1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 23 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 Brotherly LoveAdidas and Puma have been two of the biggest names in sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century. Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning football heroes, Muhammad Ali, hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all o
2、ver the world. But the story of these two companies began in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach, Germany. Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoe maker. They loved sport but complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in. Rudolph always said, “You cannot play spor
3、ts wearing shoes that you d walk around town with. “ So they started making their own sports shoes. In 1920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes(钉), produced on the Dasslers kitchen table. On 1st July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked together
4、 for many years. The company became successful and it provided the shoes for Germany s athletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games. But in 1948 the brothers argued. No one knows exactly what happened, but family members have suggested that the argument was about money or women. The result was that A
5、dolph left the company. His nickname was Adi, and using this and the first three letters of the family name, Dassler, he founded Adidas. Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too. At first he wanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he called it Puma, after the wild cat
6、. The famous Puma logo of the jumping cat has hardly changed since. After the big split of 1948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and their companies have now been in competition for over sixty years. Both companies were for many years the market leaders, though Adidas has always be
7、en more successful than Puma. A hip hop group, Run DMC, has even written a song called “My Adidas“ and in 2005 Adidas bought Reebok , another big sports shoe company. The terrible family argument should really be forgotten, but ever since it happened, over sixty years ago, the town has been split in
8、to two. Even now, some Adidas employees and Puma employees don t talk to each other.1 Adidas and Puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given2 The brothers father was a ball maker.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given3 The brothers make shoes at school.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given4 Th
9、e brothers formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ltd, on 1st July 1928.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given5 The brothers argued about the shoes.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given6 The brothers decided to start their separate companies after argument.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given7 Adolph found his own shoe company called Pu
10、ma.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given8 Nike makes more shoes than Adidas.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given9 Puma has always been more successful than Adidas.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given10 People in town have forgotten their argument.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given二、阅读选择10 People are being lured(引诱)onto Facebook with the promise
11、of a fun, free service, without realizing they re paying for it by giving up loads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages. Most Facebook users dont realize this is happening. Even if they know what the co
12、mpany is up to, they still have no idea what theyre paying for Facebook, because people don t really know what their personal data is worth. The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you could keep everything private. That was the great thing about Faceboo
13、kyou could create your own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many things your city, your photo, your friends nameswere set, by default(默认), to be shared with everyone on the Internet. According to Facebooks vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is
14、simply making changes to improve its service, and if people dont share information, they have a “less satisfying experience. “Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. Its original business model, which involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the page, t
15、otally failed. Who wants to look at ads when they re online connecting with their friends?The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set gui
16、delines for social-networking sites. “I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them, “ Schrage admits. I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, its only th
17、e beginning. Which is why Im considering deactivating(撤销)my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I dont trust. Thats too high a price to pay. 11 What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?（A）It is a website that send
18、s messages to targeted users.（B） It makes money by putting on advertisements.（C） It provides loads of information to its users.（D）It profits by selling its users personal data. 12 What does the author say about most Facebook users?（A）They care very little about their personal information.（B） They ar
19、e reluctant to give up their personal information.（C） They dont know their personal data enriches Facebook.（D）They dont identify themselves when using the website. 13 Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?（A）To conform to the Federal guidelines.（B） To improve its us
20、ers connectivity.（C） To render better service to its users.（D）To expand its scope of business. 14 What does Senator Charles Schumer advocate?（A）Setting guidelines for advertising on websites.（B） Formulating regulations for social-networking sites.（C） Banning the sharing of users personal information
21、.（D）Removing ads from all social-networking sites. 15 Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account?（A）He finds many of its users untrustworthy.（B） He is upset by its frequent rule changes.（C） He doesn t want his personal data abused.（D）He is dissatisfied with its current service. 三、概括段落大意
22、和补全句子15 Organ Donation and Transplantation1 Organ donation(捐献)and transplantation(移植)refers to the process by which organs or tissues from one person are put into another person s body. 2 The number of people needing a transplant continues to rise faster than the number of donors . About 3, 700 tran
23、splant candidates are added to the national waiting list each month. Each day, about 77 people receive organ transplants. However, 18 people die each day waiting for transplants that cant take place because of the shortage of donated organs. 3 There are no age limits on who can donate. Newborns as w
24、ell as senior citizens have been organ donors. If you are under age 18, you must have a parents or guardian s consent(同意). If you are 18 years or older, you can show you want to be an organ and tissue donor by signing a donor card. 4 Many people think that if they agree to donate their organs, the d
25、octor or the emergency room staff wont work as hard to save their life. This is not true. The transplant team is completely separate from the medical staff working to save your life. The transplant team does not become involved with you until doctors have determined that all possible efforts to save
