1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 57 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and using of bricks. There were several practical reasons why bricks became important to the colony. Although the forests could initially supply sufficient ti
3、mber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult, particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been depleted, wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone were also in short supply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitable that th
4、e colonists would turn to brick-making.In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also an ideological reason. Brick represented durability and permanence. The Virginia Company of London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and new reside
5、nces out of brick. In 1662, the Town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and prohibited the use of wood as a construction material. Had this law ever been successfully enforced, Jamestown would have been a model city. Instead, the residents failed
6、 to comply fully with the law. By 1699, Jamestown had collapsed into a pile of rubble with only three or four habitable houses.1 What is the subject of this passage?（A）The reasons for brick-making in Jamestown.（B） The cause of the failure of Jamestown.（C） The laws of the Virginia colonists.（D）The pr
7、oblems of the early American colonies.2 Which of the following was NOT a reason for using bricks in construction?（A）Wood had to be brought from some distance.（B） There was considerable clay available.（C） The lumbering process depended on good roads.（D）The timber was not of good quality.3 It can be i
8、nferred from the passage that Jamestown was established on_.（A）a rocky peninsula with a small forest area（B） a barren peninsula near other towns（C） an uninhabitable peninsula with few natural resources（D）a wooded peninsula with clay soil4 It can be inferred that the Virginia Assembly, by passing a l
9、aw regarding building construction, hoped to_.（A）increase the manufacture of bricks（B） prevent the destruction of trees in the area of Jamestown（C） establish a city that would be an example for the future（D）discourage people from settling in Jamestown5 According to the passage, what eventually happe
10、ned to Jamestown?（A）It was practically destroyed.（B） It became a model city.（C） It remained the seat of government.（D）It was almost completed.5 In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (饮料) containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and
11、glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it would be buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场) . The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there w
12、ere too few uses for second hand plastic.Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc.As
13、 the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second lifeand until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate ma
14、rkets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to took more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is
15、already the least expensive waste management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $ 100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and en
16、ergy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.6 What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?（A）Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.（B） Throwaways should be
17、 collected by the state for recycling.（C） A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.（D）Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.7 The returned plastic bottles in New York used to_.（A）end up somewhere underground（B） be turned into ra
18、w materials（C） have a second life value（D）be separated from other rubbish8 The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is_.（A）to sell them at a profitable price（B） how to turn them into useful things（C） how to reduce their recycling costs（D）to lower the prices for used mater
19、ials9 Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because_.（A）local governments find it easy to manage（B） recycling has great appeal for the jobless（C） recycling causes little pollution（D）other methods are more expensive10 It can be concluded from the passage that_.（A）rubbish i
20、s a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials（B） local governments in the U. S. can expect big profits from recycling（C） recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally（D）landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal10 Not all memories are sweet. Some people sp
21、end all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares (噩梦).Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget b
22、ad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase (抹去), the effect of painful memories.In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories
23、 in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or t
24、reat soldiers troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.“Some memories can ruin peoples lives. They come back to you when you dont want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions,“ said Roger Pitman,
25、 a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. “This could relieve a lot of that suffering.“But those who are against the research say that it is very dangerous to change memories because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.“All of us can t
26、hink of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. Im not sure we want to wipe those memories out,“ said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.11 The passage is mainly about_.（A）a new medical invention（B） a new research on memories（C） a way of erasing painful memori
27、es（D）an argument about the research on the pill12 The drug tested on people can_.（A）cause the brain to fix memories（B） stop people remembering their experiences（C） prevent body producing certain chemicals（D）wipe out the emotional effects of memories13 We can infer from the passage that_.（A）people do
28、ubt the effects of the pills（B） the pill will stop peoples bad experiences（C） taking the pill will do harm to peoples health（D）the pill has probably been produced in America14 Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with?（A）Some memories can ruin peoples lives.（B） People want to get rid of
