1、专升本（英语）模拟试卷 230 及答案与解析一、Phonetics（A）water（B） what（C） wash（D）wallet（A）thirsty（B） resist（C） anxious（D）universe（A）terrible（B） December（C） yellow（D）silent（A）shook（B） look（C） tooth（D）childhood（A）whole（B） while（C） whisper（D）whistle二、Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: Each of the following sentence
2、s is provided with four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.6 It is difficult to distinguish one twin _the other.（A）to（B） by（C） for（D）from 7 My parents always buy _my birthday.（A）anything nice to（B） anything nice for（C） something nice
3、to（D）something nice for 8 To travel from England to Scotland you _a passport.（A）mustnt have（B） havent got（C） dont need（D）neednt 9 Anyone can get into the club, _he is a member there.（A）even if（B） unless（C） as that（D）so long as 10 Though I havent seen him for years, I can _his voice on the telephone.
4、（A）realize（B） discover（C） accept（D）recognize 11 The bread and butter _served for breakfast.（A）are（B） is（C） have（D）had been 12 When he was in his_, he began to study English.（A）forty.（B） fortys（C） forties（D）fortys years old 13 He is _a horse.（A）stronger as（B） as stronger than（C） the strong as（D）stron
5、ger than 14 It is essential that all these figures _twice.（A）must be checked（B） be checked（C） is checked（D）will be checked 15 I think he studies very hard, _?（A）does he（B） doesnt he（C） dont I（D）do I 16 In _century, computers will be used more widely.（A）twenty-one（B） the twenty-one（C） twenty-fast（D）t
6、he twenty-first 17 I shall make the announcement _the beginning of the meeting.（A）to（B） for（C） at（D）in 18 It is a question _the book will be published this month or next month.（A）if（B） whether（C） that（D）which 19 We must _early in the morning so as to catch the first train.（A）set up（B） set out（C） set
7、 about（D）set aside 20 In no way _from practice.（A）theory can be separated（B） theory is separated（C） can theory be separated（D）has theory been separated 三、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. R
8、ead the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.20 Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to t
9、hese questions is yes. To some extent, our intelligence is given us at birth. On the other hand, a child who lives in boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a persons intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or, no
10、t he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most exports, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they likely to be in
11、 intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and siste
12、rs, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory other the work is
13、boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates the environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree o
14、f intelligence.21 The writer is in favor of the view that mans intelligence is given to him _ .（A）at birth（B） both at birth and through education（C） through education（D）neither at birth nor through education 22 If a child born with low intelligence, he can _ .（A）never become a genius（B） exceed his i
15、ntelligence limits in rich surroundings（C） still become a genius if he should be given special education（D）not reach his intelligence in his life 23 The example of the twins going to a uncertainty and a factory Separately shows _ .（A）the importance of their intelligence（B） the importance of their po
16、sitions（C） the role of environment on intelligence（D）the part that birth plays 24 The best title of this passage can be _ .（A）Surroundings（B） Dependence on Environment（C） Intelligence（D）Effect of Education 24 It seems to shine unchangingly, pouring out a constant light year after year. But the sun m
17、ay not be nearly so stable as we suppose, It is now thought to move quickly and irregularly and change in long-term cycles, growing dimmer and then brighter with each passing year. Some even fear that its frequent changing behavior would have a great influence on the Earths climate.The source of the
18、 suns inconstancy is magnetism. Professor William Livingston has developed new theories about its magnetic nature.“We dont yet know what causes sun spots, “he says, “but we now think theyre areas of high-level magnetism that come up from the suns interior. So strong is their magnetic pull that the h
19、ighly ionized gas nearby is not able to transmit energy out.“ As a result these areas send out less heat and light and thus appear from Earth to be almost dark irregular surface patches.Sun spot activity generally fluctuates in steady, 11-year cycled. Scientists have long formed the opinion that as
20、the size and number of sun spots increased, the overall energy sent out by the sun would decrease. Indeed, recent studies confirmed it, revealing that during peak periods of sun spot activity, the Earth experiences a small drop that can be seen clearly in received solar energy.Could such a small dro
21、p in energy have an effect here on earth? Perhaps some scientists think the world temperature could fall by as much as 0.2 during periods of high solar magnetism. enough to cause significant fluctuations in weather patterns. 25 According to the passage, it is believed that the sun _ .（A）moves in a q
22、uick but steady way year after year（B） sends out less and less heat and light with each passing year（C） radiates the same amount of light every year（D）might have a strong influence on the weather patterns 26 Which of the following is true of Livingston? _（A）He thinks he has discovered a new possibil
23、ity in the link between sun spots and the weather on the Earth.（B） He has great doubts about the theory that the suns frequent changes have an influence on the Earths climate.（C） He has been recently informed by other scientists of the possibility that more sun spots will appear.（D）He does not think
24、 the causes of the sun spots will be fully revealed by scientists in the near future. 27 Which of the following statements is supported by the passage? _（A）The sun shines constantly and gives out the same amount of energy every year.（B） The cause of the suns fluctuations is its loss of energy with e
