1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 28 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 Lakes, Too, Feel Global WarmingTheres no doubt : In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming and trying to figure out what
2、to do about it. Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world, and they found that lakes are heating up. Between 1985 and 2009, satellites recorded the nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmerby an aver
3、age of about 0. 045 degree Celsius per year. In some, places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0. 10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years. That difference may seem smallyou might not even notice it in your bath. But in a lake, slightly
4、 warmer temperatures could mean more algae(水藻), and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish. The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming. By usi
5、ng lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming . The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world. Thats going to be useful, since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change. Scie
6、ntists aren t the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse(温室)gases we put into the air. Thats why the United Nati
7、ons started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world. 1 People have no way to measure the effects o
8、f global warming.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given2 Scientists have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given3 The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given4 Between 1985 and 200the lakes got warmerb
9、y an average of about 0. 45 degree Celsius per year.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given5 Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given6 A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given7 Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying glob
10、al warming.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given8 Global warming is less threatening to small countries.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given9 Only the scientists are concerned about the climate change.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given10 UNFCCCs annual meeting will be hold in Mexico this year.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given二、阅读选择10 Parent s
11、 worries on Children s saftyThere is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscious type. So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA today investigation of air quality around the nations schools singled out those in the smugl
12、y(自鸣得意地)green village of Berkeley, Calif, as being among the worst in the country. The city s public high school, as well as a number of daycare centres, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living sci
13、ence experiments breathing in a laboratory s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day. This is a city that requires school cafeterias to serve organic meals. Great, I thought, organic lunch, toxic campus. Since December, when the report came out, the mayor, neighbourhood ac
14、tivists(活跃分子)and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle over its validity: over the guilt of the steel-casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobs versus childrens health and over what, if anything, ought to be done. With all sides presenting their own e
15、xperts armed with conflicting scientific studies, whom should parents believe? Is there truly a threat here, we asked one another as we dropped off our kids, and if so, how great is it? And how does it compare with the other, seemingly perpetual health scares we confront, like panic over lead in syn
16、thetic athletic fields? Rather than just another weird episode in the town that brought you protesting environmentalists, this latest drama is a trial for how today s parents perceive risk, how we try to deep our kids safewhether it s possible to keep them safein what feels like an increasingly thre
17、atening world. It raises the question of what, in our time, “safe“ could even mean. “There s no way around the uncertainty, “ says Kimberly Thompson, president of Kid Risk, a nonprofit group that studies childrens health. “That means your choices can matter, but it also means you aren t going to kno
18、w if they do. “ A 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics explained that nervous parents have more to fear from fire, car accidents and drowning than from toxic chemical exposure. To which I say: Well, obviously. But such concrete hazards are beside the point. Its the dangers parents cantand may never
19、quantify that occur all of a sudden. Thats why Ive rid my cupboard of microwave food packed in bags coated with a potential cancer causing substance, but although Ive lived blocks from a major fault line(地质断层)for more than 12 years, I still haven t bolted our bookcases to the living room wall.11 Wha
20、t does a recent investigation by USA Today reveal?（A）Heavy metals in lab tests threaten children s health in Berkeley.（B） Berkeley residents are quite contented with their surroundings.（C） The air quality around Berkeley s school campuses is poor.（D）Parents in Berkeley are over-ensitive to cancer ri
21、sks their kids face_. 12 What response did USA Today s report draw?（A）A heated debate（B） Popular support（C） Widespread panic（D）Strong criticism13 How did parents feel in the face of the experts studies?（A）They felt very much relieved.（B） They were frightened by the evidence.（C） They didn t know who
22、to believe.（D）They weren t convinced of the results. 14 What is the view of the 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics?（A）It is important to quantify various concrete hazards.（B） Daily accidents pose a more serious threat to children.（C） Parents should be aware of children s health hazards.（D）Attenti
23、on should be paid to toxic chemical exposure. 15 Of the dangers in everyday life, the author thinks that people have most fear from_.（A）the uncertain（B） the quantifiable（C） an earthquake（D）unhealthy food三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 The Paper Chase1 “Running a house is a lot like running a business. “ says Stepha
24、nie Denton, a professional organizer based in Cincinnati, Ohio, who specializes in both residential and commercial paperwork and record keeping. To get a successful grip on organizing documents, bills, and other materials , Denton suggests the following tips :2 Create a space in which you can always
25、 do your paperwork. This is perhaps the most important element of a successful system. If you can t devote an entire desk to the task, at least invest in a rolling file cart to store active paperwork and a two-drawer file cabinet for family records. Store the rolling file cart wherever it is most co
26、nvenient and comfortable to do your work, whether that is the kitchen, office, or family room. 3 When in doubt, throw it out. The first step to implementing a workable filing system is to eliminate paper you dont use, dont need, or that you could easily access again elsewhere. Throw out duplicate st