29、 bad memories.（C） Experiencing bad events makes us different from others.（D）The pill will reduce peoples sufferings from bad memories.15 The word “scars“ in Paragraph One is close in meaning to_.（A）good stories（B） pains（C） experiences（D）memories15 BAGHDAD, IraqGunmen kidnapped a female American jour
30、nalist and killed her Iraqi translator Saturday, Jan. 7th, in western Baghdad, an Interior Ministry official said.Maj. Falah Mohamadawi said the translator told police before he died that the abduction took place when he and the journalist were heading to meet Adnan al-Dulaimi, head of the Sunni Ara
31、b Iraqi Accordance Front, in the Adel section of the city.The neighborhood is dominated by Sunni Arabs and considered one of the toughest in Baghdad.According to Samir Najim, a guard at al-Dulaimis office, three armed men intercepted (拦截) the journalists car and shot the translator before taking her
32、 in their car and driving away. The kidnapping took place about 100 yards from al-Dulaimis office. Insurgents have kidnapped more than 250 foreigners in the past two years, aiming to force U. S. troops to leave Iraq or prevent Arab nations from strengthening their ties with the Baghdad government.So
33、me of the hostages were killed, while others were released after ransoms were paid or freed after Muslim clerics called the armed groups to release them.On Dec. 8, the Islamic Army in Iraq claimed to have killed U. S. electrician Ronald Schulz. Other groups are holding a French engineer and four Chr
34、istian humanitarian workers two Canadians, a Briton and an American.16 We can learn from the text that_.（A）the American journalist was kidnapped on the way to cover another abduction（B） the American journalists translator died as soon as he was struck（C） the police was told the abduction by a passer
35、-by（D）the abduction happened inside the city of Baghdad17 Why did the insurgents kidnap the American journalist?（A）Only to rob her of her money.（B） To rape her.（C） Only to take her hostage.（D）To make American troops out of Iraq.18 The underlined word “released“ in paragraph 5 means_.（A）set free（B） c
36、aused to move freely（C） made known（D）given up19 We can infer from the passage that_.（A）the French engineer must have done something to do with the American journalist（B） the French engineer mentioned in the passage must have done something bad to Iraq（C） France probably has something to do with the
37、US troops stationed in Iraq（D）the French engineer mentioned in the passage must be a spy20 What did the insurgents do with the hostages?（A）They killed the hostages all after they caught them.（B） They either got rid of them or freed them; it all depended.（C） They did nothing to the hostages; they onl
38、y used them to threaten the American troops.（D）They cared for the hostages very well just to use them to advise the American authorities to withdraw troops from Iraq.20 There are many factors which may have an influence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life.Nowadays, people are ve
39、ry busy. Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents. They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations.The busyness also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place to a
40、nother quickly.Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology. Computers, DVDs, CDs, television, PlayStations have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursuits. This has led to a more sedentary lifestyle.The media provide entertainment and information. Unfortu
41、nately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard (轰炸) their audience with “perfect“ body images, the need to buy the most fashionable clothes, the most up-t
42、o-date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do.Environments vary. We may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke. This can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties. Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a he
43、althy life.Perhaps the important factor influencing healthy lifestyles is motivation, or the desire to be healthy. Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthyif he/she is motivated enough!21 The passage is mainly about_.（A）benefits of a healthy life style（B） demands of daily lif
44、e（C） factors affecting a healthy lifestyle（D）a positive approach to healthy living22 The word “sedentary“ in Paragraph 4 probable means_.（A）having a lot of things to do（B） involving little exercise or physical activity（C） being isolated from the outside world（D）experiencing a lot of stress23 Which o
45、f the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor leading to the popularity of fast food?（A）Cheap price.（B） The media.（C） Busy lifestyle.（D）Convenience.24 Which is NOT listed as a factor influencing the ability to have a healthy lifestyle?（A）Pollution.（B） Economic factors.（C） Dependence up
46、on cars.（D）Influence of family or friends.25 According to the author, _may be the most important factor influencing healthy lifestyles.（A）technology（B） cultural background（C） environment（D）the desire to be healthy专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 57 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there ar
47、e four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 通读全文可知，作者主要从实用方面的原因(practical reasons)和思想观念方面
48、的原因(ideological reason) 阐述了为什么在 Jamestown 制砖并用砖来建筑房屋。因此 A 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 通读短文可知，D 项叙述并没有在原文中出现。原文只说 “伐木极为困难”(the process of lumbering extremely difficult)并没说“木材质量差”。故 D正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从文章第一段最后一句：“However，as clay was plentiful it was inevitable that the colonists wou
49、ld turn to brick-making”可知，Jamestown 多树而且泥土丰富，故选 D。A 不对，因为在 Jamestown 用砖建造房屋前，是用木料作为建筑材料的，可见森林面积不小，如果多岩石就不会出现石料短缺；B、C 项不正确是因为 Jamestown 所在半岛上有森林，因此不会是光秃秃的，也不可能没有自然资源；而且也不是个不能居住的地方。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章第二段中第五句：“Had this law even been successfully enforced，Jamestown would have been a model city”为虚拟语气，意思为：这项法律没有得到贯彻，所以 Jamestown 也就没有成为城市的典范。据此，可推断弗吉尼亚州议会通过这项法律的初衷是希望能把 Jamestown 建成一座未来城市的典范。故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据文章最后一句：“By 1699，Jame
