1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 8 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 Marriage Advertisements in IndiaEvery Sunday morning millions of Indians settle down with a cup of tea and special weekend issues of their newspapers, just as Americans do. But here, with the marriage season approaching, many of them quickly to a Sunday feature that is pa
2、rticularly Indian-the-col-umns of marriage advertisements in which young people look for husbands and wives. This is relatively modern change in the age-old custom of the arranged marriage. The thousands of advertisements published each week increasingly reflect social changes that coming to this tr
3、aditional society. For example, although women are still described in terms of appearance, or skill in “the wifely arts“, information about her earning power is entering more and more of the advertisements. This reflects the arrival in India of the working wife.Divorce, which used to be almost unhea
4、rd of in India, is sometimes now mentioned in the advertisements as in the case of a woman whose advertisement in New Delhi newspaper explained that had been “the innocent party“ when her marriage broke up.Because the custom of the do wry(marriage payment)is now illegal, some advertisements say “no
5、dowry“ or “simple marriage“ , which means the same thing. However, the fathers of many bridegrooms still require it. In a land where light skin is often regarded as socially preferable, many also require that a woman have a “ wheat-color“ complexion or that a man be “tall, fair and handsome“. Advert
6、isements are placed and eagerly read by a wide range of people in the upper classes, mostly in cities. Many of them receive dozens of answers. “Theres nothing embarrassing about it, “explained a Calcutta businessman advertising a son-in-law. “Its just another way of broadening the contacts and incre
7、asing the possibility of doing the contacts and increasing the possibilities of doing the best one for ones daughter. “Because of high unemployment and a generally poor standard of living here, one of the best attractions a marriage advertisement can offer is a permit to live abroad, especially in C
8、anada or the United States. A person who has one can get what he wants. One recent Sunday in Madras, for example, a Punjabi engineer living in San Francisco advertised for a “beautiful slim bride with lovely features knowing music and dance“. And a man whose advertisement said that he held an Americ
9、an immigration permit was able to say, only girls from rich, well-connected families need apply.1 In the text, a Sunday feature is a kind of newspaper advertisements in which young people look for husbands and wives.( )（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned2 In Marriage advertisements in India women are
10、 only introduced in terms of appearance or their skill in being a good wife.( )（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned3 Indias society is changing.( )（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned4 The word “dowry“ m the third paragraph means marriage payment.( )（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned5 In India people wi
11、th light skin and good feature are preferable. ( )（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned6 Anyone can receive dozens of answers if he/she placed an advertisement.( )（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned7 The word “one“ in “a person who has one can get what he wants“ refers to good attraction.( )（A）Right（B）
12、Wrong（C） Not mentioned8 Advertisements are only read by a small group of people of high social status.( )（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned9 In India there is a high divorce rate.( )（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned10 A male who has an American immigration permit means he is competitive in marriage
13、 than others.( )（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned二、阅读选择10 The SandwichAmerican lunch hour is usually from noon until one oclock or from one until two. People at work or school rarely go home for lunch. Instead, many bring lunch with them from home. For this purpose they need a meal that is small, p
14、ortable, and does not require constant refrigeration. The sandwich meets all these three requirements.When it comes to talking about the sandwich, Americans can offer you a long list of its names:a submarine sandwich, a hero, a hoa-gie, a grinder, a pool boy, a torpedo, a club sandwich and an open s
15、andwich. Whatever you call it, this concoction(混合)of cold cuts in a roll is as American as the hot dog or the apple pie. In attempting to track down its origin, it is found that several U. S. cities claim to be its birthplaceNew Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, and Chester. A strong possibility is t
