1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULFEBRUARY 4, 20151UL 98BOutline of Investigation for Enclosed and Dead-front Switches for use inPhotovoltaic SystemsIssue Number 3February 4, 2015Summary of TopicsThis is the third issue of the Ou
2、tline of Investigation for Enclosed andDead-Front Switches for Use in Photovoltaic Systems, Subject 98B. Theserequirements cover enclosed and dead-front switches rated up to 1500 Vdc, intended for use in dc photovoltaic (PV) systems and installed inaccordance with Article 690 of the National Electri
3、cal Code, ANSI/NFPA-70. These switches are intended for ambient conditions between minus 20to +50C.The following table lists the future effective dates with the correspondingreference.Future Effective Dates ReferencesDecember 31, 2019 Paragraphs 13.5, 13.6, 13.10, 13.12, 14.5, 22.1,23.3, 23.6, 23.12
4、 23.17, Sections 17, 20, and24 27.ULs Outlines of Investigation are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed norelectronic copy of an Outline of Investigation should be altered in any way. All ofULs Outlines of Investigation and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regardingthose Outlines of Investiga
5、tion shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL.COPYRIGHT 2015 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULFEBRUARY 4, 2015UL 98B2No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER
6、REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULCONTENTSINTRODUCTION1 Scope .52 Components 53 Units of Measurement .64 Undated References 65 Glossary .6CONSTRUCTION6 General 67 Spacings .78 Wire Terminals .79 Bus Bars .810 Enclosure Doors .811 Fusing 912 Wiring and Bending Space 9PERFORMANCE13
7、 General .914 Heating Test .1115 Endurance Test 1216 Close-Open Test .1217 Short Circuit Withstand Test .1218 Electrically Tripped Switches .1318.1 General .1318.2 Heating test .1318.3 Endurance test for electrically tripped switches 1318.4 Contact opening test for electrically tripped switches .131
8、9 Mold Stress Relief Test 1420 Strength of Insulating Base and Support Test 1421 Wire Terminals for Other Class and Strand Configurations .14RATINGS22 General 14MARKINGS23 General 15ACCESSORIES24 Construction .1724.1 General .1724.2 Mounting 1724.3 Field wiring .1824.4 Strain relief 1824.5 Spacings
9、19FEBRUARY 4, 2015 UL 98B 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL24.6 Electrical tripping mechanism 1924.7 Overvoltage-trip release devices .2024.8 Electrical operators .2024.9 Alarm and auxiliary switches .2024.10 Alarm switches 202
10、5 PERFORMANCE .2025.1 General .2025.2 Electrical tripping mechanism 2125.3 (Reserved) 2125.4 Overvoltage-trip release devices .2125.5 Electrical operators .2325.6 Alarm and auxiliary switches .2326 Ratings 2527 Markings .26FEBRUARY 4, 2015UL 98B4UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REP
11、RODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULINTRODUCTION1 Scope1.1 These requirements cover open, enclosed and dead-front switches rated up to 1500 V dc, intendedfor use in dc photovoltaic (PV) systems and installed in accordance with Article 690 of the NationalElectrical Code, ANSI/NFPA-70.
12、These switches are intended for ambient conditions between minus 20to +50C.1.2 These requirements are intended to be used in conjunction with requirements in the Standard forEnclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98, except as modified or supplemented by the followingrequirements.1.3 Unless otherwise
13、specified, when the term switch is used in this outline, it refers to a photovoltaic,enclosed, open, or dead-front switch.1.4 Fusible switches are intended for use with photovoltaic (PV) fuses which comply with therequirements of Outline for Low-Voltage Fuses Fuses for Photovoltaic Systems, UL 2579.