25、ach passing year.（C） It is sure that the energy sent out by the sun will drop when more sun spots appear.（D）Fluctuations in weather patterns are the results of the pull of gravity. 28 Which of following is the best title for the passage? _（A）Fluctuations in Weather Patterns.（B） Magnetism and the Sun
26、 Spots.（C） The Size and Number about the Earths.（D）Livingstons New Theory about the Earths Climate. 28 In ancient times the most important exams were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.In the European un
27、iversities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctors degree.Generally, however, mod
28、ern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same into existence with the great increase, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A
29、 room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory.Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.One type of test is sometimes called as “ob
30、jective“ test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test, the teacher writes a series of questions each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers t
31、o students who have not learned the material properly.29 Which of the following statements is true about the students in the Middle Ages? _（A）They took objective.（B） They specialized in one subject.（C） They were timed by electrical clocks.（D）They usually took spoken tests. 30 During the _ test, stud
32、ents must select answers.（A）personal（B） objective（C） spoken（D）written 31 Modern industry must have developed _ .（A）before the Middle Ages（B） around the 19th century（C） in Greece or Rome（D）machines to take tests 32 It may be concluded from the passage that testing _ .（A）should test only opinions（B） s
33、hould always be written（C） has changed since the Middle Ages（D）is given only in factories 32 In the seventeenth century, European soldiers who came across some Indian groups in the western Great Lakes found that several native tribes were living in the area without a formal leadership system. They a
34、ppeared to be “quite friendly with each other without a formal authority“!Not only did the Indians appear to lack a formal system of authority, but they also deeply hated any efforts to control their actions. All members of the tribes knew what was required of them by life long familiarity with the
35、tasks of the area. These tasks tended to be simple, since the Indians rate of social change was slow. Thus, although subgroups such as soldiers had recognized leaders, no real authority was required. Rather than giving direct orders (which were considered rough), members of the tribes would arouse o
36、thers to action by examples.It would be difficult, if not impossible, to carry out such a system in our own society. Most of us have grown up under one authority or another for as we can remember. Our parents, our teachers, our bosses, our government all have the recognized right under certain condi
37、tions to tell us what to do. The authority is so much a part of our culture that it is hard for us to imagine a workable society without it. We have been used to relying on authority to get things done and would probably be uncomfortable with the Indian methods of examples on a large scale.Of course
38、, the major reason why the Indian system would not be suitable for us is that our society is too large. The number of tasks that various members of our society have to perform often under tight time and resource limitations could not be treated by the Indian system. In modern societies, the formal a
39、uthority system is necessary to achieve any social objectives.33 Which of the following sentences is correct according to the passage? _（A）From. 1710 to 1780, European soldiers came across some Indian groups in the western Great Lakes.（B） European soldiers were quite friendly to the Indian groups.（C
40、） The Indian groups had no leaders.（D）The Indian groups only obeyed their own gods. 34 The Indians got their brothers to do something by _ ?（A）telling them what to do（B） showing them how to do it（C） making them obey the order（D）beating them down to lower prices 35 After reading the passage, you may
41、conclude that _ .（A）the Indian system is also suitable for some small towns（B） the Indians were too simple to some small towns（C） our social system is much better than that existing Indian society（D）the Indian social system would be very difficult for our society 36 It can be inferred from the passa
42、ge that we have to carry out our tasks（A）by learning from Indian their way of doing things（B） by raising questions time and again（C） as quickly as we can（D）as slowly as we can 36 More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information th
43、at exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.Its easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no o
44、ne checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But its disturbing to note how many of the crimes w
45、e do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals
46、sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that t
47、heir computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (诈骗) the most confidential (保密) records right under the noses of the companys executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recomm
48、endations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.37 It is implied in the third paragraph that_（A）most computer criminals who are caught blame their bad luck（B） the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problem（C） most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimes（D）man
49、y more computer crimes go undetected that arc discovered 38 Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage? _（A）A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced（B） Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputation（C） Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation（D）Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential inf
