1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2010 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication ma
3、y be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
4、Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J216_201001SURFACEVEHICLERECOMMENDEDPRACTICEJ216 JAN2010 Issued 1970-11Revised 2010-01 Superseding
5、 J216 MAR1999 Motor Vehicle GlazingElectrical Circuits RATIONALERequired timely update due to advances in that area. 1. SCOPE This SAE Recommended Practice establishes limits for electrical circuits on motor vehicle safety glazing materials. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Publications The following pu
6、blications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest version of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and C
7、anada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.SAE J100 Class “A” Vehicle Glazing Shade Bands SAE J903 Passenger Car Windshield Wiper Systems SAE J1050 Describing and Measuring the Drivers Field of View 2.1.2 ANSI Publications Available from ANSI, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel
8、 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org.ANSI/SAE Z26.1 American National Standard for Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways, Safety Code. SAE J216 Revised JAN2010 Page 2 of 42.1.3 Federal Publication Available from the Document Automation and Production Service (DAPS),
9、Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Tel: 215-697-6257, http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/.FMVSS 49 CFR 571.205Glazing Materials 2.1.4 Other Publications Available from University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, 2901 Baxter Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2150,
10、 Tel: 734-764-6504, www.umtri.umich.edu.The Effect of Width and Separation in Rear Window Defroster Lines on the Identification of Obstacles, James R. Sayer, Mary L. Mefford, Michael Flannagan, Michael Sivak, The University of Michigan, Transportation Research Institute Report No. UMTRI-99-12, May 1
11、999 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 Electrical Circuits Electrical conductors used to carry current for lighting, antennas to facilitate communication, special sensors, and heating to promote vision through the removal of moisture condensation, ice films, or snow. 3.2 Safety Glazing Materials A product consistin
12、g of organic and/or inorganic materials so constructed or treated to reduce, in comparison with annealed sheet, plate, or float glass, the likelihood of injury to persons as a result of contact with these safety glazing materials when used in a vehicle, whether they may be broken or unbroken, and fo
13、r which special requirements regarding visibility, strength, and abrasion are set-forth. 3.3 Windshield The principal forward-facing, safety glazing material provided for forward vision in operating a motor vehicle. 3.4 Rear Window The principal rearward-facing, safety glazing material in a motor ve
14、hicle. 3.5 Primary Rear Vision Area This is the Indirect Field of View afforded by the inside rear view mirror. The mirror vision through the backlight should provide a minimum of an unobstructed 20 degree horizontal field of view and an unobstructed vertical field of view, which includes the horizo
15、n and the road 60.9 m (200 ft) rearward of the drivers SgRP. The procedures specified in SAE J1050 AUG94 should be used to measure the rear vision area. 3.6 Side Window The safety glazing material to the right and left of the driver, including those adjacent and to the rear of the driver. 3.7 Glazin
16、g Not Requisite for Driving Visibility The safety glazing materials, or areas thereof, that are in locations defined as not required for vision in operating a motor vehicle.SAE J216 Revised JAN2010 Page 3 of 44. GENERAL This document defines the limits of electrical circuits on motor vehicle safety
17、glazing materials. The safety glazing materials used may be of any type that meets the requirements of FMVSS 205 and ANSI/SAE Z26.1, which define glazing types, permissible for use in the various body positions, dependent upon requisite vision areas applicable to the vehicle classification. Presentl
18、y there are two types of electrical circuits: opaque and transparent. Opaque types consist of either small conductive elements (e.g., wires) in or on the plastic interlayer of the laminated safety glazing material or conductors integral with the surface of a safety glazing material. Opaque conductor
19、s shall be of low reflectivity and of neutral or unobtrusive color. Transparent types consist of very thin electrically conductive coatings, which when utilized in a safety glazing material that complies with the applicable luminous transmittance requirements described in FMVSS 205 and ANSI/SAE Z26.
