1、专升本（英语）模拟试卷 137 及答案与解析一、Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1 I cant _ to have a holiday abroad on my salary.（A）afford（B） consider（C） spen
2、d（D）spare 2 He has been _ of murdering his wife.（A）blamed（B） arrested（C） charged（D）accused 3 As soon as his party came into _ they changed the law.（A）force（B） power（C） strength（D）position 4 He doesnt work but he gets a good _ from his investment.（A）wage（B） income（C） earning（D）salary 5 I didnt know w
3、hat to do but then an idea suddenly _ to me.（A）occurred（B） entered（C） happened（D）rushed 6 Somehow she felt that she herself had to some _ been the cause of all this trouble.（A）extent（B） respect（C） manner（D）effect 7 I was so _ in my book that I didnt hear the door bell ring.（A）concentrated（B） absorbe
4、d（C） engaged（D）occupied 8 The main road through Littlebury was blocked for three hours today after an accident _ two lorries.（A）containing（B） connection（C） involving（D）combining 9 A _ from every person, no matter how small, will help the Red Cross reach the goal of $ 100,000.（A）contract（B） contribut
5、ion（C） concentration（D）construction 10 The best student in each class will _ a prize at the end of term.（A）award（B） possess（C） reward（D）receive 11 We decided to _ roses in the front garden.（A）grow（B） raise（C） breed（D）bloom 12 He does not _ his workmates and there are often disagreements between them
6、.（A）put up with（B） keep up with（C） go with（D）get well along with 13 The teacher asked him to _ his lateness for school.（A）account of（B） account on（C） account about（D）account for 14 It is said that the transport company will soon run _ petroleum.（A）over（B） down（C） off（D）out of 15 The question was so
7、unexpected that, for a moment, Arthur was _ a loss how to reply to it.（A）at（B） in（C） on（D）of 16 People always greet each other warmly, _ their different origins and briefs.（A）in regard to（B） in contrast with（C） with respect to（D）regardless of 17 When Edison died, it was proposed that the Americans _
8、 all power in their homes, streets and factories for several minutes in honor of this great man.（A）turn off（B） turned off（C） must turned off（D）would have turned off 18 Most environmental problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them _ taken in the past.（A）was not（B） were not being（C）
9、were not（D）being not 19 _ experiments on the laboratory, it started to rain heavily.（A）While performing（B） Performing（C） While I was performing（D）To perform 20 In the eighteenth century writers _ hours in coffee houses, discussing the news of the day.（A）used to spending（B） used to spend（C） would be
10、spending（D）were used to spend 21 They lost their way, _ delayed them considerably.（A）which（B） that（C） it（D）so 22 I advised them to withdraw _.（A）so as not get not involved（B） so as not to get involved（C） so as to not get involved（D）so not as to get involved 23 The selling price of that house and _ $
11、25,000.（A）many furniture are（B） some furniture is（C） the furniture is（D）many pieces of furniture are 24 _ absurd was his manner that everyone stared at him.（A）Too（B） Such（C） So（D）Much 25 The question arises as to _ should go out this morning in this below-zero weather to clean the snow from the entr
12、ance.（A）which（B） who（C） whom（D）those who 26 We have learnt a lot from the _.（A）three months training course（B） three-month training course（C） three-month-training course（D）three months training course 27 With all this work on hand, she _ to the dance party last night.（A）oughtnt to go（B） hadnt gone（C
13、） shouldnt have gone（D）mustnt have gone. 28 No sooner had Mrs. Tyler entered the kitchen _ a knock at the gate door.（A）did she hear（B） then she heard（C） when she heard（D）than she heard 29 I dont think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, _ you?（A）do（B） dont（C） didnt（D）did 30
14、It is high time that such a practice _ an end to.（A）is put（B） be put（C） was put（D）must be put 31 I have two boys but _ of them likes sweets.（A）both（B） either（C） none（D）neither 32 There is no point _ the piano, unless you practice every day.（A）to learn to play（B） by learning to play（C） of learning to
15、 play（D）in learning to play 33 Great efforts to increase wheat production must be made if bread shortages _ avoided.（A）will be（B） are to be（C） can be（D）were to be 34 Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still _.（A）a good place in which to live（B） a good place to live in（C） li
16、ved as a good place（D）living in as a good place 35 He is one of our customers who _ shirts starched.（A）like their（B） likes his（C） like his（D）likes their 二、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions.
