1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 14 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 Coming Soon to a Theater Near You!What are special effects? Do you enjoy movies that use a lot of special effects Dinosaurs from the distant past! Space battles from the distant future! There has been a revolution in special effects, and it has transformed the movies we
2、see.The revolution began in the mid 1970s with George Lucass Star Wars, a film that stunned(使震惊 )audiences. That revolution continues to the present, with dramatic changes in special-effects technology. The company behind these changes is Lucass Industrial Light and at 11 these tests were superior t
3、o measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. 2 Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There
4、is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their mor
5、e fortunate classmates. 3 There are evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence. Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment. We cannot observe and measure innate in
6、telligence, whereas we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment. Researches have been investigating what happens in this interaction.4 Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstl
7、y, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 per cent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of 4. Secondly, the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological a
8、spects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between “privileged“ and “disadvantaged“ children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences. 5 These research findings have led to a revisio
9、n in our understanding of the nature of intelligence. Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind, we now see it as a set of developed skills with which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and, indeed, one of them is learning how to learn.A. Ma
10、in Results of Recent ResearchesB. Difference between Genetic and Observed IntelligenceC. Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD. Intelligence and AchievementE. Impact on School EducationF. A Changed View of Intelligence16 Paragraph 1_17 Paragraph 218 Paragraph 3_19 Paragraph 420 Paragraph 5 _20 A. b
11、orn to be more intelligent or less intelligentB. have a better chance to develop his intelligenceC. cant be observed and measuredD. that intelligence was something a baby was born withE. and because of the lack of communication with his classmatesF. and partly has to do with a childs living environm
12、ent21 It was once believed_, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.22 More recent researches has shown that intelligence is only partly inherited .23 We can observe and measure observed intelligence, but genetic intelligence _ .24 It can b
13、e inferred from the passage that a child will_if he has more opportunities to communicate with others by means of language.25 Children were not just_, but they can be taught to be more intelligent at school.四、填句补文25 An Unwanted Baby, Steve JobsAt 30, Steve Jobs, however, was fired from the company h
14、e co-founded with Steve Wozniak. He left the company after losing a bitter battle over control with Apples CEO John Sculley, whom Jobs had recruited from Pepsi Cola. When Steve Jobs heard of the message he said, “Youve probably had somebody punch you in the stomach and it knocks the wind out of you
