1、自考英语（二）综合模拟试卷 10 及答案与解析一、填句补文0 How Long Can a Human Survive Without Water and Food?People do not need food as much as they do water. In fact, they can survive quite a long time without it depending on many factors. 【T1】_Indian leader Gandhi once fasted(禁食; 戒斋)for three weeks. According to medical ex
2、perts people can survive without food for up to two months, as long as they have enough to drink. If you are strong and in good physical shape you are likely to survive longer, because the body stores fat, carbohydrates and other forms of energy. 【T2】_Surviving without food also depends on how fast
3、a person burns food. Those who use up food energy faster will probably not survive as long as those who burn food more slowly. Climate also plays an important role in survival. 【T3】_A hot climate allows you to go on longer without replacing food.Eating too little for a long time causes your body to
4、react in some special ways. 【T4】_After many weeks without food your body organs can fail one after the other.【T5】_We constantly lose water through sweat, urine, breathing and other activities. If it is very hot your body can dehydrate within a matter of hours. The water and minerals the body loses m
5、ust be replaced so that our organs can work as they should. Water helps us cool down in the heat; otherwise we would suffer from a heat stroke. Doctors also tell us to drink a lot when we are ill and have fever.Dehydration can lead to many illnesses, from too little urine to a dry mouth, a fast hear
6、tbeat or even vomiting. Shock comes at the end of dehydration. The body becomes cool and blood pressure goes down rapidly.Doctors recommend drinking one to three liters of water a day, depending on the climate and how much you sweat or exercise. You should never go on without water for a day or more
7、.A. Living without water is a very different story.B. Water is primary condition of the human survival and lifeline of the national economy.C. Cold weather makes you use up more energy.D. It may lead to physical weakness or confusion.E. History has shown that people can go on for weeks without eatin
8、g anything.F. That is why fatter people can survive longer.1 【T1】2 【T2】3 【T3】4 【T4】5 【T5】二、填词补文5 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking? Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many countries, cell phones are very【B1 】_with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of co
9、mmunication, 【B2】_a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected. The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professionals【B3】_Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may【B4】_health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been
10、a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no【B5 】_that mobile phones are bad for your health. On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile ph
11、ones? Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be【B6】_with modern scanning(扫描)equipment. What makes mobile phones potentially【B7】_? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of【B8】_from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some rad
12、iation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about. As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it s best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you【B9 】_need it. Mobile phones can be v
