1、自考英语（二）综合模拟试卷 7 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 Computer MouseThe basic computer mouse is an amazingly clever invention with a relatively simple design that allows us to point at things on the computer and it is very productive. Think of all the things you can do with a mouse like selecting text for copying and pasti
2、ng, drawing, and even scrolling on the page with the newer mice with the wheel. Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it. We learn to point at thing before we learn to speak, so the mouse is a very natural
3、 pointing device. Other computer pointing devices include light pens, graphics tablets and touch screen, but the mouse still our workhorse.The computer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University. As computer screens became popular and arrow keys were used to move around a
4、 body of text, it became clear that a pointing device that allowed easier motion through the text and even selection of text would be very useful. The introduction of the mouse, with the Apple Lisa computer in 1983, really started the computer public on the road to relying on the mouse for routine c
5、omputer tasks.How does the mouse work? We have to start at the bottom, so think upside down for now. It all starts with mouse ball. As the mouse ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls over the mouse pad, it presses against and turns two shafts. The shafts are connected to wheels with several small ho
6、les in them. The wheels have a pair of small electronic light-emitting devices called light emitting diodes(LED)mounted on either side. One LED sends a light beam to the LED on the other side. As the wheels spin and a hole rotates by, the light beam gets through to the LED on the other side. But a m
7、oment later the light beam is blocked until the next hole is in place. The LED detects a changing pattern of light, converts the pattern into an electronic signal, and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out the mouse body. This cable is the tail that helps give the m
8、ouse its name. The computer interprets the signal to tell it where to position the cursor on the computer screen.So far we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used. One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the su
9、rface and picks up the dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse. The newer optical mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts.1 Most computer users want to know how the computer mouse works.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given2 Among all the computer pointing devices, touch screen is the most expensive
10、 one.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given3 People began to rely on the mouse for routine computer tasks ever since Stanford University invented computer mouse.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given4 According to the author, general computer users need not know how the computer mouse was invented.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given5 The computer
11、 mouse derives its name from the cable that goes out its body, which looks like the tail of a mouse.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given6 LED technology is widely used in various fields all over the world.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given7 The key components of a computer mouse are the two LEDs.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given8 When an
12、ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given9 The most durable computer mice on sale are the IBM ones.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given10 The optical mouse is superior to the basic one in that the former has no moving parts.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given二、阅读选择10 PianoFor
13、 a century and a half the piano has been one of the most popular solo instruments for Western music. Unlike string and wind instrument, the piano is completely self-sufficient, as it is able to play both the melody and its accompanying harmony at the same time. For this reason, it became the favorit
14、e household instrument of the nineteenth century.The ancestry of the piano can be traced to the early keyboard instruments of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuriesthe spinet(小型立式钢琴 ), the dulcimer(洋琴), and the virginal(小键琴). In the seventeenth century the organ(管风琴), the clavichord(古钢琴), and the har
15、psichord(大键琴)became the chief instruments of the keyboard group, a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century. The clavichord s tone was metallic and never powerful; nevertheless, because of the variety of tone possible to it, many composers found
16、the clavichord a sympathetic instrument for intimate chamber music. The harpsichord with its bright, vigorous tone was the favorite instrument for supporting the bass of the small orchestra of the period and for concert use, but the character of the tone could not be varied save by mechanical or str
17、uctural devices.The piano was perfected in the early eighteenth century by a harpsichord maker in Italy(though musicologists point out several previous instances of the instrument). This instrument was called a piano e forte(soft and loud), to indicate its dynamic versatility; its strings were struc
18、k by a recoiling hammer with a felt-padded head. The wires were much heavier in the earlier instruments. A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame, and steel w
19、ire of the finest quality , finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance.11 What does the passage mainly discuss?（A）The historical development o
20、f the piano.（B） The quality of tone produced by various keyboard instruments.（C） The uses of keyboard instruments in various types of compositions.（D）The popularity of the piano with composers.12 Which of the following instruments was widely used before the seventeenth century?（A）The harpsichord.（B）
21、 The spinet.（C） The clavichord.（D）The organ.13 The word “supplanted“ in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_.（A）supported（B） promoted（C） replaced（D）dominated14 According to the passage, what deficiency did the harpsichord have?（A）It was fragile.（B） It lacked variety in tone.（C） It sounded metallic.