15、and you cannot breathe.【T1 】_And you know than the only thing you can do is just relax so you can start breathing again. “Steve Jobs sold over $ 20 million of his Apple stock, spent days bicycling along the beach, feeling sad and lost, toured Paris, and journeyed on to Italy. Recalling this publicly
16、 heartbreaking episode, Jobs said, “I didnt see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me.【T2 】_It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.“【T3】_NeXT didnt do as well as Jobs had dreamed for, but Pix-ar was a
17、 success story. Jobs became an instant billionaire. Meanwhile, his old company Apple was under immense pressure from its rival Microsoft and in 1996 posted billions of dollars in losses.In December 1996, Steve Jobs convinced Apple to buy NeXT and make its software the foundation of the next-generati
18、on Mac OS.【T4】_Initially appointed as Apples adviser, Steve Jobs was name3 Apples interim CEO in 1997.He had made Apple healthy again and returned it to a place where it was contributing new and innovative technologies to the computer world. 【T5】_A. The technology he developed at NeXT became the cat
19、alyst of Apples comeback.B. The harder you try to breathe, the more you cannot breathe.C. During the next five years he started two companiesNeXT and Pixar.D. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything.E. Steve Jobs is a man
20、who has great courage and dares to take risks.F. Under his leadership, Apple returned to profitability and introduced innovations.26 【T1】27 【T2】28 【T3】29 【T4】30 【T5】五、填词补文30 Spiritual BondBesides, do not forget to appreciate the “ spiritual bond“ between people. Ive met numerous people in Japan, the
21、 US, and Australia. In the beginning, I was【B1】_by the differences in the views and cultures. After studying in the US, I got【B2】_to the American way of thinking. So when I first moved to Australia, I had【B3 】_thoughts about Australians, I thought they were quiet and passive. I felt that I couldnt u
22、nderstand them and that I didnt【 B4】_in. That is when I met the Happy Science teachings. I learned about how people go through reincarnation(转世)and are born again and again in different races and in different countries.Therefore, I realized that the people I meet in this lifetime are【B5】_connected t
23、o me from my past. We have known each other before. When I【B6】_this spiritual perspective, I reflected on my narrow-mindedness.When I found out that people who I thought I couldnt understand could be spiritually connected to me, I felt【B7】_even for people I used to 【B8】_.I felt a feeling of oneness
24、and I was able to make many friends creating bonds of understanding and respect. Value and【B9】_every spiritual bond between you and the people you meet and continue to work hard to develop yourself in order to【B10】_others and be a good influence.A. negative E. affection I. fitB. criticize F. discove
25、red J. admitC. spiritually G. appreciate K. usedD. shameful H. confused L. help31 【B1 】32 【B2 】33 【B3 】34 【B4 】35 【B5 】36 【B6 】37 【B7 】38 【B8 】39 【B9 】40 【B10 】六、完形补文40 TransportationTransportation is an essential part of urban design. There are a number of【C1】_(benefit)forms of green transportation
26、 that support and enhance walkable urbanism. These green transportation options make our lives more【C2 】_(easy), reduce congestion, reduce our【C3】_(depend)on cars and oil, are safer and less costly, help save trie planet.and make life more fun!The【C4 】_(green)and most sustainable forms of transporta
