1、自考英语（二）综合模拟试卷 1 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 EL NinoWhile some forecasting methods had limited success predicting the 1997 EL Nino(厄尔尼诺现象，指赤道东太平洋南美沿岸海水温度剧烈上升的现象。)a few months in advance, the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large EL Nino events up to two years in advance. That would be
2、good news for governments, farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that EL Nino can produce in various parts of the world.Using a computer, the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later EL Nino occurrences(发生)between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anti
3、cipate EL Nino events dating back to 1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures. The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature.The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C. Weare, a meteorologist(气象学家)at the University of California, Davis, who was not involved
4、in the work, said, “ It suggests EL Nino is indeed predictable. “ This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods, “ said Weare. He added that the new method “makes it possible to predict EL Nino at long lead(提前的 )times“. Other models also use sea-surface temperature
5、s, but they have not looked as far back because they need other data, which is only available for recent decades, Weare said.The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacific is of immense importance. The 1997 EL Nino, for example, caused an estimated $20 billion in damage world wide, of
6、fset(抵消)by beneficial effects in other areas, said David Anderson, of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts in Reading, England. The 1877 EL Nino, meanwhile, coincided(同时发生)with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China, prompting
7、 the development of seasonal forecasting, Anderson said.When EL Nino hit in 1991 and 1997, 200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone, according to a 2002 United Nations report.While predicting smaller EL Nino events remains tricky(复杂的), the ability to predict larger ones should be
8、increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed.EL Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February. The warming tends to last between 9 and 12 months and occurs every two to seven years.The new forecasting method does not predict any major
9、EL Nino events in the next two years, although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possible.1 The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict EL Nino a few months in advance.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given2 The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the p
10、ast EL Nino occurrences and sea-surface temperatures.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given3 The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past EL Nino occurrences.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given4 Weare s contribution in predicting EL Nino was highly praised by other meteorolog
11、ists.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given5 According to Weare, Columbia University researchers have found the best way to predict large EL Nino events.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given6 According to a Chinese report, the flooding in China caused by EL Nino in 1991 and 1997 affected 200 million Chinese people.（A）真（B）假（C） Not G
12、iven7 In 1997, EL Nino caused about $20 billion in damage worldwide.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given8 It takes about eight months for EL Nino to reach its peak.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given9 Predicting smaller EL Nino events is possible if the new method is confirmed.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given10 A special institute has bee
13、n set up in America to study EL Nino.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given二、阅读选择10 Schooling and EducationIt is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction bet
14、ween schooling and education implied by this remark is important. Education is much more open-ended(开放的)and all-inclusive(包罗万象的)than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor(拖拉机). It includes both the
15、formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist.Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quit
16、e often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions.People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the st
17、art of school, and one that should be an integral part of one s entire life.Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned
18、 seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For examp
19、le, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.11 Which of the following is