16、he simultaneous, independent invention of all these cities. Whatever it started, the sandwich was clearly an innovation of the Italian immigrants. In their old country, Italian workers had gone home at midday for their lunch; since U. S. factory owners frowned on this practice, they adopted the roll
17、 as a kind of lunchbox and put their meat and cheese within. In this way, an inexpensive yet filling meal could be carried to the workplace without damage. Hence we can see the sandwich as a compromise between the Old World attachment to sausages and cheese, and the need in the American workday cont
18、ext.The sandwich remained largely a working-class item from its beginning in the 1580 s. Then during the Depression the financially suffered middle class realized its value as an economical meal and transformed it into an American staple(生活必需品).11 The passage offers a long list of the sandwichs name
19、s to give readers an impression that_.( )（A）different people prefer different sandwiches（B） the sandwich is very popular among Americans（C） the sandwich has some funny and interesting names（D）Americans frequently talk about the sandwich12 The birthplace of the sandwich is probably_.( )（A）New Orleans
20、（B） New York（C） Philadelphia（D）all of the above13 The most possible inventor of the sandwich is_.( )（A）factory workers（B） gold miners（C） school teachers（D）restaurant cooks14 It can be concluded from the passage that_.( )（A）the sandwich is a gift from the New World to the Old World（B） the sandwich is
21、 a gift from the Old World to the New World（C） the sandwich is a compromise between the Old World and the New World（D）the sandwich is mainly popular among Italian immigrants in America15 The most important feature of the sandwich as lunch is _.( )（A）nutritious（B） economical（C） portable _（D）free from
22、 disease germs三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 Transportation Infrastructure1 As has been demonstrated repeatedly, a transportation infrastructure based around individuals in automobiles contributes to global warming, pollution, health problems and energy insecurity. Conversely, the idea behind a green transportatio
23、n infrastructure is. one that provides opportunities for people to get around their communities using their own powersuch as walking or bikingor by other more environmentally sensitive means, like trains or buses. Sometimes, the best definition of a concept can be found by describing what it is not.
24、 All one has to do to get across the idea is to highlight the experience virtually all of us have shared at some point in our life(and for millions of Americans it can be literally an everyday experience); sitting in our motionless cars on a jam-packed highway as the vehicles spew emissions and poll
25、ution into the air. Even in cases when its difficult or impossible to remove the car from the picture entirely, there are ways to green our transportation infrastructure and improve our health and quality of life. Therefore, we have to find out some ways to improve whats already in place.2 A lot of
26、city dwellers hold that they prefer to drive cars to work. Sure, there are plenty of reasons keeping them in the cars. Convenience is obviously one, but having to wait at a bus stop and then sit or stand on a crowded bus while cars go by is definitely another big trouble. But cities around the world
27、 are doing their best to employ the environmental benefits of bus ridership by making them more attractive to ride. One major way is by creating lanes dedicated to buses so that they can zoom past cars and trucks on roadways. 3 Fun is just one of the many benefits to cities and towns that commit to
28、making biking easy and safe. “ Cleaner, healthier, quieter and safer neighborhoods, “ are the results of making bikeways and lanes a priority, says Zehner, who argues that even though American cities are more spread out than those in Europe, they are still great candidates for bikes. If Americans ca
29、n embrace the concept it will make us more like the rest of the world; indeed, Zehner says the bike is the predominant mode of transport globally, with around 2 billion people using them.4 When it was originally built in 1889, the Poughkeepsie-Highland Railroad Bridge in Poughkeepsie, N. Y. , was al
30、l about commerce and transportation, allowing people and goods to flow easily over the Hudson River. For years, the bridge sat unused after a fire nearly destroyed it in 1974 until a group called Walkway over the Hudson began its efforts to transform the bridge into a place for the public to enjoy.