27、tion are trains, bicycles, and【C5 】_(walk). Some of the worlds best and fastest trains have been in【C6 】_(operate)for more than 25 years in Europe, and more than 25 years in Japan. These include futuristic highspeed【C7】_(train)like the Eurostar, the French TGV, the Japanese bullet train;and also【C8】
28、_(region)trains, monorails, light rail, trams, trolleys, streetcars, and so on. Clean【C9】_(electricity)trains are a major form of daily transportation in numerous countries, and are the single most powerful transportation choice that can solve serious energy, environmental, economic, health, and soc
29、ial problems on a【C10 】_(globe)scale.41 【C1 】42 【C2 】43 【C3 】44 【C4 】45 【C5 】46 【C6 】47 【C7 】48 【C8 】49 【C9 】50 【C10 】自考英语（二）模拟试卷 14 答案与解析一、阅读判断1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 文章第二段开始是 The revolution began in the mid 1970s withGeorge Lucass Star Wars，表明这场革命始于 20 世纪 70 年代，不是 20 世纪80 年代，所以，该判断错误。2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据本
30、文第二段可以知道，姆仁从拍摄星球大战以来就一直在卢卡斯的公司工作。但他们是不是好朋友，文章并没有提及。所以题干内容没有涉及。3 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 第二段第二句提到“with dramatic changes in specialeffects technologybehind these changes isILM”，由此推断结论正确。4 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 题干意思是，姆仁致力于技术的提高。本文第四段说，工业光魔(电影)公司的工作是迎接新的挑战。1989 年底，姆仁决定把古老的技术尽可能地向前推进。由此可知题干说法正确。5 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 第三段虽然提到了
31、姆仁很小就对电影产生了兴趣，但文章并没有涉及他是否很早就上学了。6 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 第三段中问有“At 10，he had an 8 millimeter movie cameramove through stopmotion”， stop-motion 与 computer graphics technology 表达的意义不同，所以该判断错误。7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 文章第六段提到，利用“CG technology” 可以使不同的镜头组合成一个图像。第三段提到“When the shots are put together ，the objectsappear to
32、 move”，当不同的特写组合到一起时，物体似乎在移动。8 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章最后一段“special effects can be used to dothat moviescan tell stories better than ever before”，即特效可以更好地用来讲故事，但没有提及是否使得电影的造价提高，因此选 C。9 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 最后一段说到特效可以“tell stories better than ever before”，后面还有“this may very well be true”，我们无从判断今天的电影人是否为了特效而特效，而不关心
33、电影的故事。10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 题干意思是，用计算机生成的形象已经在许多电影中出现。根据最后一段最后一句可知，电影侏罗纪公园及其续集、迷失的世界都使用了由计算机自动生成的恐龙，由此可知题干是正确的。二、阅读选择11 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章的第一段对欧洲大城市市中心的共同点作了一个概述。它们是否都有大广场、是否都有许多摩天大楼、是否有让旅游者和自己的配偶见面的中心这些都没有提到。但文章提到了当地居民和旅游者共同创造了一种令人兴奋的大都市气氛。我们因此可以推断这些城市每年吸引了大量的旅游者。12 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章第三段中选项 A、B、C 的内容都可以找
34、到，只有选项 D 的内容没有提到。13 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章第四段讲到“The reason people think Venice is so greattoday is you dont see all the mistakes”，今天人们之所以认为威尼斯伟大的原因是他们看不到所有已经被拆除的缺憾之处。14 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 文章倒数第二段首先讲了咖啡文化对保持这些城市的活力所具有的重要性，然后说了巴黎就是如此。巴黎市民以热衷于聊天而闻名，他们喜欢边喝咖啡边抽烟边聊天。15 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章最后一段讲到“An enormous example o
35、f this relationshipbetween church and society is the Duomo”，作者把 Duomo 作为典型的例子来阐明教会与社会的关系。三、概括段落大意和补全句子16 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 第一段主要讲了传统观念认为智力是一种一成不变的能力，因此它决定了我们的成就，并且也根据智力因素来预测孩子将来学习的成就。在学校教育中，要根据智力测试对不同智力的孩子进行不同的教育。本段的关键词intelligence 和 achievement 给出了相关提示。17 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 第二段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，和第一段中所讲的传统的理解不