13、ery useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it s wise not to【B10】_your mobile phone too often.6 【B1 】7 【B2 】8 【B3 】9 【B4 】10 【B5 】11 【B6 】12 【B7 】13 【B8 】14 【B9 】15 【B10 】三、完形补文15 Stud
14、ents PressureStudents【C1】_ (press)sometimes comes from their parents. Most parents are well meaning, but some of them arent very【C2】_(help)with the problems their sons and daughters have in【C3】_(adjust)to college. And a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their children s difficulties.
15、For one thing, parents are often not aware of the【C4】_(variety)problems their children face. They don t realize that the【C5 】_(compete)is keener, that the【C6】_(require)standards of work are higher, and that their children may not be prepared for the change.【C7 】_(accustom)to seeing A s and B s on th
16、e high school report cards, they may be upset when their children s first semester college grades are below that level. Sometimes parents regard their children as【C8】_(extend)of themselves, and think it only right and natural that they determine what their children do with their lives. In their【C9】_
17、(involve)and identification with their children, they forget that everyone is different, and that each person must develop in his or her own way. They forget that their children, who are now young adults, must be the ones【 C10】_(responsibility)for what they do and what they are.16 【C1 】17 【C2 】18 【C
18、3 】19 【C4 】20 【C5 】21 【C6 】22 【C7 】23 【C8 】24 【C9 】25 【C10 】四、短文写作26 目前环境保护还存在很多问题，各种各样的污染对人类的健康十分有害。为了更有效地保护环境，政府还可以采取什么样的措施?请结合下图，以 Protect the Environment 为题写一篇 150 词左右的英语短文。自考英语（二）综合模拟试卷 10 答案与解析一、填句补文1 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 根据文中空格前“People do not need food as much as they do waterIn fact，they cansurviv
19、e quite a long time without it depending on many factors( 人们需要的食物并不像对水的需求那样多，事实上没有食物，他们可以依赖于许多因素存活相当长的时间)”；以及空格后印度领导人甘地的例子，可知选项 E 最符合逻辑。2 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 联系空格前内容举例，以及空格所处段落的主题句“People do not need food as muchas they do water”，可知选项中 F 最符合逻辑。3 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据空格所处段落的主题句“Surviving without food also dep
20、ends on how fast a personburns food(没有食物生存也取决于一个人的身体消化食物的速度)” ；以及空格后“A hotclimate allows you to go on longer without replacing food( 炎热的气候允许在没有食物的支持下坚持更久 )”，两者联系，选项 C 最符合逻辑。 4 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 空格前“Eating too little for a long time causes your body to react in some special ways(很长一段时间吃得太少，会使你的身体出现特殊的反应
21、)”；以及空格后“After many weekswithout food your body organs can fail one after the other( 经过几个星期没有食物后，你的身体器官可能会接二连三地衰退)”，两者联系，选项 D 最符合逻辑。5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 空格处于段首句，根据空格后“We constantly lose water through sweat，urine ，breathingand other activities(我们不断通过汗液、尿液、呼吸和其他活动失去水分)”，得知选项 A 最符合逻辑。二、填词补文6 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】
22、 此处需要填一个与 with 搭配的形容词。备选单词共有四个形容词：popular 意思是“受欢迎的”，通常的搭配是 be popular with；famous 意思是“出名的”，通常的搭配是 be famousfor；worried 意思是“担心的，担忧的”；harmful 意思是“有害的”。此处选 popular 既符合词组搭配又符合原句意思：“在很多国家，手机很受年轻人欢迎”，因此此处应选 B。7 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从语法角度分析此句发现此处需要填动名词作主语，备选单词中只有 having 一个动名词，故选 having。having 非常适合此句句意： “拥有一个手机显示
23、他们很酷并与外界联系很广”，因此此题应选 A。8 【正确答案】 J【试题解析】 此处旨在考查使役动词 make 的用法：make+ 宾语+adjv， make 后面接形容词或动词原形作宾语补足语。动词 suffer 和 use 是及物动词，后面需要宾语，此处后面没有宾语，故排除；work 放在此处意思不对，也排除；形容词 popular 已用，famous 放在此处意思不对，也排除，所以此处正确答案是 worried，worried 最适合此句句意：“手机的大量使用让一些健康专家们颇为担忧”，因此应选 J。9 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此处情态动词 may 后需要接动词原形作谓语，而且这个