14、1.5 These requirements also apply to open type switches, used in conjunction with the Outline ofInvestigation for Open Type Switches, UL 98A.1.6 These requirements also cover fused and unfused electrically tripped PV switches.2 Components2.1 Except as indicated in 2.2, a component of a product cover
15、ed by this outline shall comply with therequirements for that component.2.2 A component is not required to comply with a specific requirement that:a) Involves a feature or characteristic not required in the application of the component in theproduct covered by this outline; orb) Is superseded by a r
16、equirement in this outline.2.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its rating established for the intended conditions ofuse.2.4 Specific components are incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance capabilities.Such components are intended for use only under limited condi
17、tions, such as certain temperatures notexceeding specified limits, and shall be used only under those specific conditions.FEBRUARY 4, 2015 UL 98B 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL3 Units of Measurement3.1 Values stated without
18、parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory orapproximate information.4 Undated References4.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this outline shall beinterpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.5 Glossar
19、y5.1 For the purpose of this outline, the following definitions apply.5.2 PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SWITCH an open, enclosed or dead-front switch, with or withoutfuseholders, intended to operate in photovoltaic (PV) systems.CONSTRUCTION6 General6.1 The construction of a PV switch shall comply with the requi
20、rements as specified in Section 6 of theStandard for Enclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98, except as noted in 6.2 6.5 as applicable.6.2 Multi-pole switches shall be considered as individual poles for individual loads unless marked inaccordance with 23.5.6.3 Fusible PV switches shall isolate the f
21、useholders from the line and load connections when the switchis in the open position.Exception: Fusible PV switches that do not isolate the fuseholders from both the line and loadconnections when in the open position shall be marked in accordance with 23.10.6.4 Doors shall be interlocked to prevent
22、access to the interior of the switch enclosure when the switchis in the closed position.Exception: A means requiring the use of a tool may be provided to bypass the interlock.6.5 The investigation of a PV switch shall take into consideration both the line and load terminals may beconnected to a PV s
23、ource.FEBRUARY 4, 2015UL 98B6UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL7 Spacings7.1 The electrical spacings for PV switches shall meet the requirements of the Standard for Enclosed andDead-Front Switches, UL 98. Those PV switches rated
24、601 1500 V shall meet the requirements for 600V of the Standard for Enclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98.8 Wire Terminals8.1 The field wiring terminal of a PV switch shall have a capacity acceptable for the number, wire sizeand type of stranding associated with the maximum ampere rating of the sw
25、itch, and shall be acceptablefor at least one size indicated in Table 8.1.Table 8.150C ambient corrected conductor sizeTerminal currenta, A Copper conductorsb,cAluminum conductorsb,cNumber of conductors AWG or kcmil Number of conductors AWG or kcmil15 or less 1 14 1 122011011051101 83018184 16145 14
26、136014127 131180 1 2 1 1/090 1 1 1 1/0100 1 1/0 1 2/0110 1 1/0 1 3/0125 1 2/0 1 4/0150 1 3/0 1 250175 1 250 1 350200 1 300 1 400200 2 1/0 2 2/0225 1 350 1 500225 2 1/0 2 3/0250 1 400 1 600250 2 2/0 2 4/0275 1 500 1 700300 2 3/0 2 250325 2 4/0 2 300350 2 250 2 350350 3 2/0 3 4/0400 2 300 2 400450 2 3
27、50 2 500450 3 3/0 3 250500 2 400 2 600500 3 250 3 300550 2 500 3 350600 3 300 3 400700 3 400 3 500800 3 500 4 400FEBRUARY 4, 2015 UL 98B 7Table 8.1 Continued on Next PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULTable 8.1 ContinuedTermin
28、al currenta, A Copper conductorsb,cAluminum conductorsb,cNumber of conductors AWG or kcmil Number of conductors AWG or kcmil800 4 300 5 3001000 4 400 4 6001200 5 400 6 4001200 6 300 8 2501200 4 600 5 6001400 5 500 6 5001400 6 400 9 2501600 6 500 6 7001600 7 400 8 4002000 6 500 10 4002000 8 400 8 600
29、2500 9 500 10 600aFor terminal current other than indicated, the next higher rating is to be used for example, if rated 35 A, enter at 40 A.bTable is based on 75C wire ampacities.cBased on 50C correction factor of Table 310.15(B)(2)(a) of the ampacities of Table 310.15(B)(16) of the National Electri
30、calCode, ANSI/NFPA-70.8.2 PV enclosed switches may also be evaluated for use with PV wire, or other class and strandconfigurations as indicated by marking. See 23.7.9 Bus Bars9.1 If a PV switch has terminals without provision for wire connectors, the connections to the terminalsduring the Temperatur
31、e Test shall be made with copper bus bars. The size of the bus bar used for theTemperature Test shall be 1.55 A/mm2(1000 A/in2) of copper, based on the maximum ampere rating ofthe switch, except that when the switch is intended for use with a smaller bus bar, such smaller bus barsshall be used. The
32、bus bars shall be mounted as intended during actual service. The length of the busbar shall be at least 1.219 m (4 feet) in length. The spacing between multiple bus bars shall be 6.4 mm(1/4 inch), with no intentional greater spacing except as necessary at the individual terminals of the switch.10 En