26、 your life have failed. 5 If you need an organ transplant, your doctor will help you get on the national waiting list. Your name will be added to a pool of names. When an organ donor becomes available, all the patients in the pool are compared to that donor. Factors such as blood and tissue type, si
27、ze of the organ, medical urgency(紧急)of the patients illness, time already spent on the waiting list, and distance between donor and recipient(授受者)are considered. A. The definition of organ donation and transplantationB. Benefits of organ donationC. Distribution of donated organsD. Quality of donor m
28、edical careE. Age limits for organ donationF. Status of organ donation and transplantation16 Paragraph 1_17 Paragraph2_18 Paragraph3_19 Paragraph4_20 Paragraph 5_20 A. donated organsB. the national waiting listC. a donor cardD. senior citizensE. all possible effortsF. the most suitable candidate21 T
29、here is a great demand for_. 22 Organ donors range in age from newborns to_. 23 Doctors will try their best to save your life even if you ve signed_. 24 If you need an organ transplant, your doctor will help you get on_. 25 Various factors are considered when deciding on_. 四、填句补文25 Houses of the Fut
30、ureWhat will houses be like in thirty years time?No one really knows, but architects are trying to predict. 【T1 】_Future houses will have to be flexible. In thirty years time even more of US will be working from home. So we will have to be able to use areas of the house for work for part of the day
31、and for living for the rest. Families grow and change with children arriving, growing up and leaving home. 【T2】_Nothing will be as fixed as it is now. The house will always be changing tomeet changing needs. Everyone agrees that in thirty years time we will be living in “intelligent“ houses. We will
32、 be able to talk to our kitchen machines and discuss with them about what to do. Like this : “We 11 be having a party this weekend. What food shall we cook?“【T3 】_We will be able to leave most of the cooking to the machines, just tasting things from time to time to check. The house of the future wil
33、l be personaleach house will be different. 【T4】_You won t have to paint them you 11 be able to tell the wall to change the color!And if you dont like the color the next day, you will be able to have a new one. 【T5】_A. You will be able to change the color of the wall easily. B. The only thing you won
34、t be able to do is move the house somewhere else!C. And the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how to cook it. D. What will our home be like then?E. The house of the future will have to grow and change with the family. F. The kids might take their bedrooms with them as they leave
35、.26 【T1】27 【T2】28 【T3】29 【T4】30 【T5】五、填词补文30 Women in 2011 made no significant gains in winning more top US business jobs, according to a study, but the head of the study said women are noised to make in【B1 】_in the year ahead. The number of women who were board directors, corporate officers or top
36、earners at Fortune 500 companies remained【B2】_unchanged, said the study by Catalyst, a nonprofit group that【B3】 _opportunities for women in business. The percentage of companies with women on the board of directors was 15. 1 percent this year, compared with 14. 8 percent in 2010, Catalyst said. Also
37、, the percentage of corporate officer positions【B4】_by women was 15. 7 percent in 2011 and 15. 4 percent in 2010, it said. The percentage of top earners in 2011 who were women was 6. 2 percent, compared to 6. 7 percent in 2010, it said. The research on the Fortune 500 companies was【B5】_on data as of
38、 March 31, 2011. The slight changes in the numbers are not considered【B6】_significant, Catalyst said. Nevertheless, given the changes in U. S. politics, the future for women in business looks more【B7】_, said Ilene Lang, president and chief executive【B8】_of Catalyst. “Overall we re【B9】_to see change
39、next year, “ Lang said. “When we look at shareholders , decision makers, the general public, they re looking for change. “What they re basically saying is, Don t give us【B10】_of the status quo(现状). Get new ideas in there, get some flesh faces. “ she said. A. officerB. basedC. positionsD. moreE. prom
40、isingF. essentiallyG. strides H. promotesI. statistically J. confused K. held L. expecting31 【B1 】32 【B2 】33 【B3 】34 【B4 】35 【B5 】36 【B6 】37 【B7 】38 【B8 】39 【B9 】40 【B10 】六、完形补文40 Unfortunately, Cindys mother isnt the only parent who suffers from Situational Timbercular Glaucomathe occasional【C1】_(a
41、ble)to see the forest for the trees. From time to time we all allow ourselves to be【C2 】_ (blind)to issues of long-term significance by stuff that seems【C3 】_ (awful)important right now but itisn t. Muddy shoes, lost lunch money and messy kitchens are【 C4】_(trouble), and they deserve their place amo
42、ng life s【C5】_(frustrate). But what s a little mudeven on new carpet【C6】 _(compare)to a childs self- esteem? And while kitchen sanitation is important, is it worth the sacrifice of tender feelings and relationships?Is a lost dollar more【C7 】_ (value)than a youngsters【C8】_(emerge)dignity?I m not sayi
43、ng that our children dont need to learn【C9】_(responsible), or to【C10 】_(occasion)suffer the painful consequences of their own bad choices. Those lessons are vital, and need to be carefully taught. But as parents, we must never forget that were not just teaching lessons were teaching children. That m
44、eans there are times when we really need to see the cake. 41 【C1 】42 【C2 】43 【C3 】44 【C4 】45 【C5 】46 【C6 】47 【C7 】48 【C8 】49 【C9 】50 【C10 】七、短文写作51 Write a short essay with a clear central idea and effective development in about 150 words. You should based your writing on the following information a
45、nd give consideration to the unity, coherence and variety of each paragraph. Learning is a process that does not end when one has left traditional school. Are you one who has little time to attend a class in a local college? Would you rather take a course where you can learn at your own pace? Then o
46、nline learning just might be right for you. Online learning education offers the same opportunity as standard colleges, universities and other institutions. The objectives of learning are the same. Even the materials, textbooks and syllabus may be the same. But the methods are different. Online cour
47、ses are geared towards convenience, first and foremost, as students will be able to commit to their courses in their own comfortable pace. If they need to be travelling with their jobs, or are working on rotating shifts, or have other responsibilities to attend to and will not be able to attend a st
48、andard class with a set time and place, then online courses will cover the distance and offer the most convenience.自考英语（二）模拟试卷 23 答案与解析一、阅读判断1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 推断关键信息。题干：阿迪达斯和彪马自 19 世纪末开始做鞋。根据文章第 2 段“Since 1928they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes，World Cupwinning football heroes”，可知从 1928 年开始
49、两个公司就开始为奥林匹克运动员等提供鞋了，因此题干陈述是错误的。故选 B。2 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 查找细节信息。题干：这两兄弟的父亲是做球的。文中第三段第一句“Adolph and RudolphDassler were the sons of a shoe maker”说明两兄弟是一个鞋匠的儿子。所以选 B。3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 查找细节信息。题干：这两兄弟在学校里做鞋。文中第三段最后一句“In 1920 Adolph madethe first pair of athletics shoes with spikes，produced on the Dasslers，kitchen table”
