1、 _ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising ther
2、efrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2016 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this
3、publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-49
4、70 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/AMS6487L AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS6487 REV. LIssued 1962-06 Revised 2016-11Supersed
5、ing AMS6487K Steel, Bars, and Forgings 5.0Cr - 1.3Mo - 0.50V (0.38 - 0.43C) (H-11) Consumable Electrode Vacuum Melted (Composition similar to UNS T20811) RATIONALE AMS6487L is a Five Year Review and update of this specification revises micro-inclusion testing (3.4.2.1), the test procedure for decarb
6、urization (3.4.3.4), quality (3.5), and reporting (4.4). 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, and forging stock. 1.2 Application These products have been used typically for parts requiring through hardening to a minimu
7、m hardness of 50 HRC in section thicknesses up to 12 inches (305 mm) with a combination of high strength, fatigue resistance, ductility, and thermal stability for operation in the range of -100 to +1000 F (-73 to +538 C), but usage is not limited to such applications. 1.2.1 Certain design and proces
8、sing procedures may cause these products to become susceptible to stress-corrosion cracking after heat treatment; ARP1110 recommends practices to minimize such conditions. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this sp
9、ecification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall appl
10、y. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6487L Page 2 of 10 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2251 Tolerances Low-Alloy Steel Bars AMS2259 Chemical Check
11、 Analysis Limits Wrought Low-Alloy and Carbon Steels AMS2300 Steel Cleanliness, Premium Aircraft-Quality Magnetic Particle Inspection Procedure AMS2310 Qualification Sampling and Testing of Steels for Transverse Tensile Properties AMS2370 Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing Carbon and Low-Alloy S
12、teel Wrought Products and Forging Stock AMS2372 Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings AMS2806 Identification Bars, Wire, Mechanical Tubing, and Extrusions Carbon and Alloy Steels and Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels and Alloys AMS2808 Identification Forgings A
13、MS-H-6875 Heat Treatment of Steel Raw Materials ARP1110 Minimizing Stress Corrosion Cracking in Wrought Forms of Steels and Corrosion Resistant Steels and Alloys ARP1917 Clarification of Terms Used in Aerospace Metals Specifications AS1182 Standard Stock Removal Allowance Aircraft-Quality and Premiu
14、m Aircraft-Quality Steel Bars and Mechanical Tubing 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM A370 Mechanical Testing of Steel Products ASTM A604 Macroetch Testing of Consumab
15、le Electrode Remelted Steel Bars and Billets ASTM E45 Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel ASTM E112 Determining Average Grain Size ASTM E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals ASTM E350 Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Ir
16、on ASTM E384 Microindentation Hardness of Materials SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6487L Page 3 of 10 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition Shall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1, determined by wet chemical methods in accordance with ASTM E350, by spectrochemical methods, or by other
17、analytical methods acceptable to purchaser. Table 1 - Composition Element Min. Max. Carbon 0.38 0.43Manganese 0.20 0.40 Silicon 0.80 1.00Phosphorus - 0.015 Sulfur - 0.015Chromium 4.75 5.25 Molybdenum 1.20 1.40Vanadium 0.40 0.60 Nickel - 0.25Copper - 0.353.1.1 Check Analysis Composition variations sh
18、all meet the applicable requirements of AMS2259. 3.2 Melting Practice Steel shall be multiple melted using consumable electrode vacuum melting practice in the remelt cycle (VAR). 3.3 Condition The product shall be supplied in the following condition; hardness and tensile strength shall be determined
19、 in accordance with ASTM A370: 3.3.1 Bars Bar shall not be cut from plate (also see 4.4.2). 3.3.1.1 Bars 0.500 Inch (12.70 mm) and Under in Nominal Diameter or Least Distance Between Parallel Sides Annealed and cold finished having tensile strength not higher than 135 ksi (931 MPa) or equivalent har