17、Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.35 What we dont know or refuse to recognize is that modern man has been altering his total environment so swiftly and suddenly that the whole “great chain
18、of life“ on this planet is in danger.All of us live on a tiny spaceship carrying with it its own limited resources for survival.What we have now is all we will ever have to keep us alive.But man has been harming this system. He cannot help it. Everything we do alters our environment: the ways we gro
19、w food and build shelter and create what we call “culture“ and “civilization“.World population is growing at such a rate that by the year 2050 nearly seven billion people will live on the earth.Industrialization has added its own burden to the population pressure. The more we produce and consume, th
20、e more waste products we discharge into the air and water and land around us, where they do not disappear, but last forever in one form or another. Great progress is being made in the productivity of our soil, yet agriculture is now taking more nutrients (营养) from it than are being replaced each yea
21、r.“Ecology“, the study of the relationship between life systems and their environment, is what everybody on this planet must now start thinking about quickly if we are to avoid destructive changes within the closed system of our spaceship.36 It seems to the writer that _.（A）it is easy to do harm to
22、our environment（B） the planet on which man lives is too small for man to survive（C） man should not create his culture and civilization too rapidly（D）man does not want to admit the danger of what he has done to the environment 37 The sentence “He cannot help it“ (Para. 3, Line l) most probably means
23、“ _“.（A）man cannot avoid destroying the environment（B） man cannot obtain resources he needs from other planets（C） man cannot survive for a long time（D）man cannot help to create a new environment 38 According to the passage, the development of industry and agriculture seems _.（A）only a burden to the
24、human society（B） the result of the rapid growth of population（C） more harmful than beneficial（D）not likely to slow down 39 The word “it“ (Para. 4, the last sentence) refers to _.（A）great progress（B） agriculture（C） our soil（D）productivity 40 The writer advises us to think about ecology, because _.（A）
25、it enables us to survive in the closed system of a spaceship（B） it is a modern science that everybody has to learn（C） it can be learned quickly if we study it hard（D）it helps us to understand the relationship between living beings and the environment 40 What does a scientist do when he or she “expla
26、ins“ something? Scientific explanation comes in two forms: generalization and reduction. Most psychologists deal with generalization. They explain particular instances of behavior as examples of general laws. For instance most psychologists would explain a pathologically strong fear of dogs as an ex
27、ample of classical conditioning. Presumably, the person was frightened earlier in life by a dog. An unpleasant stimulus was paired with the sight of the animal (perhaps the person was knocked down by an exuberant dog) and the subsequent sight of dogs evokes the earlier response-fear.Most physiologis
28、ts deal with reduction. Phenomena are explained in terms of simpler phenomena. For example, the movement of a muscle is explained in terms of changes in the membrane of muscle cells, entry of particular chemicals, and interactions between protein molecules within these cells. A molecular biologist w
29、ould “explain“ these events in terms of forces that bind various molecules together and cause various parts of these molecules to be attracted to one another.Like other scientists, physiological psychologists believe that all natural phenomena-including human behavior-are subject to the laws of phys
30、ics. Thus, the laws of behavior can be reduced to descriptions of physiological processes.How does one study the physiology of behavior? Physiological psychologists cannot simply be reductionists. It is not enough to observe behaviors and correlate them with physiological events that occur at the sa
31、me time. Identical behaviors, under different conditions, may occur for different reasons, and thus be initiated by different physiological mechanisms. This means that we must understand “psychologically“ why a particular behavior occurs before we can understand what physiological events made it occ
32、ur.41 What does the passage mainly discuss?（A）The difference between “scientific“ and “unscientific“ explanations.（B） The difference between human and animal behavior.（C） How fear would be explained by the psychologist, physiologist, and molecular biologist.（D）How scientists differ in their approach
33、es to explaining natural phenomena. 42 In the first paragraph the word “deal“ could best be replaced by “ _“.（A）barter（B） bargain（C） are playing（D）are concerned 43 Which of the following is most clearly analogous to the example in the passage of the person who fears dogs?（A）A child chokes on a fishb
34、one and as an adolescent is reluctant to eat fish.（B） A person feels lonely and after a while buys a dog for companionship.（C） A child studies science in school and later grows up to become a teacher.（D）A person hears that a snowstorm is predicted and that evening is afraid to drive home. 44 Accordi
35、ng to the passage, which of the following is important in explaining a muscle movement?（A）The flow of blood to the muscles.（B） Classical conditioning.（C） Protein interactions.（D）The entry of unpleasant stimuli through the cell membrane. 45 The author implies that which of the following is the type o
36、f scientific explanation most likely used by a molecular biologist?（A）Experimentation.（B） Reduction.（C） Interaction.（D）Generalization. 45 In only two decades Asian Americans have become the fastest-growing U. S. minority (少数民族). As their children began moving up through the nations schools, it becam
37、e clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the nations best universities, where mathematics, science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the
38、 fact that Asian-American students who began their educations abroad arrived in the U.S. with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mat
39、hematics and science because they will be judged more objectively. And the return on the investment in education is more immediate in something like engineering than with an arts degree.Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children
40、take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that breeds su
41、ccess, such ideals that stress family values and emphasize education.Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial (种族的) image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants (移民) were the victims of social isolation.
42、Indeed, it was not until l952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.46 While making tremendous achievements at college, Asian-American students _.（A）feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of English（B） are afraid that their academic successes be
43、ar a strong Asian character（C） still worry about unfair treatment in society（D）generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents 47 What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian Americans?（A）A solid foundation in basic mathematics and science.（B） Hard work and intelligenc
44、e.（C） Parental help and a limited knowledge of English.（D）Asian culture and the American educational system. 48 Few Asian-American students major in human sciences mainly because _.（A）they dont like human sciences（B） they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areas（C） there is a w
45、ide difference between Asian and Western cultures（D）they know little about American cultures and Western cultures 49 Why do the two “explanations“ (Para. 3, Line l)worry Asian Americans?（A）They are afraid that they would again be isolated from American society in general.（B） People would think that
46、Asian students rely on their parents for success.（C） Asian American would be a threat to other minorities.（D）American academic achievements have taken on too strong an Asian character. 50 The authors tone in this passage is _.（A）sympathetic（B） doubtful（C） critical（D）objective 50 Youre alone, driving
47、 on a deserted stretch of highway. Suddenly you are enclosed by clouds of smoke and steam as the engine-temperature light flashes its red warning. You pull over to the slow lane and switch on the four-way emergency flashers. Then what? Should you keep on rolling or get off the road as fast as you ca
48、n safely do so?Knowing what is happening and what to do in a car emergency can save time, money, worry-even your life.So learning how to check your car will help you handle some common car emergencies.The engines bearings must constantly be lubricated (使润滑) by oil that circulates under pressure. Whe
49、n the oil pressure drops too low, the engine begins to self-destruct. The red oil-pressure warning light flashes on. Listen for any knocking, and sign of serious trouble. If the warning light flashes only at highway speeds and goes out at low speeds or while the engine idles, chances are the engine is just slightly low on oil. If the light goe