33、closure Doors10.1 Enclosed switches with external top hinged doors shall be provided with stops to hold them in theopen position.10.2 Enclosed switch doors shall be capable of being opened 90 degrees or more from the closedposition.FEBRUARY 4, 2015UL 98B8UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FU
34、RTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL11 Fusing11.1 Fuseholders and fuse terminals shall be suitable for use with specified PV fuses and shall complywith Section 6.8 of the Standard for Enclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98 except as modified by thisoutline.11.2 A PV fusehold
35、er need not comply with the requirements of Section 6.8.5 a) of the Standard forEnclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98.11.3 A PV fuseholder shall comply with the requirements of the Outline for Fuseholders Part 18:Photovoltaic, UL 4248-18.12 Wiring and Bending Space12.1 The wiring and bending space
36、 for an enclosed switch shall comply with Section 6.10 of the Standardfor Enclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98 except the wire size shall be as indicated in Table 8.1.PERFORMANCE13 General13.1 The sample selection and performance test sequences shall be conducted as specified in Section7.1, of th
37、e Standard for Enclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98, except as modified in Sections 13 21.Table 13.1Sample selection and test sequenceTest Section Sequence 1 Sequence 2Heating 14 X -Endurance 15 X -Close-Open 16 - XShort Circuit 17 - XContact Opening118 X -Dielectric 7.5 of UL 98 X XNote: 1 - req
38、uired for electrically tripped switches only.13.2 For the Endurance, Close-Open, Contact Opening, and Short Circuit Tests, the dc circuit shall havea time constant of not less than 1.0 msec.13.3 A PV switched shall be subjected to the Sequences 1 and 2 of Table 13.1 in the order shown. Oneuntested s
39、ample shall be used for each test sequence.13.4 An electrically tripped switch shall additionally be subjected to the Contact Opening Test withinSequence 1. See Table 13.1.FEBRUARY 4, 2015 UL 98B 9UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM
40、UL13.5 A PV switch marked in accordance with 23.17 shall be subjected to the tests in Table 13.1 in onedirection only. The Endurance Test is to be conducted in the forward direction with the positive pole of thetest station connected to the normal line side or positive (+) terminal of the switch. Th
41、e close-open, contactopening, and short circuit tests shall be conducted in the reverse direction with the positive pole of the teststation connected to the normal load side or negative (-) terminal of the switch.13.5 effective December 31, 201913.6 A PV switch not marked in accordance with 23.17 sh
42、all be subjected to Sequences 1 and 2 of Table13.1 both in the forward and reverse direction, except the temperature test need only be conducted once.Exception No. 1: A switch required to be wired in series such that an equal number of poles (contacts)are simultaneously exposed to the test current i
43、n both directions, testing in the reverse direction is notrequired.Exception No. 2: A switch constructed such that the contact(s) and arc suppression mechanism issymmetrical in design such that the direction of the current and resultant opposing magnetic field is not afactor in the behavior of the a
44、rc, testing in the reverse direction is not required.13.6 effective December 31, 201913.7 Each pole of a multi-pole switch shall be tested with individual loads, unless marked in accordancewith 23.5 and investigated in accordance with 13.8.13.8 A multi-pole switch shall be connected in accordance wi
45、th the wiring instructions of the switch. Whena multi-pole switch is marked for more than one wiring configuration, a sufficient number of tests shall beconducted to represent all configurations. For example:a) For the Endurance, Close-Open, Contact Opening and Short Circuit Tests, a configurationwi
46、th the least number of poles energized would represent configurations with more polesenergized.b) For the Heating Tests, a configuration with the most number of poles energized wouldrepresent configurations with a fewer number of poles energized.13.9 For the Endurance, Close-Open, Contact Opening, a
47、nd Short Circuit Tests, a PV switch intended foruse on a system having one conductor grounded shall be tested with the enclosure or mounting surfaceconnected to the negative conductor through a fuse as described in 7.3.5.6 of the Standard for Enclosedand Dead-Front Switches, UL 98.Exception: PV swit
48、ches intended for use in nonmetallic enclosures are not required to be tested with theenclosure grounded. Devices intended for nonmetallic enclosures shall be marked in accordance with23.16.13.10 For PV switches marked for use in grounded systems, the wiring method of 13.11 shall be used forall inte
49、rrupting tests when all of the following apply:a) The switch is a multi-pole type;b) The switch is marked to require 2 or more poles to be wired in series; andFEBRUARY 4, 2015UL 98B10UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULc) The switch is marked to require the line terminals to be directly connected to both thegrounded and ungrounded PV source circuit conductors.13.10 effective December 31, 201913.11 A PV switch complying with 13.10 shall be wired to both the grounded and ungrounded circuitco