24、动词还必须与 from 搭配，纵观备选单词中的三个动词：work，use ，suffer，只有 suffer from 是固定词组，意思是“遭受的痛苦”。顺承上句，此句意思是“一些医生也担心人们会遭受一些因使用手机带来的健康问题”，因此此题应选 C。10 【正确答案】 I【试题解析】 此处需要填一个名词，no 后面肯定要接名词。备选单词中有两个名词：radiation 意思是“辐射”，proof 意思是“证明，证据 ”，根据上下文语境和意思不难判断 proof 为正确选项，此句意思是“手机公司说没有任何证据表明手机对人体健康有害”，因此此题应选 I。11 【正确答案】 L【试题解析】 通过分析
25、此句发现此处旨在考查情态动词与被动语态的用法，can be 后面需要接动词的过去分词，备选单词中只有 detected 一个过去分词，detect原意是“检测，发现”，此句意思是“大脑和头部组织的变化迹象可以用现代扫描检测设备检测出来”，因此此处应选 L。12 【正确答案】 H【试题解析】 此处需要填一个形容词作 make 的宾语补足语，备选单词中的形容词 popular 和 worried 已用过还剩 famous 和 harmful，根据文章上下文意思，此处选 harmful 最适合句意：“那什么是手机潜在的危害呢?”famous 放在此处句意不通，只是个干扰项，因此此题应选 H。13 【
26、正确答案】 D【试题解析】 此处需要填一个名词。此句前面已提到“辐射是造成手机有害性潜在的危害”，顺承上句意思，此句作者意思是“高科技机器能检测出来手机里的少量辐射”，因此此处填 radiation(辐射)适合句意；此外，用排除法也能得出 radiation为此题答案，因为备选单词中只有两个名词，proof 前面已用，现在只剩下radiation，因此此题应选 D。14 【正确答案】 G【试题解析】 此句不缺少句子的主要成分，需要填一个副词来修饰动词 need，备选单词只有 really 一个副词，really 也非常适合此句句意：“当你真正需要手机时再使用手机”，因此此题应选 G。15 【正
27、确答案】 E【试题解析】 此处需要填一个及物动词，备选单词有三个动词：work ，use 和suffer，suffer 已用过，故排除；work 常用作不及物动词，后面不能接宾语，故也排除。use 为此题正确答案，此句意思是“因此现在，明智的做法是尽量少使用手机”，因此此题选 E。三、完形补文16 【正确答案】 pressure【试题解析】 本句空白处放在名词所有格 students后面提示需要填入名词，另外分析本句句法可以发现本句主语不完整，因此应将提示词动词 press 加上后缀一ure 改成名词 pressure。17 【正确答案】 helpful【试题解析】 本句空白处放在副词 ver
28、y 后以及介词 with 前，分析本句句法可以发现主谓结构完整，提示词动词 help 应变形填入空白处。因此将提示词动词加上后缀一 ful 改成形容词 helpful 符合句意。18 【正确答案】 adjusting【试题解析】 本句空白处放在介词 in 后面，提示词动词不能直接填入空白处。因此，把提示词动词 adjust 加上一 ing 填入空白处符合语法规则。19 【正确答案】 various【试题解析】 本句空白处放在名词 problems 前面以及定冠词 the 后面提示须填入形容词，因此，将提示词名词 variety 改成形容词 various 填入空白处符合句意。20 【正确答案】
29、 competition【试题解析】 分析本句句法可以发现本句的空白处在宾语从句的主语位置上，另外空白处在定冠词 the 后面，因此将提示词动词 compete 改成名词 competition 补充完整主语符合语法要求。21 【正确答案】 required【试题解析】 本句句法结构完整，成分没有缺失。此句空白处放在名词standards 前面，根据句意判断得知，需要将提示词动词 require 改成形容词来修饰名词 standards。因此把动词 re-quire 加上一 ed 改成 required(需要的)来修饰standards，意为对工作的要求。22 【正确答案】 Accustome
30、d【试题解析】 分析本句空白处应联想到一个重要短语，be accustomed to doing sth(习惯于做某事)，另外本句的空白处出现在状语从句的位置上，把提示词动词accustom 改成 accustomed 放在句首即可。另外该空白处放在句首，应注意首字母大写。23 【正确答案】 extensions【试题解析】 分析本句句法结构可以发现，本句空白处实际上是要求把短语regard sth assth补充完整。提示词动词 extend 须改成名词 extension，另外修饰 extension 的定语 of themselves 提示填入的名词应该是复数 extensions。24
31、 【正确答案】 involvement【试题解析】 本句空白处放在代词 their 的后面提示需要填入名词，另外并列连词 and 提示 and 前后的词汇词性应保持一致，因此把提示词动词 involve 加上后缀一 ment 改成名词 involvement 即可。25 【正确答案】 responsible【试题解析】 分析本句句法发现，此空白处考查短语 be responsible for sth( 对某事负责)。同时，也可理解为 ones 作先行词省略掉 who is 的定语从句，因此将提示词名词 responsibility 改成形容词 responsible 即可。四、短文写作26 【
32、正确答案】 Protect the EnvironmentIn recent years, various environmental problems are affecting us all the time. Living environment is getting worse. We are about to run out of natural resources and at the same time chemicals have caused irreversible damage to our planet. If we continue, we can no longer
33、 survive.In order to protect it, I came up with several measures. First of all, we should make the public aware of the serious situation caused by the poor environmental conditions. Each individual is responsible for this problem. Second, the government should take more effective measures to reduce
34、pollution. For example, many countries have established laws to protect the air, water and many other resources and to stop the environmental pollution. Of course the law is indeed a powerful tool. Third, we should recover the contaminated land. Now that we have damaged it, we should make up for it.After all, this planet is our home. We must take great care of it for both ourselves and other creatures.