20、 true according to the author?（A）School is the place where people get informal education.（B） Education means schooling.（C） Education can be both formal and informal.（D）Going to school is the only way to receive education.12 Education is different from schooling in that_.（A）the former is predictable
21、while the latter is not（B） the former is specific while the latter is not（C） the former is a formalized process while the latter is not（D）the former is more open-ended and all-inclusive than the latter13 When does education begin?（A）Before one enters school.（B） After one enters school.（C） After one
22、graduates from college.（D）After one retires from work.14 The fact that children arrive at school at about the same time shows that_.（A）schooling imposes a lot of strain on the students（B） schooling has a clear boundary（C） schooling follows more or less the same pattern（D）schooling includes different
23、 aspects of learning15 What is the author s attitude toward schooling?（A）Positive.（B） Negative.（C） Neutral(中立的).（D）Supportive.三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 McGrady s Wonderful Art(1)McGrady is an American professional basketball player who currently plays for the Qingdao Eagles of the Chinese Basketball Associati
24、on. He previously played for the Toronto Raptors, Orlando Magic, Houston Rockets, New York Knicks, Detroit Pistons, and Atlanta Hawks of the National Basketball Association(NBA).(2)When Tracy McGrady is healthy, his play can be so beautiful that even his own teammates on the court cannot help but ad
25、mire itin the middle of a game. “It s hard for me, because I m a fan of basketball, “ Houston point guard Rafer Alston told the Houston Chronicle newspaper after McGradys 44-point performance against Utah on January 5. “When he s shooting the ball like that, a lot of times I m standing there watchin
26、g and, all of a sudden, the other team s getting the ball and going on a fast break, and I m getting yelled at by the coach. “ Indeed, McGrady s body control , his energy, his shootingwatching these are like watching an artist at work. blending colors, constructing sentences, or playing music.(3)Unf
27、ortunately, McGrady, 27, hasn t always been on the job. Already this season, he s missed seven games with back spasms. After Yao Ming was injured on Dec. 23, it appeared Houston would be without both of its stars. McGrady, however, relumed three days later and has been playing well ever since, scori
28、ng more than 30 points in each of the last six games, as of Tuesday. Houston cant seem to get on without him. When McGrady was injured, the Rockets won two and lost five.(4)“ Listen, there are only four or five people on the entire planet that can do the things he can do with the basketball, “ forwa
29、rd Shane Battier said of McGrady. “ From a fan s perspectiveand we re fans even though we re playersit s really fun to watch him do that. From a player s perspective, his game can affect the entire team. No question. We see him, and we get excited, and that pumps us up. He keeps making shots, and su
30、ddenly it seems to become easier for everybody.(5)But it wont, really. Houston has just begun an important stretch on their schedule. Four of the next seven games will be played away from Houstonand without Yao. Six of the games will be against teams with winning records. Opponents will doubleteam M
31、cGrady in an attempt to dull the impact of his art. Instead of watching, McGrady s teammates will need to create a little art of their own.A. Players Houston Can t Do Without McGrady B. Wonderful Performance on the CourtC. Evaluation from Two Different PerspectivesD. Necessity for the Teammates to I
32、mprove Their Own SkillsE. Who is McGradyF. Yao Ming s Performance16 Paragraph(1):17 Paragraph(2):18 Paragraph(3):19 Paragraph(4):20 Paragraph(5): 20 A. who can play basketball so wellB. because he had been injuredC. if Houston hopes to winD. an artist at workE. that he is often yelled at by the coac
33、hF. that his teammates cannot help admiring him21 McGrady plays basketball so well_.22 Watching McGrady playing basketball is like watching_.23 Yao Ming missed several games_.24 There are very few people on the Earth_.25 Everyone will have to contribute_.自考英语（二）综合模拟试卷 1 答案与解析一、阅读判断1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 利
34、用题干句中的特征词 Columbia University researchers 作为线索，发现相关句“theColumbia University researchers say their method can predict large EL Nino events up to two years inadvance”题干句说“提前几个月”，而原文说“最远能提前两年”，由此可见题干句的内容中有与原文不一致的地方，“a few months in advance”是一个从其他句子中借来的干扰信息，因此判断题干句不正确。2 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 利用题干句中关键词 EL Nino
