1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ICS 21.100.20 ISBN 0-626-16535-0 SANS 10657:2005Edition 1ISO/TR 10657:1991Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Explanatory notes on SANS 351 This nat
4、ional standard is the identical implementation of ISO/TR 10657:1991 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 internatio
5、nal code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 10657:2005 Edition 1 ISO/TR 10657:1991 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Abstract Gives supplementary background information regarding the derivation of formulae and factors for static load ratings given in SANS 351. Keywor
6、ds ball bearings, bearings, radial bearings, ratings, roller bearings, rolling bearings, rules of calculations, static loads, thrust bearings. National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA TC 5120.02, Bearings, in accordance with procedures of Standards Sout
7、h Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. TECHNICAL REPORT lSO/TR 10657 First edition 1991-05-15 Explanatory notes on IS0 76 Notes explicatives SW /SO 76 Reference number ISO/TR 10657 : 1991 (E) ISO/TR 10657 : 1991 (E) Contents 1 Scope 1 2 BriefHistory . 1 2.1 ISO/R76-1958 . 1 2
8、.2 ISO76-1978 . 2 2.3 ISO76-1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 Basic Static Load Ratings . 6 3.1 Basic static radial load rating - type 2, when the subject is still under technical development or where-for any other reason t
9、here is the future but not immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard; - type 3, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example). Technical Reports of types
10、1 and 2 are subject to review within three years of publi- cation, to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. Technical Reports of type 3 do not necessarily have to be reviewed until the data they provide are considered to be no longer valid or useful. ISO/TR 10657, whic
11、h is a Technical Report of type 3, was prepared by Technical Com- mittee ISO/TC 4, Rolling bearings, Sub-Committee SC 8, Load ratings and life. ISO/TR 10657 has been prepared for the guidance of users of IS0 76 : 1987, Rofing bearings - Static load ratings. It is a purely scientific document intende
12、d for use by specialists in this field, and it is not envisaged that it will become an International Stan- dard. Annexes A, B and C form an integral part of this Technical Report. TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 10657 : 1991 (E) Explanatory notes on IS0 76 1 Scope This Technical Report gives supplementary b
13、ackground information regarding the derivation of formulae and factors given in IS0 76, Rolling bearings - Static load ratings. 2 Brief History 2.1 ISO/R 76 - 1958 The IS0 Recommendation R 76, Ball and Roller Bearings - Methods of Evaluating Static Load Ratings, was drawn up by Technical Committee I
14、SO/TC 4, Ball and Holler Bearings, the Secretariat of which is held -_.- by the Sveriges Standardiseringskownission (SIS). This Recommendation is based on the studiesl*, Z by A. Palmgren and so on. It is defined in the Recommendation that the basic static load ratings correspond to a total permanent
15、 deformation of rolling elemenk and raceway at the most heavily stressed rolling element/ raceway contact ef 0,OOOl of the rolling element diameter. And then the Standard values confined to the basic static load ratings for special inner design rolling bearings are laid down, * Figures in brackets i
16、ndicate literature references in annex C. ISO/TR 10657 : 1991 (E) Technical Committee ISO/TC 4 discussed the questions dealt with by the IS0 Recommendation at the following meetings: the third meeting, held in Gsteborg, in September 1953, the fourth meeting, held in Madrid, in May 1955, the fifth me
17、eting, held in Vienna, in September 1956. At the third meeting of the Techrrical Committee, Working Group No. 3 was appointed to assist the ISO/TC 4 Secretariat in preparatory work and in drawing up proposals. The Working Group composed of Germany, Sweden and USA held the following meetings: the fir
18、st meeting, held in Madrid, in May 1955, the second meeting, held in Vienna, in September 1956. On 4th June 1957, the Draft IS0 Recommendation was sent out to all the IS0 Member Bodies and was approved by 28 (out of a total of 58) Member Bodies. The Draft IS0 Recommendation was then submitted by cor
19、respondence to the IS0 Council, which decided, in December 1958, to accept it as an IS0 Recommendation. 2.2 IS0 76 - 1978 The Working Group P(o. 3 was transformed into SC I at the 13th meeting helci in Paris in May 1972. The: SC 8 Secretariat proposed to include the revision of ISO/R 76 in the futur