22、（D）It could not produce a strong sound.15 According to the information in the third paragraph, which of the following improvements made it possible to lengthen the tone produced by the piano?（A）The introduction of pedals.（B） The use of heavy wires.（C） The use of felt-padded hammerheads.（D）The metal
23、frame construction.三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 Architecture(1)Architecture is both the process and product of planning, designing and construction. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art. Architecture is to building as literature is to
24、 the printed word. The best buildings are often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of the history of cultures. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art.(2)The ren
25、aissance brought about an entirely new age, not only in philosophy and literature but in the visual arts as well. In architecture, the principles and styles of ancient Greece and Rome were brought back to life and reinterpreted. They remain dominant until the 20th century.(3)Many kinds of stone are
26、used as building materials. Stone and marble were chosen for important monuments because they are not burnable and can be expected to endure. Stone architecture was often blended with stone sculpture. The use of stone has declined, however, because a number of other materials are more adaptable to i
27、ndustrial use.(4)The complexity of modern life calls for a variety of building. More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buildings; they spend their income in large shopping centers, send their children to many different kinds of schools, and when they are sick they go to spec
28、ialized hospitals and clinics. All these different types of buildings accumulated experiences needed by their designers.(5)By the middle of the 20th century, modern architecture, which was influenced by new technology and mass production, was dealing with increasingly complex social needs. Important
29、 characteristics of modern architectural works are expanses of glass and the use of reinforced concrete. Advances in elevator technology, air conditioning, and electric lighting have all had important effects.(6)Since the 1980s, as the complexity of buildings began to increase(in terms of structural
30、 systems, services, energy and technologies), the field of architecture became multi-disciplinary(多学科的)with specializations for each project type, technological expertise or project delivery methods. In addition, there has been an increased separation of the “design“ architect from the “project“ arc
31、hitect who ensures that the project meets the required standards and deals with matters of liability.A. Building MaterialsB. Need of Greater Building Varieties in Modern LifeC. Restoration of Ancient CivilizationsD. What is ArchitectureE. Factors Affecting Modern ArchitectureF. A Social Art16 Paragr
32、aph(1):17 Paragraph(2):18 Paragraph(3):19 Paragraph(4):20 Paragraph(5):20 A. to meet their needsB. but also beautiful to look atC. in the development of modern architectureD. to design more buildingsE. even in the 20th centuryF. the increase of the complexity of buildings21 Some buildings are so wel
33、l constructed that they are not only useful_.22 Ancient Greek and Roman architectural styles, which were restored during renaissance, were still influential_.23 As modern life becomes more complex, people have to put up many different kinds of buildings _.24 The use of new building materials and the
34、 introduction of such new technology as the elevator and the air-conditioner have played an important role _.25 The field of architecture became multi-disciplinary because of_.自考英语（二）综合模拟试卷 7 答案与解析一、阅读判断1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 题干句的意思是大多数计算机使用者都想了解鼠标的工作原理。利用特征词 most 和关键从句 how the computer mouse works 作为线索，在
35、文中找到相关句“Most of us use thecomputer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until”，意为大多数电脑使用者天天用电脑鼠标却没有想去了解鼠标的工作原理。由此可见题干句的内容与原文不一致，因此不是正确信息。2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 利用题干句中的特征词 touch screen 作为线索，在文中查到相关句“Other computerpointing devices include light pens，graphics tablets and touch screen，but the mo
36、use still our workhorse”，但是文中并没有提到触摸屏是所有设备中最贵的一种。因此选 C。3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 利用题干句中的特征词 Stanford University 作为线索，在文中查找到相关句“Thecomputer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stantbrd University”但是再利用另一个特征词 routine computer tasks 作为线索，在文中查找到相关句“The introduction of themouse ，with the Apple Lisa
