1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 29 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 The Mind-Body ConnectionsNorman Cousins was a famous American magazine editor. In 1964, he returned from an overseas trip and then became very ill. In the hospital, he had terrible pain and couldn t move his body. Doctors told him he had a serious disease called ankylosi
2、ng spondylitis(强直性脊柱炎)and said he had only 1 chance in 500 of surviving. They gave him powerful drugs, but his condition only got worse. Cousins had read about a theory that negative emotions can harm your health. He believed that positive emotions were good for one s health, and he decided to try a
3、n experiment. He would fill his days with good feelings and laughter and see if that might improve his condition. He left the hospital and moved into a hotel room. There, he got a large supply of funny TV programs and copies of old Marx Brothers movies and cartoons. He also hired a nurse to read fun
4、ny stories to him. His plan was to spend the whole day laughing and thinking about happy things. On his first night in the hotel, Cousins found that laughing at the movies helped his body produce chemicals that reduced pain. For the first time in weeks, he could sleep comfortably for a few hours. Ev
5、ery time the pain came back, he watched another funny movie and laughed until he felt better. Over time, Cousins was able to measure changes in his body with blood tests. He found that the harmful chemicals in his body decreased at least 5 percent every time he watched a funny movie. After a short t
6、ime, he was able to stop taking all of his medications. Finally his condition improved so much that he could go back to work. Cousins later wrote a book about how laughter and happiness helped him to survive a deadly illness. Many people didn t believe his story and said that his doctors were wrong
7、about his disease . But since then, research has found that emotions do have a strong effect on physical health, and experiments found that laughter can help to reduce pain. Scientists today are working to understand the ways that our minds affect our bodies.1 Norman Cousins became ill while he was
8、traveling in another country.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given2 Doctors told Cousins that he would probably die from his disease.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given3 Drugs helped to stop the pain of Cousins disease.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given4 Cousins started watching movies because he was bored.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given5
9、When Cousins stayed in hospital, he asked a nurse to read funny stories for him.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given6 Cousins found that laughing can help to reduce his pain.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given7 Cousins spent a lot of time laughing every day.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given8 Movies were better than funny stories f
10、or stopping pain.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given9 Cousins condition improved and went back to work at last.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given10 When Cousins wrote his book. everyone agreed with him.（A）True（B）假（C） Not Given二、阅读选择10 Will there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent of conversation at Einst
11、ein memorial meetings throughout the year. “A new Einstein will emerge, “ scientists say. But it may take a long time. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival, Isaac Newton. Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn t been born yet, or is a baby now. That s because
12、the quest for a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created before the problem can be solved. But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon. For one thi
13、ng, physics is a much different field today. In Einstein s day, there were only a few thousand physicists worldwide, and the theoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into a streetcar with seats to spare. Education is different, too. One crucial aspect of Einstein s tr
14、aining that is overlooked is the years of philosophy he read as a teenagerKant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn t long before he became a philosopher himself. “The independence created by philosophical
15、insight isin my opinionthe mark of distinction between a mere artisan(工匠)or specialist and a real seeker after truth, “ Einstein wrote in 1944. And he was an accomplished musician. The interplay between music and math is well known. Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think through
16、a knotty physics problem. Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There arent many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practicaland rewardingefforts. “Maybe there is an Einstein out there today, “ said Colu