20、dness (see 8.2). 3.3.1.2 Bars Over 0.500 Inch (12.70 mm) in Nominal Diameter or Least Distance Between Parallel Sides Hot finished and annealed or annealed and cold finished having hardness not higher than 311 HB, or equivalent (see 8.3). 3.3.2 Forgings Annealed in accordance with AMS-H-6875 to a ha
21、rdness not higher than 283 HB, or equivalent (see 8.3). 3.3.3 Forging Stock As ordered by the forging manufacturer. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6487L Page 4 of 10 3.4 Properties The product shall conform to the following requirements; hardness and tensile testing shall be performed in accordance with ASTM
22、A370: 3.4.1 Macrostructure Visual examination of transverse full cross-sections from bars, billets, and forging stock, etched in hot hydrochloric acid in accordance with ASTM A604, shall show no pipe or cracks. Porosity, segregation, inclusions, and other imperfections shall be no worse than the mac
23、rographs of ASTM A604 shown in Table 2 and Table 3. 3.4.1.1 Product 36 Square Inches (232 cm) and Under in Nominal Cross-Sectional Area Table 2 - Macrostructure limits Class Condition Severity 1 Freckle s A 2 White Spots A 3 Radial Segregation B 4 Ring Pattern B 3.4.1.2 Product Over 36 Square Inches
24、 (232 cm), Inclusive, in Nominal Cross-Sectional Area Table 3 - Macrostructure limits Class Condition Severity 1 Freckles A 2 White Spots B 3 Radial Segregation B 4 Ring Pattern B 3.4.2 Micro-Inclusion Rating of Each Heat No specimen shall exceed the limits shown in Table 4, determined in accordance
25、 with ASTM E45, Method D. Table 4 - Micro-inclusion rating limits Type A Thin A Heavy B Thin B Heavy C Thin C Heavy D Thin D Heavy Worst Field Severity 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 2.0 1.0 Worst Field Frequency, maximum a 1 a 1 a 1 3 1 Total Rateable Fields Frequency, maximum b 1 b 1 b 1 8 1 a -Combined
26、A+B+C, not more than 5 fields b - Combined A+B+C, not more than 8 fields SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6487L Page 5 of 10 3.4.2.1 A rateable field is defined as one which has a type A, B, C, or D inclusion rating of at least No. 1.0 thin or heavy in accordance with ASTM E45. 3.4.3 Decarburization 3.4.3.1 Bar
27、s ordered ground, turned, or polished shall be free from decarburization on the ground, turned, or polished surface. 3.4.3.2 Allowable decarburization of bars and billets ordered for redrawing or forging or to specified microstructural requirements shall be as agreed upon by purchaser and producer.
28、3.4.3.3 Decarburization of bars that 3.4.3.1 or 3.4.3.2 is not applicable shall be not greater than shown in Table 5. Table 5A - Maximum total depth of decarburization, inch/pound units Nominal Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Sides Inches Total Depth of Decarburization Inch Up to 0.375, incl 0
29、.010 Over 0.375 to 0.500, incl 0.015 Over 0.500 to 0.625, incl 0.020 Over 0.625 to 1.000, incl 0.025 Over 1.000 to 2.000, incl 0.035 Over 2.000 to 3.000, incl 0.048 Over 3.000 to 4.000, incl 0.062 Over 4.000 to 5.000, incl 0.094 Over 5.000 0.125 Table 5B - Maximum total depth of decarburization, SI
30、units Nominal Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Sides Millimeters Total Depth of Decarburization Millimeters Up to 9.52, incl. 0.25 Over 9.52 to 12.70, incl. 0.38 Over 12.70 to 15.88, incl. 0.51 Over 15.88 to 25.40, incl. 0.64 Over 25.40 to 50.80, incl. 0.89 Over 50.80 to 76.20, incl. 1.22 Over
31、76.20 to 101.60, incl. 1.57 Over 101.60 to 127.00, incl. 2.39 Over 127.00 3.18 3.4.3.4 Decarburization shall be evaluated by one of the two methods of 3.4.3.5.1 or 3.4.3.5.2. 3.4.3.4.1 Metallographic Method A cross section taken perpendicular to the surface shall be prepared, etched, and visually ex
32、amined metallographically at a magnification not to exceed 100X. Optical indications of decarburiztion shall not show a layer of complete (ferrite) or partial decarburization exceeding the limits of Table 5. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6487L Page 6 of 10 3.4.3.4.2 Hardness Traverse Method The total depth o
33、f decarburization shall be determined by a traverse method using microindentation hardness testing in accordance with ASTM E384, at a magnification not exceeding 100X, conducted on a hardened, but untempered specimen, protected during heat treatment to prevent changes in surface carbon content. Dept
34、h of decarburization is defined as the perpendicular distance from the surface to the depth under that surface where there is not further increase in hardness. Such measurements shall be far enough away from any adjacent surface to be uninfluenced by any decarburization on the adjacent surface. Acce