20、1. The electrical circuits shall not interfere with or degrade the safety properties of a safety glazing material. To minimize thepotential for electrical, thermal, or electromagnetic exposure to the occupants, glazing materials with electrical circuits should be jointly designed by the glazing and
21、motor vehicle manufacturers. As electric conductors may also reduce vision or cause optical distortion, a practical limitation of their use is desirable. Until substantial research data are obtained, which do not exist at the present, limitation in the use of electrical circuits must be based on pre
22、sent manufacturing processes, practices, and existing data on field of view. Consequently, this document will be reviewed periodically and revised as additional information becomes available. 5. SAFETY GLAZING MATERIALSELECTRICAL CIRCUITS 5.1 Areas Not Requisite for Driving Visibility There is no li
23、mitation on the use of electrical circuits with safety glazing materials in those areas defined by SAE J100, SAE J1050, ANSI/SAE Z26.1, and FMVSS 205 as not requisite for driving visibility. 5.2 Windshields 5.2.1 Opaque Electrical Circuits Opaque conductors shall not exceed 2.5% of the area defined
24、in SAE J100 as requisite for driving visibility. Defrosting or demisting conductors up to 0.035 mm (0.0014 in) in diameter or width, in a “zig-zag” or sinusoidal form, with a density of up to 10 wires/cm if vertical and 7 wires/cm if horizontal, are acceptable but should not impair the vision areas
25、requisite for driving visibility before, during, and after a power cycle. Opaque conductors not exceeding 0.8 mm (0.03 in) in diameter or width are allowed outside the “B” area as defined by SAE J903 and allowed within the “B” area restricted to 38.1 mm (1.5 in) wide vertical strip each side of the
26、vertical centerline of the windshield. 5.2.2 Transparent Electrical Circuits Transparent electrical conductive coatings used in the windshield vision area shall not decrease the light transmittance below 70% as defined in ANSI/SAE Z26.1. 5.3 Rear Windows Requisite for Driving Visibility 5.3.1 Opaque
27、 Electrical Circuits Opaque electrical circuits shall not exceed 5% of the primary rear vision area of the safety glazing material defined in 3.5 and it is recommended conductors are no greater than 1 mm (0.04 in) wide and no closer together than 25.4 mm (1.00 in). Defrosting or demisting wire condu
28、ctors up to 0.035 mm (0.0014 in) in diameter or width, in a “zig-zag” sinusoidal or straight form, with a density of up to 10 wires/cm if vertical and 7 wires/cm if horizontal, are acceptable but should not impair the vision areas requisite for driving visibility before, during, or after a power cyc
29、le.SAE J216 Revised JAN2010 Page 4 of 4Any electrical conductor design is acceptable if it does not impair the rear window vision area requisite for driving visibility(UMTRI-99-12).In other rear vision areas outside the primary rear vision area, opaque electrical conductors shall not exceed 6.5% of
30、the area.5.3.2 Transparent Electrical Circuits Transparent electrical conductive coatings used in the rear vision areas shall not decrease the light transmittance below 70% as defined in ANSI/SAE Z26.1. 5.4 Side Windows Requisite for Driving Visibility 5.4.1 Opaque Electrical Circuits Defrosting or
31、demisting conductors up to 0.035 mm (0.0014 in) in diameter or width, in a “zig-zag” or sinusoidal form, with a density of up to 10 wires/cm if vertical and 7 wires/cm if horizontal, are acceptable but shall not impair the vision areas requisite for driving visibility before, during, or after a powe
32、r cycle. 5.4.2 Transparent Electrical Circuits Transparent electrical conductive coatings used in the side vision areas shall not decrease the light transmittance below 70% as defined in ANSI/SAE Z26.1. Exposed coatings, either exterior or interior, shall pass the abrasion requirements of Test 5.18,
33、 Abrasion Resistance, in ANSI/SAE Z26.1. 6. NOTES 6.1 Marginal Indicia A change bar (I) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE GLAZING MATERIALS STANDARDS COMMITTEE