20、e work a.t the first meeting held in London in November 1973, and SC 8 requested its Secretariat to prepare a Draft Proposal for an International Stan- dard replacing ISO/R 76 and it was decided that this proposal should be submitted to the SC 8 member Bodies for consideration prior to 1 October 197
21、4 (SC 8 aESOLUTI0N 21, 21 London 1973). 2 lSO/TR 10657 : 1991 (E) The SC 8 Secretariat distributed If ter it had bmm approved by the ISG Members, the IS0 Ccxmcil de- tided in-February VI?87 ta accept it as an Xnternatianal Standard. Fw t hemore p SC 8 derided at its fifth meeting in April 1986 that
22、sLlpp1 emnt ary k3ckguaund i flf OUiUt i an, regarding the derivation of fW3lUlX? Wd -fX3XX gi.ven in Ml X-3, skmuld be pub1 ished as a Tech- I nical Report EL c- r 8 FEXLlJTIt3N 71, 11 t-!angzhrjU 1%d. ISO/TR 10657 : 1991 (E) 3 Basic Static Load RatinRs (1) Basic equation for point contact The rela
23、tionship between a calculated contact stress and a rolling element load within an elliptical contact area is given as follows 8 9 u- 36 =27Tab 1 -. (3-l) where r = calculated contact stress, MPa, a = major semi axis of the contact ellipse, mm, b = minor semi axis of the COntaCt ellipse, mm, Q = norm
24、al force between rolling element and raceway, M) x = distanc.e in a-direction, mxn, Y = distance in b-direction, mm . It is concluded that the maximum calculated contact stress (Gax) occurs at the point of x = 0 and y = 0, -. - -. -. r 36 max =27Tab Q 2TTab f 3 tT max l According to the Hertzs theor
25、y, a= (2 lt2E(K) )1/3 A c 3Q *uJ ( l- 2 VI E 1 + b _.(2S(K)l3 3Q (1 - VI? 1 - ;ebF - if)* l* 9 (3-8) where r = calculated contact stress, MPa ) b = semiwidth of the contact surface, mm I L we = length of roller applicable to calculate load ratings, mm t x 0 (3-22) . . _ .- In general, x= a/b = 1 for
26、 the case of contact between an outer _-. . ring raceway and balls of self-aligning ball bearings. Consequently, _. l/2 =,+ l Therefore, equation (3-22) yields Q I 6,4762065 x 10l/( (3-23) Substituting equation (3-23) into equation (3-16) and moreover exchanging Q for Q . max 3, 2 C Gnax or = 2;072(
27、4()()0 -) $(I + y) Z+a l Introducing the mmber of rows ,i of balls, C 2 or - f iZD ooera 0 w 9 where (3-24) (3-25) The values of factor f 0 on table 1 in IS0 76 are calculated from substituting rmax = 4600 MPa and values of b/= D cosQ/D shown W PW in the table of IS0 76 into equation (3-25). 13 ISO/
28、TR 10657: 1991 (E) 3 2 0 Basic static axial load rating C for thrust ball be.arings . _ . . _ The curvature sum rp and curvature difference F(p) of thrust.ball bearings is given by the following equations, . . ZP 2 a- D (2 -4-Y_ 1 _. -1sFy -z? (3-26 1 w ._ _ - - . _ - . . _ . - - _ _ _._ .-._- -. F(
29、P) = 2t y 1 9 . (3-27) - -. - P 1TY 2f where r = groove radius of housing washer, mm. Substitut$ng equation (T-26.) into equation.(+T), - . - D Q II 6,4762065 x 10l+ E(U) 2 *L-h -Y 2 0 0“ 3 max (3-W Substituting equation (3-28) into the following equation (3-29), C oa = ZQ max t3ina B (3-29) where C
30、 oa = basic static axial load rating, N ) z = number of balls carrying load in one direction) Q = max maximum normal force between rolling element and raceway, FJ . Therefore, 3 C Oa - l 1005(1 - Y)LweDwe;) (1 - Y)ZLweDweBlnCI . Consequently, adopting a;nax = 4000 MPa, C * 220(1 - Dwcosa)ZLyeDyesinQ
31、 . (3-36) oa PW 16 ISO/TR 10657: 1991 (E) -4 4.1 Static Equivalent Load Theoretical static equivalent radial load P for radial bearings 4.1.1 Single row radial bearings and radial contact groove ball bearings (nominal contact angle w= 0) Assuming both the bearing rings will yield a parallel displace
32、ment when a radial and axial loads act simultaneously on a single row radial bearings, the maximum rolling element load Qax (N) is given .- _ by the following equation ll P F Q r a max 131c ZcosQJ = ZainQJ * (4-1) T a where F r = radial load, N P F a = axial load, N ) J r = radial load integral J a
33、= axial load integral J z = number of rolling elements per row, a = nominal contact angle, l 17 ISO/TR 10657 : 1991 (E) The radial and axial load integrals are given by the following equations 4 f 0 J r = J,(E = 8165 o,5852 2,6o35 f 3,l548 o,3lo8 3,737? I 0 I 2 4,3706 taaa7= (2r/D,-l 2c b- l 3/e Fa
34、l/4 iZD2 w For 2r/Dw= 1,035, for example, the values of tan&for each value 2 of F,/iZDw are given in table 4-5. Table 4-5 Example of values of contact angle for radial contact groove ball *bearings 1 F /iZD2* a W 095 1 2 5 10 tana 0,211o 0,251o 0,29sg h3753 I4463 * units in N and mm. F /iZD2 a w = (Fa/C*,)fo . Moreover, the relationship between Fr/Por and Facot/Por is given in figure 4-2, 23
