1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 7 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the
2、 Answer Sheet.1 The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. “In Europe,“ said Thomas Jefferson, “the object is
3、to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant. “ It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in the nineteenth century agricultural machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude(粗糙的
4、)plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been w
5、orking on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, would home none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869, James Oliver
6、of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.The word “here“(Para. 1 , Line 4)refers to_.（A）Europe（B） America（C） New Jersey（D）Indiana2 A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available.Some are already in use and have achieved brilliant
7、success. Others are in the stage of laboratory testing. Still others are little more than ideas in the minds of scientists, waiting for the opportunity to put them to the test. All have this in common; they are biological solutions, based on understanding of the living organisms they seek to control
8、, and of the whole structure of life to which these organisms belong. Specialists representing various areas of the vast field of biology are contributing, all pouring their knowledge and their creative inspirations into the formation of a new science of biological control. A century ago with the fi
9、rst attempts to introduce natural enemies of insects that were proving troublesome to farmers, the efforts sometimes moved slowly or not at all, but now and again gathered speed and momentum under the impetus of an outstanding success. Some of the most fascinating of the new methods are those that s
10、eek to turn the strength of a species against itselfto use the drive of an insect s life forces to destroy it. The most spectacular of these approaches is the “male sterilization“ technique developed by the chief of the U. S. Department of Agriculture s Entomology Research Branch, Dr. Knipling and h
11、is associates.About a quarter of a century ago Dr. Knipling startled his colleagues by proposing a unique method of insect control. If it were possible to sterilize(使绝育)and release large numbers of insects, he theorized, the sterilized males would, under certain conditions, compete with the normal w
12、ild males so successfully that, after repeated releases, only infertile(不生育的 )eggs would be produced and the population would die out.“Alternatives to the chemical control“(Line 1)means_.（A）other kinds of chemical control of insects（B） altered methods of the chemical control of insects（C） ways other
13、 than the chemical to control insects（D）choices of chemicals to control insects2 One day when the famous American scientist Addison was on his way home, a young man stopped him and required to have a word with him. Addison accepted his request.The young man asked, “How, Mr. Addison, can you invent s
14、o many things and achieve your fame?“ The scientist said, “It seems that you have been thinking of becoming famous every day. “ The young man nodded, “Yes, I have been dreaming of being a person as notable as you. Every minute I am thinking of how to become famous. I dont know when I can achieve my
15、fame. “ Addison told him, “Dont worry, young man. If you want to be a famous man this way, you will have to wait until you die!“ “Why should I ?“ the young man was puzzled.Addison said, “What you dreamed is actually a high building. You never think of how to build it with bricks. Thus the building w
16、ill never come into reality. However, your story can serve as a mirror. People will remember you because of your idleness and laziness. They will often speak of your name while they give warnings to their children. Arent you a notorious(声名狼藉的)person by then?“ The young man hung his head in shame.3 T
17、he young man asked Addison how to_.（A）invent new things（B） become famous（C） talk with him（D）become a scientist4 The young man was puzzled because Addison told him he would_.（A）die after he was famous（B） be famous before he died（C） die before he became famous（D）become well-known after he died5 The yo
18、ung man couldn t achieve his fame because_.（A）his aim was too high（B） he didnt work hard for it（C） he didnt meet Addison earlier（D）nobody advised him how to do5 Biomechanicsthe application of engineering principles to the motions of the human bodystands at the heart of much of the current work in tr
19、aining athletes. At the U. S. Olympic Committee Biomechanics Laboratory in Colorado Springs, experts use a computerized “force platform“ to measure both the magnitude(巨人)and direction of body forces as an athlete runs, lifts and throws. This information can tell an athlete such as a discus(铁饼)throwe
20、r whether he performs better when more weight is placed on the front or back foot.The U. S. Cycling Federation relies on biomechanical analysis to measure the force applied to pedals by cyclists. “We can tell if one leg is using more force than the other and how effective a rider s pedaling motion i
21、s, “ says Edmund Burke of the federation.Marathoner Tony Sandoval benefited from biomechanics in a different way. Troubled by tendinitis(腱炎)and unable to figure out the cause, he went to specialists who analyzed his running movements and found he was rotating his ankle excessively when landing and t
22、hus inflaming tendons. Additional analysis showed this occurred because his lower leg muscles, which should stabilize the ankle, were weak. He went on a muscles-strengthening program, and now everything is back to normal.6 The author develops the main idea by_.（A）comparing a cyclist to a marathoner（
23、B） explaining the principles of the computerized “force platform“（C） giving examples to show how the experts utilize biomechanics in training athletes（D）analyzing the results by engineering principles7 We can infer that_.（A）every marathoner would suffer from tendinitis（B） Edmund Burke was a famous c
24、yclist（C） an athlete can benefit from biomechanics（D）without biomechanics, American athletes cant make any progress7 On the surface, AIDS appears to have barely touched Asia so far, and the few cases reported involve mainly foreigners, female and male prostitutes(妓女)and imported blood. But complacen
25、cy could be a fatal error. Experts have no doubts that the reported cases represent only the tip of an epidemic iceberg; many more people are infected than cases reported, in part because the virus takes five to seven years from infection to develop into AIDS. Says Dr. Jonathan Mann, director of the
26、 Special Program on AIDS of the World Health Organization: “ AIDS is knocking on the door of Asia. “Yet because AIDS is occurring later in Asia than in other continents, Asians can benefit from the knowledge gained at a heavy price elsewhere: AIDS can be transmitted through heterosexual as well as h
27、omosexual contact and prevention through education is the keyindeed the onlydefense so far available. In the words of Dr. Mann, “the opportunity for protection of Asia against widespread dissemination of HIV“the AIDS virus“is obvious and may be vital to the future of the continent. “In contrast to A
28、sia, Africa had no warning at all when the disease began to appear there. Today, several million men, women and children may already be affected. Here is a Reader s Digest report on the African crisis, followed by detailed information on AIDS and how it can be prevented.8 It can be inferred from the
29、 passage that_.（A）nothing had been known of AIDS before it was found in Africa（B） Asians have suffered little as they all have good education（C） foreigners in Asia may be the most vulnerable to AIDS（D）other continents will fall victims of AIDS very soon9 It is obvious that the writer of the passage_
30、.（A）feels confident about eliminating AIDS in the near future（B） is rather concerned with the future of the Asian Continent（C） shows indifference to the situation in Africa（D）has doubts that education can be of any help in fighting against AIDS10 What will the report that follows the passage most li
31、kely discuss?（A）The critical situation throughout the world.（B） AIDS victims in some African countries.（C） The aim of the Special Program on AIDS.（D）Readers Digest and AIDS.专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 7 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed
32、 by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1 【正确答案】 B【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 C【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 B【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 D【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 B【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 C【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 C【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 A【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 B【知识模块】 阅读理解10 【正确答案】 B【知识模块】 阅读理解