27、atements, old catalogs, and all of the coupons, mailings, or offerings you never have an opportunity to use or even read. 4 Set aside two days a month to pay bills. If a monthly due date doesn t fit into your cycle, call up the creditor and suggest a more convenient date. Keep two manila folders at
28、the front of your system for current billsone to correspond with each bill-paying dayand file all incoming bills. Keep a list in the front of each folder of what needs to be paid in case the invoice never arrives or gets misplaced. 5 Think of your filing system not as a rigid tool, but as a living,
29、breathing system that can accommodate your changing needs. A good filing system is both mentally and physically flexible. Everyones needs are different, says Denton, but when devising a filing system, ask yourself : “Where would I look for this?“ Create main headings for your filing system, such as
30、Investments, Taxes, Children, and so forth, and file individual folders under the main headings. Never overstuff your files. A. Find a place to work onB. Implementing a workable filing systemC. What is a good filing systemD. The introduction of paper chaseE. Get rid of unimportant thingsF. Dealing w
31、ith bills16 Paragraph 1_. 17 Paragraph2_. 18 Paragraph3_. 19 Paragraph 4_. 20 Paragraph5_. 20 A. they are uselessB. in paper chaseC. that it is easily reachedD. that different people have different requirementsE. they are not comfortableF. runing a business21 Running a house is akin to_. 22 Stephani
32、e Denton is an expert_. 23 You can put your file cart anywhere you like, on condition_. 24 Coupons should be thrown away because_. 25 “Mentally flexible indicates the fact_. 四、填句补文25 Mt. Desert IslandThe coast of the State of Maine is one of the most irregular in the world. A straight line running f
33、rom the southernmost coastal city to the northern most coastal city would measure about 225 miles. If you followed the coastline between these points, you would travel more than ten times as far. This irregularity is the result of what is called a drowned coastline. 【T1】_At that time, the whole area
34、 that is now Maine was part of a mountain range that towered above the sea. As the glacier(冰川)descended, however, it expended enormous force on those mountains, and they sank into the sea. As the mountains sank, ocean, water charged over the lowest parts of the remaining land, former a series of twi
35、sting inlets and lagoons(咸水湖). The highest parts of the former mountain in range, rest the shore, remained as islands【T2 】_Marine fossils found here were 225 feet above sea level, indicating the level of the shoreline prior to the glacier. The 2, 500-mile-long rocky coastline of Maine keeps watch ov
36、er nearly two thousand islands. Many of these islands are tiny and uninhabited, but many are home to thriving communities. Mt Desert Island is one of the largest, most beautiful of the Maine coast islands. Measuring 16 miles by 12 miles. Mt. Desert was essentially formed as two distinct islands【T3】_
37、. For years, Mt. Desert Island, particularly its major settlement, Bar Harbor, afforded summer homes for the wealthy. Recently though, Bar Harbor has become a rapidly growing arts community as well. But, the best part of the island is the unspoiled forest land known as Acadia National Park. Because
38、tile island sits on the boundary line between the temperate(温带)and subarctic zones, the island suppers the plants and animals of both zones as well as beach inland, and alpine(高山的)plants. 【T4】_The establishment of Acadia National Park in 1916 means that this natural reserve will be perpetually avail
39、able to all people, not just the wealthy. Visitors to Acadia may receive nature instruction from the park naturalists as well as enjoy camping, cycling and boating. Or they may choose to spend time at the archeological museum, learning about the Stone Age inhabitants of the island. The best view on
40、Mt. Desert Island is from the top of Cadillac Mountain. 【T5】_From the summit, you can gaze back toward the mainland or out over the Atlantic Ocean and contemplate the beauty created by a retreating glacier. A. It also lies in a major bird migration lane and is a resting spot for many birds. B. Mt. D
41、esert island is one of the most famous of all the islands left behind by the glacier. C. The wealthy residents of Mt. Desert Island selfishly kept it to themselves. D. The term comes from the activity of the ice age. E. This mountain rises 1, 532 feet, making it the highest mountain on the Atlantic
42、seaboard. F. It is split almost in half by Somes Sound, a deep and narrow stretch of water, seven miles long. 26 【T1】27 【T2】28 【T3】29 【T4】30 【T5】五、填词补文30 Many people believe the glare from snow causes snow blindness. However, the U. S. Army has now【B1】_that glare from snow does not cause snowblindne
43、ss in troops in a snow covered country. Rather, a man s eyes frequently find nothing to focus on in a broad【B2】_of barren snowcovered terrain. So his gaze continually【B3】_and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of something to look at. Finding nothing, the eyes never stop search
44、ing and the eyeballs become【B4】_and the eye muscles ache. Nature【B5】_this irritation by producing more fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid covers the eyeball in【B6 】_quantity until vision blurs, then is【 B7】_, and the result is snow blindness. Experiments led the Army to a simple method of ove
45、rcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape. Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight, dark colored objects【B8】_on which they too can focus. The men following c
46、an then see something . Their gaze is【B9】_. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see, stop scouring the snow-blanketed landscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time, the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snow-blind or【B10】_. In this way the probl
47、em of crossing a solid white terrain is overcome. A. lostB. blurredC. increasingD. surveyedE. determinedF. arrestedG. shifts H. obscured I. expanse J. offsets K. aheadL. sore31 【B1 】32 【B2 】33 【B3 】34 【B4 】35 【B5 】36 【B6 】37 【B7 】38 【B8 】39 【B9 】40 【B10 】六、完形补文40 Born in 1982 in Melbourne, Australia
48、, without any medical explanation or warning , Nicholas Vujicic came into the world with neither arms nor legs. Having had an【C1】_(event)pregnancy and no family history to expect this condition, imagine the shock his parents felt when they saw their first born, brand new baby boy, only to find he wa
49、s what the world would consider imperfect and【C2】_ (normal). How would their son live a normal, happy life? What could he ever do or become when living with what the world would see as such a【C3】_(mass)disability ? Little did they know that this beautiful【C4】_(limb)baby would one day be someone who would inspire and【C5】_(motive)people from