17、mbia University physicist Brian Greene, “but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard. “Especially considering what Einstein was proposing. “The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea!“ Greene said at a recent gathering at the Aspen Institute. “It takes a certain type of p
18、erson who will bang his head against the wall because you believe you 11 find the solution. “Perhaps the best examples are the five scientific papers Einstein wrote in his “miracle year“ of 1905. These “thought experiments“ were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal A
19、nnalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations. What might happen to such a submission today?“We all get papers like those in the mail, “ Greene said. “We put them in the junk file. “11 What do scientists seem to agree upon, judging from the first two paragraphs?（A）Eins
20、tein pushed mathematics almost to its limits.（B） It will take another Einstein to build a unified theory.（C） No physicist is likely to surpass Einstein in the next 200 years.（D）It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges. 12 What was critical to Einstein s success?（A）His talent as an accompli
21、shed musician.（B） His independent and abstract thinking.（C） His untiring effort to fulfill his potential.（D）His solid foundation in math theory. 13 What does the author tell us about physicists today?（A）They tend to neglect training in analytical skills.（B） They are very good at solving practical pr
22、oblems.（C） They attach great importance to publishing academic papers.（D）They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits. 14 What does Brian Greene imply by saying “. . . it would be a lot harder for him to be heard. “(Lines 1-2, Para. 9)?（A）People have to compete in order to get their
23、 papers published.（B） It is hard for a scientist to have his papers published today.（C） Papers like Einstein s would unlikely get published today.（D）Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories. 15 When he submitted his papers in 1905, Einstein_.（A）forgot to make footnotes and citations
24、（B） was little known in academic circles（C） was known as a young genius in math calculations（D）knew nothing about the format of academic papers三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 The iPad1 The iPad is a tablet computer(平板电脑)designed and developed by Apple. It is particularly marketed as a platform for audio and visual
25、media such as books, periodicals, movies, music , and games, as well as web content. At about 1. 5 pounds(680 grams), its size and weight are between those of most contemporary smartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the iPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days. 2 Th
26、e iPad runs the same operating system as iPod Touch and iPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for iPhone. Without modification, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store. 3 Like iPhone and iPod Touch, the iPad is controlled by a mult
27、itouch displaya break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a pressuretriggered stylus(触控笔). The iPad uses a WiFi data connection to browse(浏览 )the Internet, load and stream media, and install Software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to GSM 3G data ne
28、tworks. The device is managed and synchronized by iTunes on a personal computer via USB cable. 4 An iPad has different features and applications One can use to execute different and interesting things. There are lots of iPad appliations that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate. Som
29、e of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options. One of the most common uses is foremail services. iPad applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts . 5 While the iPad is mo
30、stly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users. Some companies are adopting iPads in their business offices by distributing or making available iP-ads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients, medical professionals accessing health rec
31、ords during patient exams, and managers approving employee requests. A survey by Frost for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the【C2】_(judge), and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the【C3】_(
32、plot)and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are【 C4】_(learn). To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are【C5】_(perfect)by experience: for
33、 natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; and studies【C6 】_(them), do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but tha
34、t is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by【C7】_(observe). Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be【C8 】_(swallow), and some few to be chewed and digested; that
35、 is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not【C9 】_(curious); and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them bothers; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner
36、sort of books, else distilled books are like common distilled waters, 【C10】_(flash)things.41 【C1 】42 【C2 】43 【C3 】44 【C4 】45 【C5 】46 【C6 】47 【C7 】48 【C8 】49 【C9 】50 【C10 】七、短文写作51 Write a short essay with a clear central idea and effective development in about 150 words. You should based your writin
37、g on the following information and give consideration to the unity, coherence and variety of each paragraph. I have a pile of used electronic devices, tangled with USB lines, lying at home. I may carry on the Chinese tradition of thrift, but it is difficult for me to dispose of the obsolete e-gadget
38、s in an environmental friendly manner. China is arguably the worlds second largest generator of e-waste. It generates 2. 3 million tons of such waste every year. A United Nations Environment Programme report says computer waste in China will increase by 400 percent from 2007 to 2020. But perhaps mor
39、e worrying than the mounting e-waste is the absence of effective recycling channels and a comprehensive e-waste management system in China.自考英语（二）模拟试卷 29 答案与解析一、阅读判断1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 查找重要信息。题干：诺曼科赛因去别的国家旅行时生病了。根据文章第 1 段第 1、2 句“NormanCousins was a famous American magazine editor In 1964，he returned fr
40、om an overseas trip and then became very ill”可知，诺曼科赛因是海外旅行回来后生病的。题干叙述错误，故选 B。2 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 推断关键信息。题干：医生告诉科赛因他很可能因病而死。根据文章第 1 段第 3 句“Doctorstold him he had a serious disease called ankylosing spondylitis and said he had only 1 chance in 500 of surviving”可知，他只有1500 的存活机会，所以题干中医生说他很可能会死去是正确的。故选 A。3
41、【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 推断关键信息。题干：药物帮助科赛因止疼。根据文章第 1 段最后一句 They gave him powerful drugs，but his condition only got worse，可知使用药物并没有使科赛因的情况变好。所以题干陈述错误，故选 B。4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 查找细节信息。题干：科赛因看电视是因为他太无聊了。根据文章第 2 段数第 2、3 句“hedecided to try an experimentHe would fill his days with good feelings and laughter and see if
42、that mightimprove his condition”可知他看电视是想带来欢笑，并期望借此能够缓解他的病情，而并不是为了打发无聊的时光。所以题干陈述错误。故选 B。5 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 推断关键信息。题干：科赛因在医院时请了一名护士为他读一些有趣好笑的故事。根据文章第 3 段前 3 句可知，科赛因离开医院住进了一家旅馆，在那里雇请了一名护士每天为他读一些有趣好笑的故事。所以题干叙述不正确，故选B。6 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 查找重要信息。题干：科赛因发现笑可以帮助他减轻疼痛。根据文章第 3 段倒数第 3 句“Onhis first night in the hote
43、lCousins found that laughing at the movies helped his body produce chemicalsthat reduced pain”即在住进宾馆的第一天晚上科赛因就发现笑可以帮他减轻疼痛，可知题干叙述正确，故选 A。7 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 推断关键信息。题干：科赛因每天花很多时间去笑。根据文章第 2段最后一句“He would fillhis days with good feelings and laughter”和第 3 段第 4 句“His plan was to spend the whole day laughinga
44、nd thinking about happy things”，可知他要让每一天都充满欢笑。所以题干叙述正确，故选 A。8 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 快速检索信息。题干：电影比幽默故事的止疼效果更好。文中并没有提及电影和幽默故事哪个对止疼更有效。故选 C。9 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 查找细节信息。题干：科赛因的身体状况大大改善最后回归工作。根据文章第 4 段最后 1 句“Finally his condition improved so much that he could go back to work”即科赛因的身体状况大大改善最后回归工作，可知题干叙述正确，故选 A。10 【正
45、确答案】 B【试题解析】 推断关键信息。题干：当科赛因出书后，每个人都同意他的观点。根据文章第 5 段第 2 句“Manypeople didnt believe his story and said that his doctors were wrong about his disease”，可知诺曼 科赛因的书出版后，很多人认为是医生误诊了，并不相信他的痊愈是因为“欢笑疗法”所起的作用。所以题干陈述错误，故选 B。二、阅读选择11 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 推理判断题。根据题干关键词 scientists 和 agree upon 定位到文章第 1 段第 3、4 句和第 2 段首句。文
46、中说科学家们认为一个新的爱因斯坦一定会出现，只是时间问题，即一个新的爱因斯坦出现还需要一段时间，故选 D。文中说的是目前数学已经到了极限，而不是爱因斯坦把数学推向了极限，故排除 A；B 是对文中“Thats because the quest for a unified theory that would account for all theforces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits”一句设置的干扰项；文中说的是爱因斯坦距离其最近的可相提并论的伟人牛顿也有二百多年的时间距离，这并不能说明未来 200 年不可能有物
47、理学家超过爱因斯坦，故排除 C。12 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词 critical，success 定位到文章第5 段第 2、3 句。根据文章内容可知，他青年时期用了几年时间来研习康德、叔本华和斯宾诺森等人的哲学理论。这些理论教会他如何对时空进行独立而抽象的思考，这对他的成功非常重要，故选 B。文中提到说爱因斯坦还是位杰出的音乐家，他会在狂怒地演奏他的小提琴时彻底地全面考虑棘手的物理问题，但这并不是他成功的关键因素，故排除 A；文中未提及 C 他为实现潜能进行的不知疲倦的努力；文中只是讲了现在数学到了极限以及音乐与数学的相互影响，并没有提到爱因斯坦在这方面的坚
48、实基础，故也排除 D13 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词 physicists today 定位到文中第8 段第 2 句。该处说现在大学培训出来的数以百万计的物理学家们转向华尔街和硅谷，把他们的分析技能应用到更实用也更有回报的工作中，故选 D。文中只是说了爱因斯坦接受过多年的哲学学习，具有独立分析思考问题的能力，但并没说现在的物理学家缺乏分析技巧方面的训练，故排除 A；文中说他们会把自己的分析技巧应用到更实用的工作中，故排除 B 文中说了爱因斯坦那时候发表论文要容易一些，而现在大量的论文被忽视，故排除 C。14 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 推理判断题。根据题干中
49、的 Line 2Para 9 定位到文章第 9 段第二句本题问布赖恩格林在说“对他来说想出名要难得多”时暗示什么?根据接下来举的爱因斯坦的五份论文的例子不难判断，现在这个年代有很多像当年爱因斯坦写的那种论文，但这都被放到了垃圾文件中，不难说明现在科学家们要想发表他们的论文非常困难，故选 B。文中只是说这种论文很难受到赏识，但并没说人们为了发表论文需要竞争，排除 A、C 具有较大的干扰性。应注意的是，本句话的目的主要是为了说明现在的人成为爱因斯坦困难，发表论文也困难，并不是说爱因斯坦如果在这个时代会怎么样，故应排除；文中说很多人都在邮件中收到过这样的论文，然后就把他们放到了垃圾文件中。但并不是说这些理论明显可笑，故也排除 D。15 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 推理判断题。根据题干关键词 1905 定位到文章倒数第 3 段最后两句。该处说这些“思想实验”是无数页签字提交给很有声望的杂志(物理学年鉴的计算，那时候他完全不出名，说明他在学术圈里没什么有名气，故选 B。文中说论文没加脚注和引证，但并不是因为他忘记了，故排除 A；文中未提及他在发表论