35、occurrences 和 seasurface temperatures 为线索，发现相关句“Using a computer，the researchers matched seasurface temperatures to later EL Nino occurFences between 1980 and 2000”题干句的含义基本上与文中原句的内容一致；还需要辨别 theresearchers是否就是 The Columbia University researchers，查找后发现，前文中出现的就是theColumbia University researchers，题干句的内容
36、都与原文呼应，因此判断该句的说法正确。3 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 该题涉及的内容和前面出现的问题有关，the first 是题干句的关键词，利用该词作为线索查找原文，发现文章中并没有出现这个词。因此再利用题干句出现的其他特征词 seasurfacetemperatures 为线索继续查找原文，发现下文新的相关句“Other models also use sea-surfacetemperatures，but”，但根据此句并不能推断出其他的方法比 the Columbia University researchers 使用的方法晚，因此判断题干句的说法没提到。4 【正确答案】 C【试题解
37、析】 利用题干句中出现的特征词 Weare 作为线索查找原文，发现 3 个相关句，都集中在第三和第四自然段，但是这些涉及 Weare 的句子在内容上都没有讲述他是否在预测厄尔尼诺现象方面作出了贡献，也没有提到他的贡献是否得到了其他气象学家的高度赞扬。因此判断此题干的说法没提到。5 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 利用题干句的特征词 Weare 作为线索，发现文中相关句“The researchers say theirmethod is not perfect，but Bryan CWeare”可知Columbia University 的研究成果并不是目前最好的预测方法。6 【正确答案】 B【
38、试题解析】 利用题干句的特征词 1991 and 1997 作为线索，发现文中相关句“When EL Nino hitin 1991 and 1997，200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone，according to a 2002 United Nations report”因此并不是“According to a Chinese report”，由此判断题干句不正确。7 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 利用题干句中关键词 1997 和$20 billion 为线索，发现相关句“The 1997 EL Nino，fo
39、r example，caused an estimated $20 billion in damage worldwide”题干句的内容都与原文一致，因此判断该句的说法正确。8 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 该题干句内容和结构都较简单，关键词是 eight months 和 peak，借助它们作为线索，找到倒数第二段的两个相关句，可以推出 EL Nino 需要大约8 个月达到峰值，因此判断该句的说法正确。9 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 利用题干句的特征词 smaller EL Nino 作为线索，发现文中相关句“While predictingsmaller EL Nino events r
40、emains tricky，the ability to predict larger ones”。可知，题干句的内容与原文有悖。10 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 利用题干句中出现的特征词 institute 和 America 作为线索查找原文，发现文章中根本就没有提到“在美国建立一所特别的研究机构”，因此判断题干句的说法没提到。二、阅读选择11 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 主旨大意题。全文在说 schooling(学校教育)和 education(教育)之间的差别。A 错在 informal，应为 formal；B 错将二者混为一谈；D 错在学校并不是接受教育的唯一途径。因此选 C。1
41、2 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 事实细节题。第一段第四句说得很明白，因此选择 D。13 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 事实细节题。答案在第二段最后一句话：教育是一个终生的过程，早在上学之前就开始，并且应该是人生不可或缺的一部分。因此选 A。14 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话可以推断出，学校教育的模式多多少少有些相似、单一。因此选 C。15 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可以看出作者对待学校教育的态度为中立，基本在摆事实，没有过多的评判。第一段第二句话关于学校中断了孩子们的教育这一观点，也是以借用他人观点的口气说的。因此选择 C。三、概括段落
42、大意和补全句子16 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 该段作为文章的开头，首先讲述了麦克格雷迪是干什么的，他是美国一名职业篮球运动员，现在青岛雄鹰篮球队打球。该段还提到了他之前曾在哪些篮球队效力。由此读者对他可以有一个基本了解。因此答案为 E。17 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 该段大量引用 NBA 球星麦克格雷迪(McGrady)队友的话，说明球队和麦迪的出色表现；另外，本文作者评论到“watching these are like watching an artist at work”看到这些如同是在欣赏工作中的艺术家。由此可看出此段在讲麦迪在球场上的精彩表现。由此推出答案为 B。18 【正确
43、答案】 A【试题解析】 本段通过描写麦迪受伤后火箭队输多赢少，及麦迪回来后的精彩表现说明麦迪不可或缺。第三段第三句“it appeared Houston would be without both of its stars”和倒数第二句“Houston cant seem to get on without him”与选项A“Players Houston Cant Do Without McGrady”的关键词重合，因此正确答案为A。19 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 由第四段中“From a fans perspective”和“From a players perspective”可以
44、看出这是两种不同的 perspective(角度)。该段分别从这两个不同的角度对麦迪在球场上的出色表现给予评论，说明他是一名优秀的球员。因此正确答案为 C。20 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 最后一段提到“McGradys teammates will need to create a little art of their own ”可知麦迪的队友不应该只是指望麦迪个人的突出表现，毕竟他们将面临更多强队的挑战。从“teammates”这一关键词可得出此题答案为 A。再由“create a little art of their own”提高自己的技能与选项 A“Necessity for t
45、he Teammates to Improve Their Own Skills”也属于同义表达，所以可得出答案为 A。21 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 该题目中有“so”这个单词我们可以想到一个固定搭配 “sothat”锁定答案在 E、F 两项。而文章第二段说“his play can be so beautiful that even his own teammates on the court cannot help but admire itin the middle of a game”此处“well” 与“beautiful”属于同义表达都表示他的球技高超，因此可得出答案为 F。
46、22 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据题目中关键词“Watching”可定位至第二段最后一句“watching these are likewatching an artist at work，”观看麦迪打球时的动作就像在观看艺术家的表演。因此可知该题答案为 D。23 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 此题在说姚明错过了几场比赛，直接定位到第三段“After Yao Ming was injured onDec23”，可知姚明在 12 月 23 日受伤了。由此看出姚明因为受伤而不能参加比赛。所以，此题答案为 B。24 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 题干是说世界上很少有人，由文章麦迪精湛的球技这一
47、中心可推断出这题可能是填很少有人像麦迪一样拥有如此高超的球技。由第四段第一句“Listen，there are only fouror five people on the entire planet that can do the things he can do with the basketball”可知世上只有四五个人能像他那样打球，这再次证实了我们的推测。所以此题应选 A。25 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此题可从语法知识角度来解释。题干讲每人都要作出贡献，用了“will”一词袁将来，那么后面就应接“if”条件句，而且时态应是一般现在时。所以只有选项 C 符合。由本文最后一句“McGradys teammates will need to create a little art of their own( 麦迪的队友也应提升自己的球技)”，可得出答案为 C。