36、同，主要的不同之处在于传统的观点把智力看做是一种不变的能力，而新的观点则认为智力和人的成长环境有关。18 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 第三段提出了新的区别基因智力和习得智力的证据：我们看不到也无法衡量基因智力，但是却可以看到也可以衡量习得智力，因此本段主要讲了两种智力的区别。19 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 第四段第一句话就把该段的内容点得很清楚，要介绍的是“Two major findings have emerged from these researches”main results 只是 major findings 的另一种说法而已。20 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 第五段的第
37、一句就说清楚了：研究结果导致我们对智力本质看法的改变。21 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 这句话的意思可在第一段里找到。It was believed 后面应跟一个主语从句，这个从句由 that 引导。22 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 原句中 partly 这个词是个很好的提示，大多会出现第二个 partly。本题与第二段内容相关。23 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 本题的内容主要在第三自然段。题干指出我们看不到也无法衡量基因智力，但是习得智力却可以 ，综合备选项和题意，只有 C 项符合。24 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 will 后面应该接一个动词，句子的意思是以第四段的最后一句话为基础
38、的。25 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 这句话可以说是全文的中心思想，即人聪明还是不聪明并不完全由先天而定，而是可以通过学校的教育来提高。四、填句补文26 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 这是当乔布斯被苹果公司解雇后说的一段话。联系上下文，空格前大意为你被人重重击了一下不能呼吸。空格后大意为你知道你唯一能做的是放松，这样你才能够再次开始呼吸。因此空格处应填入一个过渡句。B 项意为“你越是努力地想要呼吸，越是不能做到”。27 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 第二段主要描述乔布斯离开苹果公司后的感受。空格处需要填入一个句子，阐明下文“It freed me to enter one of the mo
39、st creativeperiods of my life”中 it 指代的内容。D 项意为“可以很确定的是，成功之后的负重感(压力感)已被再次创业的轻松所取而代之了”。28 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 联系下文，提及两个公司的名称 NeXT 和 Pixar。因此空格处应填入包含着两个信息的句子以引出下文。29 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 联系上下文，上文提及乔布斯说服苹果公司收购他创建的 NeXT，下文提及乔布斯因此被任命为临时总裁。因此空格处需要一个过渡句，使上下文的因果逻辑合理。选项 A 意为“乔布斯在 NeXT 开发的技术使得苹果重返市场”，符合条件。30 【正确答案】 F【试题解
40、析】 结合全文，讲述了乔布斯创办苹果公司、被苹果公司解聘后又重返公司使其取得巨大成功。因此空格处应填入一个总结性的句子，概括乔布斯与苹果公司成功间的关联。五、填词补文31 【正确答案】 H【试题解析】 本题考查被动语态。译文：开始的时候，思想和文化上的不同常常使我困惑。be confused by 被困惑。32 【正确答案】 K【试题解析】 本题考查固定搭配的用法。get used to doing 固定搭配，习惯于做某事。译文：在美国留学后，我习惯于美国人的思维方式。33 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 名词 thoughts 前缺少一个修饰它的形容词。根据后边的 passive(悲观的、被动
41、的 )这个词，可以判断作者对认为澳大利亚人比较消极。34 【正确答案】 I【试题解析】 从句中缺少谓语动词。译文：我觉得自己很难理解并融人他们。fit in 固定搭配，融入、适应。35 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 动词 connected 前应该用副词修饰。同时下一段第一句的bespiritually connected to me 也与之相对应。36 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 本句没有谓语动词，应该填入动词，时态与原文一致，用一般过去时。译文：当我发现了这个精神层面的观点后，我反思了自己思想的狭隘性。37 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 本句的宾语部分缺少中心词，应填入一个名词。译文：当
42、我发现那些我不能理解的人，他们可能与我有某种精神上的联系时，我开始喜欢他们甚至包括那些我过去常常批评的。affection 意为喜欢。38 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 used to do sth固定搭配，过去常常做某事，后边接动词原形。criticized，v批评、挑剔。39 【正确答案】 G【试题解析】 本空应填入一个和前边动词 value(评价、珍惜)意义相近的动词。appreciate 意为感激、欣赏。译文：珍惜和感激那些与你相遇的人之间的精神纽带。40 【正确答案】 L【试题解析】 in order to 为了。后边接动词原形。be a good influence 起到积极的影响
43、，提示我们应填入积极、正面的动词。六、完形补文41 【正确答案】 beneficial【试题解析】 名词 forms 前缺少修饰成分，应填入形容词。a number of beneficial forms of green transportation 指许多有益的绿色交通方式。42 【正确答案】 easier【试题解析】 make sthmore 固定搭配，指使更，这里指让我们的生活更方便。43 【正确答案】 dependence【试题解析】 前边的 reduce congestion(n堵塞 )，提示了我们，这里也需要填入名词。reduce our dependence on cars a
44、nd oil 指减少我们对汽车和石油的依赖。44 【正确答案】 greenest【试题解析】 这里是两个形容词最高级 the+所填词和 most sustainable 修饰名词forms，因此应填入形容词的最高级。45 【正确答案】 walking【试题解析】 文中的 trains，bicycles 均是出行方式，因此应填入名词或动名词形式。walking 指步行。46 【正确答案】 operation【试题解析】 句意：世界上一些最好最快的火车在欧洲已经运行了 25 年以上，在日本运行了超过 40 年。in operation 固定搭配，运行、实施。47 【正确答案】 trains【试题解析】 作者列举了多个高速火车，因此应填入名词的复数形式。48 【正确答案】 regional【试题解析】 作者举了不同类型的火车，如高速火车，区域间的火车。这里表示在区域之间运行的火车，因此应填入形容词。49 【正确答案】 electric【试题解析】 本题解题思路同上一题，应填入形容词，electric trains 指电气化的火车。50 【正确答案】 global【试题解析】 句意：在许多国家，清洁的电气化的火车是主要的日常出行方式，同时也是解决全球范围内严重的能源、环境、经济、健康以及社会问题的最有力选择。a global scale 指全球范围。