37、 computer in 1983，really started the computer public on the road to relying onthe mouse for routine computer tasks ”因此可以判断，题干句所给的信息有误。4 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 利用题干句中的特征词 general computer users，invented 作为线索，在文中查找相关句，发现文章中没有出现与题干句的内容相呼应的信息，因此判断题干句的内容在文章中没有被提到。5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 利用题干句中的特征词 cable，tail of a mouse
38、 作为线索，在文中查找相关句“Thiscable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name”该句的信息，连同上一句的信息，与题干句“鼠标的名称源自鼠标主体拖出的一根看上去像鼠尾巴的电线”信息一致，因此题干句提供了正确的信息。6 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 利用题干句中的特征词 LED 作为线索，在文中查找相关句，发现文章中没有出现与题干句的内容相呼应的信息，因此判断题干句的内容在文章中没有被提到。7 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 利用题干句中的特征词 two LEDs 搜索原文，发现他们出现在原文第三段后半部分，内容是关于两个发光二极管在鼠
39、标中的具体工作方式。第三段说道：鼠标的部件有滚动部件如滚球，还有光电装置如二极管等。二极管将光信号转换为电信号，传送到计算机，计算机根据收到的电信号作出相应的反应，因此，二极管是鼠标的主要部件，而滚轮等只是辅助性的机械部件。题干句对短文信息的推断是正确的，故答案为 A。8 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 利用题干句中的关键词 dirty 和 new one 在文中搜索，找到相关的两个句子“Oneproblem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty” 和下句“：Eventually you have to clean yourmouse”可知鼠
40、标脏了可以擦干净再用，因此题干句提供了错误的信息。9 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 利用题干句中的关键词 IBM 在文中搜索，发现文章中没有呼应的内容，因此判断该句的内容在文章中没有被提到。10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 利用题干句中的特征词 optical mouse，no moving parts 作为线索，在文中查找相关句“The newer optical mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts”结合前文可知，光学鼠标因为没有运动部件，所以不会像普通鼠标那样吸附灰尘，由此可推断出光学鼠标优于普通鼠标。二、阅读选择11 【正
41、确答案】 A【试题解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可以看出，文章讲述的是钢琴发展的历史，因此选择 A。12 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 事实细节题。第二段第一句话列举了 15 和 16 世纪最常用的键盘乐器。题干问的是 17 世纪之前的，因此选择 B。13 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 词义理解题。第二段讲述键盘乐器的更迭，最后钢琴在 18 世纪末取代了以前的键盘乐器，成为主要的乐器。因此选择 C。14 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 事实细节题。第二段最后一句话说明了大键琴的缺点：即音色少。因此选择 B。15 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 事实细节题。全文最后一句话中“the introduct
42、ion of pedals to sustain tone”表明了踏板的使用使得钢琴的音色延长。因此选择 A。三、概括段落大意和补全句子16 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 段落大意提取，首先寻找每段的首句和末句，就能很快知道本段所谈的主要内容，以下同此。具体到第一段，我们可以找到：Architecture is both the process and product of planning，designing and construction介绍了定义及其本身内涵。17 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 从第二段来看，主要讲述了文艺复兴所带来的影响，不仅影响到哲学和文学艺术，还对建筑领域产生影响
43、，通过建筑，复古了许多古希腊和罗马的理念和风格。18 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 第三段的首句：Many kinds of stone are used as building materials总述了该段落，主要讲了用于建筑的代表性材料和一些其他材料。19 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从第四段的首句：The complexity of modern life calls for a variety of building来看，现代的建筑体系需要多样的建筑结构。20 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 从本段来看，随着新技术和大生产的进步，建筑领域又增添许多新的元素，比如，电梯、空调、电灯等，这
44、些都是影响现代建筑规划的新元素，需要设计师考虑在内。21 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 细节定位题，一定要回归到段落中去寻找上下文，以下同此。本句应定位到第一段：The best buildings are often so well constructed that they outlast their original useThey then survive not only as beautiful objects，but as documents of the history of culturesThese achievements arenever wholly the work
45、 of individuals. Architecture is a social art 22 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 本句应定位到第二段：In architecture，the principles and styles of ancient Greece andRome were brought back to life and reinterpretedThey remain dominant until the 20th century可见，文艺复兴时期的建筑风格在 20 世纪仍然占有主导地位，影响力依旧。23 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本句应定位到第四段：The comp
46、lexity of modern life calls for a variety of building以及 All these different types of buildings accumulated experiences needed by their designers24 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 本句应定位到第五段：By the middle of the 20th century，modern architecture，which was influenced by new technology and mass production，was dealing wit
47、h increasingly complex socialneeds尤其是下文又提到了电梯、电灯以及空调等因素，就可以清楚选项了。25 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 本句应定位到第六段：Since the 1980s，as the complexity of buildings began to increase(in terms of structural systems，services，energy and technologies)，the field of architecture became multidisciplinary(多学科的)with specializations for each project type，technological expertise or project delivery methods基本上是原句。