35、ptance shall be as listed in Table 5. 3.4.3.4.3 When determining the depth of decarburization, it is permissible to disregard local areas provided the decarburization of such areas does not exceed the above limits by more than 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) and the width is 0.065 inch (1.65 mm) or less. 3.4.3
36、.4.4 In case of dispute, the total depth of decarburization determined using the microindentation hardness traverse method shall govern. 3.4.4 Response to Heat Treatment of Bars, Forgings and Forging Stock Specimens shall conform to the following requirements after being austenitized by heating to 1
37、850 F 25 F (1010 C 14 C), holding at heat for 15 to 45 minutes, and cooling to room temperature at a rate equivalent to air cooling, and tempered three times by heating to a temperature not lower than 1000 F (538 C), holding at heat for 2 to 3 hours, and cooling in air. Grain size specimens need not
38、 be tempered. 3.4.4.1 Longitudinal Tensile Properties Shall be as shown in Table 6, determined on specimens taken from bars and forging stock 25 in2(161 cm) and under in cross-sectional area, from forgings with axis approximately parallel to the forging flow lines, and to specimens from coupons of s
39、tock over 25 in2(161 cm) in cross-sectional area forged to approximately 25 in2(161 cm) in cross-sectional area prior to heat treatment as in 3.4.4. Testing in the longitudinal direction need not be performed on product tested in the transverse direction. Table 6 - Minimum longitudinal tensile prope
40、rties Property ValueTensile Strength 260 ksi (1793 MPa) Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset 215 ksi (1482 MPa) Elongation in 4D 8% Reduction of Area 30% 3.4.4.2 Transverse Tensile Properties Shall be as shown in Table 7, determined on specimens selected and prepared in accordance with AMS2310. Transverse
41、requirements are applicable only to product sufficiently large to yield tensile specimens not less than 4.50 inches (114.3 mm) in length. Table 7 - Minimum transverse tensile properties Property ValueTensile Strength 260 ksi (1793 MPa) Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset 215 ksi (1482 MPa) Individual Valu
42、e 6% Average Value 15% SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6487L Page 7 of 10 3.4.4.3 Forging Stock Specimens extracted for a forged down coupon heat treated as in 3.4.4 shall conform to the requirements of 3.4.4.1 and 3.4.4.2. If specimens taken from the unforged stock after heat treatment as in 3.4.4 conform to
43、the requirements of 3.4.4.1 and 3.4.4.2, the test shall be accepted as equivalent to tests of the forged coupon. 3.4.4.4 Average Grain Size of Bars and Forgings Shall conform to 3.4.4.4.1 or 3.4.4.4.2, determined in accordance with ASTM E112 on specimens which are optionally heated to 1850 F 15 F (1
44、010 C 8 C), held at heat for 15 to 45 minutes, quenched to 1320 F 10 F (716 C 6 C), held at 1320 F (716 C) for 30 minutes, and air cooled, polished, and examined. 3.4.4.4.1 Bars and Forgings 2.50 Inches (63.5 mm) and Under in Nominal Diameter or Least Distance Between Parallel Sides Shall be ASTM No
45、. 7 or finer. 3.4.4.4.2 Bars and Forgings Over 2.50 Inches (63.5 mm) in Nominal Diameter or Least Distance Between Parallel Sides Shall be ASTM No. 5 or finer. 3.5 Quality The product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and fro
46、m imperfections detrimental to usage of the product. 3.5.1 Steel shall be premium aircraft-quality conforming to AMS2300. 3.5.2 Bars shall be free from seams, laps, tears, and cracks after removal of the standard stock removal allowance in accordance with AS1182. 3.5.3 Grain flow of die forgings, ex
47、cept in areas that contain flash-line end grain, shall follow the general contour of the forgings showing no evidence of reentrant grain flow. 3.6 Tolerances Bars shall conform to all applicable requirements of AMS2251. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The producer o
48、f the product shall supply all samples for producers tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the product conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classifica
49、tion of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests Composition, (3.1), condition (3.3), macrostructure (3.4.1), micro-inclusion rating (3.4.2), decarburization (3.4.3), response to heat treatment (3.4.4), and tolerances (3.6) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each heat or lot as applicable. 4.2.2 Periodic Tests Frequency-severity cleanliness rating (3.5.1) and grain flow of die forgin
