 When those unhappy people meet others, they will_.（A）have a good taste of the pleasures of society（B） feel depressed about the
19、 pleasures of society（C） be happy with the pleasures of society（D）enjoy the pleasures of society8 According to the passage, it can be safely said that_.（A）if they realize the harmfulness of their habits the unhappy people may get rid of it（B） if people are in misery, they will be critical about ever
20、ything（C） we should not pity these unhappy people for their self-criticism（D）these unhappy people are not content with anything they have9 “And scarcely that“in the last paragraph means_.（A）just like that（B） almost not like that（C） more than that（D）not at all like that10 If such unhappy persons dont
21、 change their bad behavior, the authors suggests that people_.（A）avoid contacting with them（B） criticize their misconduct（C） help them recognize its bad effects（D）show no respect and politeness to them10 Suppose we built a robot(机器人)to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detect
22、ors to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to cease its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the
23、 next morning.According to the evolutionary theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those fu
24、nctions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at
25、 all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.The evolutionary theory accounts well for differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can a
26、fford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, be
27、cause their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.11 The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us_.（A）the difference between robots and men（B） the reason why men need to sleep（C） about the need for robots to save power（D）about the danger of men work
28、ing at night12 Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him _.（A）maintain a regular pattern of life（B） prevent trouble that comes looking for him（C） avoid danger and inefficient labor -（D）restore his bodily functions13 According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we _.（A）
29、are worrying about our safety（B） are overworked（C） are in a tent（D）are away from home14 Cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats_.（A）need more time for restoration（B） are unlikely to be attacked（C） are more active than horses when they are awake（D）spend less time eating to get enough
30、energy15 Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?（A）Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking.（B） The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory.（C） Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robo
31、ts.（D）The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.15 “Congratulations, Mr. Jones, its a girl.Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while ot
32、hers worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to
33、children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy(怀孕)was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, fe
34、w attempts have been made to educate fathers in this re-socialization process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of a father.It is argued by some writers that the transition to the father s role, although difficult, is
35、not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother s role. The mother s role seems to require a complete transformation in daily routine and highly innovative adaptation , on the other hand, the father s role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the
36、fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the bread-winner in the household.16 According to the author, being a father_.（A）brings a feeling of excitement to some men（B） has a different meaning for those who have daughters（C） makes some me
37、n feel proud and others uneasy（D）means nothing but more responsibilities17 It is stated in the passage that_.（A）some parents are not prepared to have a child（B） young couples do not like children at all（C） working couples do not have much time to take care of their children（D）many parents look forwa
38、rd to having a boy as their first child18 In the second paragraph, the author_.（A）criticizes fathers for not taking enough responsibilities in bringing up their children（B） excuses the American writers for ignoring the difficulties of being a father（C） supports the idea that the chief role of a fath
39、er is to earn money for the family（D）complains about the lack of social programs to help husbands adjust themselves to being a father19 The transition to the mother s role requires that the wife _.（A）change her life style in a highly innovative way（B） make a complete change in her everyday life to d
40、eal with the new situation（C） stay at home to take care of the baby（D）help her husband in his re-socialization process20 Some writers argue that with respect to the change of roles, fathers, compared with mothers, _.（A）have to shoulder more burdens（B） have to make more difficult adaptations（C） have
41、an easier job to do（D）can usually do a better job专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 37 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your ans
42、wer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据文章第二段中“Unfortunately，science and its method are misunderstood”，故选 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据文章第二段最后一句“In truth，science cannot provide all answersIn fact，manyphenomena are not even subject to scientific
43、explanations，”可知 C 项句子与其相对应，故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据文章第三段中“If we analyze thesituation we can see that it was not the originalintent of the people who developed computers todebase humankind，nor was mass productionproposed as a method to crush creativity”，其中 debase 意为“降低的价值；败坏的名誉 ”。可知 B 为正确
44、答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据文章最后一句话“It is whatsociety，policymakers especially，does withscientific achievements that makes them social orantisocialThere is nothing inherently good or badabout science”，可知 B 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据“on the other side of the coin”上下文可知，讲的是科学的另一方面(不好的方面)
45、 ，可知 A 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 由题干关键词 unhappy 定位到第二段第三句 Those who are to be unhappy think andspeak only of the contrary things可知，不快乐的人的表现是，他们总是看到或关注事物的负面，爱挑毛病。因此选项 D 与文意相符。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由题干关键词 unhappy，定位到文章第二段第三句。通过本段接下来对不快乐的人的描述可知，他们会使原本愉快的社交活动变得不愉快。因此，选项 B 符合文意。【
46、知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据文章第三段第三句 The habit maybe strong，but it may be cured when those whohave it are convinced of its bad effects on theirinterests and tastes可知，当有这种习惯的人认识到这种态度给他们带来的不良影响时，他们也许会改掉这种毛病。【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 scarcely 表示 “几乎不是，几乎没有 ”或是“几乎还没”的意思，只有否定意义。因此，选项中只有 B 符合文意。【知识模块】
47、阅读理解10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由题干关键词 change 和 bad behavior 定位到全文最后两句 These people shouldchange this bad habitIf they do notit will begood for others to avoid any contact with them可知，作者建议人们对这样的人最好采取回避的态度。题干中的 bad behavior 是文中 bad habit 的转述。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解11 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 通过阅读文章可知作者通过引用机器人探索太空的例子来说明机器
48、人也需要休息来进行能量补充，从而引出下面的话题，说明人类为什么需要睡眠，故选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解12 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据文章第二段中：The theory does notdeny that sleep provides some important restorativefunctions It merely says that evolution hasprogrammed us to perform those functions at a timewhen activity would be inefficient and possiblydangerous，可
49、知人们在夜间休息主要是因为晚间活动效率低下，而且可能很危险。故 C 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解13 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章第二段最后一句指出在一个熟悉、安全的地方我们能够睡得很好，但当担心会有野熊袭击时就会睡得很轻，即当我们担心安全问题时就会睡不好。故选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解14 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据文章第三段中 But cats can affordto have long periods of inactivity because theyspend little time eating and are unlikely to beattacked while they sleepHorses must spendalmost all their waking hours eating，because whatthey eat is very low in energy value，可知 D 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解15 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 通过理解全文可知文章主要讲了进化论使所有生物都有一个固定的休息