31、The group was finally successful in its efforts when the Walkway over the Hudson State Park opened in 2009making it the longest pedestrian bridge in the world, which has since attracted more than 1 million visitors. Pedestrian bridges provide opportunities for alternative, environmentally friendly t
32、ransportation modes such as biking and walking.5 Giving people the opportunity and encouragement to get out and walk sometimes takes a little creativity, especially in hyper-urban areas like New York City. In the citys old Meatpacking District, a group of committed citizens have transformed what was
33、 once a piece of what would now be called green irfrastructurean elevated railway line and transformed it into a nearly 1. 5-mile walkway and park on the west side of Manhattan called the High Line. What was a transporta tion route for meat and other agricultural goods heading into factories and war
34、ehouses from 1934 to 1980 is now a popular park with areas for public art and urban gardens.A. A little creativity is required to encourage people to walk.B. People can use more electric vehicles instead of cars.C. The green transportation encourages people to use human power or other environmentall
35、y friendly means.D. Biking will do great good to the environment.E. Bus lanes should be made to attract more bus riders.F. Pedestrian bridges function as alternatives to biking and walking.16 Paragraph1_17 Paragraph2_18 Paragraph3_19 Paragraph4_20 Paragraph5_20 A. whats already in placeB. global war
36、ming, pollution, health problems and energy insecurityC. a little creativityD. cleaner, healthier, quieter and safer neighborhoodsE. by other more environmentally sensitive meansF. the governments great support21 A transportation infrastructure will lead to_.22 With the green transportation, people
37、to get around their communities using their own power or_.23 Difficult or impossible as it is to remove the car entirely, we have to find ways to improve_.24 The results of making bikeways and lanes a priority are _.25 Sometime_can give people the opportunity and encouragement to, get out and walk.四
38、、填句补文25 The Impact of the Internet on Society【T1】_Although it began as a government operation, over time this innovative technology eventually evolved into a public novelty. Looking at society today, one may find that the situation has certainly evolved.【T2】_Even a decade ago if you were to think ab
39、out whether or not the Internet had a significant impact on society, the answer would likely have been probably not. While the Net may have been considered a neat innovation, it was not like anyone “needed“ it.However, over time this perception has changed for many individuals in society. The Intern
40、et has become, for the most part, an absolute necessity, either by requirement or by desire.【T3 】 _People take it for granted that the Internet will be available, and dependency on being connected has become the norm. Both businesses and individuals alike depend upon the routine availability of the
41、Internet. Due to the fact that many businesses, government agencies and other organizations have navigated to the online environment, generally people require consistent access, or 24/7 access, if you will.【T4】_It has improved communication, simplified handling tasks and errands, offered huge conven
42、ience, enabled faster processing, and provided more options, all of which have freed more time to do other things.【T5】_The quality of communication has declined; people are im-patient because they have become accustomed to instant gratification, and using the Internet also takes up a lot of time. As
43、 websites such as Facebook and other socially based interactions increase in usage, many hours a day are consumed as people keep up with their various networks, taking away from other activities.A. The Internet has had a profound effect on society over the last two decades.B. Going online has become
44、 as natural as doing other daily tasks people have traditionally done.C. For many, the Internet has become an essential for daily living, no longer the fun novelty it was 10 years ago.D. In many ways the Internet has had a very positive effect on society.E. Yet, interestingly enough the Internet has
45、, in some ways, had negative effects.F. What kind of impact has the Internet had on society?26 【T1】27 【T2】28 【T3】29 【T4】30 【T5】五、填词补文30 Hardest ThingsGrowing up I always heard the expression, “You dont know【B1】_youve got till its gone. “ These words have never really had much meaning to me until jus
46、t【B2】_. This happens to everyone at least once, not【B3】_the things we have. How would we know how 【B4】_things are if we never get anything【B5】_away from us? Every day I have been taking【B6】_of things that could easily be taken away, like my job, friends, and pets.In this【B7】_, losing my job was one
47、of the hardest things Ive had to deal with. About a year and a half ago I used to work for a retail store called Gottschalks. I worked for them for about two years. I worked in customer service and counted the vault for the store, which was balancing out the amount the store had made the day before.
48、 When I worked for the company I made pretty good money and got pretty good hours, but I would always find things to【B8】_about. I complained about things that did not really【B9】_when I should have been more thankful that I still had a job. This was around the time【B10】_the country began feeling the
49、effects of the recession and businesses starting closing all over. Thats when the rumors started going around that Gottschalks might be heading into bankruptcy, but still I felt I had no reason to worry.A. important D. advantage G. taken J. whatB. complain E. appreciating H. when K. matterC. recently F. surprised I. case L. purchase31 【B1 】32 【B2 】33 【B3 】34 【B4
