1、1阅读理解 记叙文精选大题A【2018北京卷】My First Marathon（马拉松）A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher re
2、quired us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didnt do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”.The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not
3、I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldnt even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带)
4、became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!”By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21, I was starving!As I approa
5、ched mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came
6、 in first place had.Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.1. A month before the marathon, the author _.A. was well trained B. felt scared C. made up his mind to run D. lost hope2. Why did the author mention the P.E.
7、class in his 7th year?2A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.C. To show he was not talented in sports.D. To share a precious memory.3. How was the authors first marathon?A. He made it. B. He quit halfway.C. He got the first prize. D. He walked to the
8、 end.4. What does the story mainly tell us?A. A man owes his success to his family support.B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.C. Failure is the mother of success.D. One is never too old to learn. 【答案】1-4 CCAB【解析】本文是一篇故事类记叙文。作者讲述了没有运动天赋的他，在 20 多岁才开始长跑，但是在一次跑马拉松比赛前夕踝关节受伤，可他坚持不懈，最终实现了自我的故事。
9、1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的 “Yet, I was determined to go ahead” 可知，作者在马拉松前一个月下定决心要参加马拉松比赛。故选 C。2. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的 “He later informed me that I was not athletic ”可知，作者的经历证明他在运动方面并非很有天赋。故选 C。3. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same
10、medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.”以及前文中作者行进经过的标志可知，虽然作者是最后到达终点的一批马拉松选手，但是他跑完了全程。故选 A。4. 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签), I can now call myself a marathon winner.”可知，作者享受到了战胜自我的快乐，认为只要努力了就算是胜利者。故选 B。B【2017浙江卷】Benja
11、min West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camels hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work
12、instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.3The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged (蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cats lot was about to improve.
13、That year, one of Benjamins cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamins drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin ha
14、d ever seen.In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creati
15、ng oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting. William Williams, a wellknown painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor st
16、udent. But he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.5. What is the text main
17、ly about?A. Benjamins visit to Philadelphia.B. Williams influence on Benjamin.C. The beginning of Benjamins life as an artist.D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.6. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?A. The cat would be closely watched.B. The cat would get some me
18、dical care.C. Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D. Benjamin would have real brushes soon.7. What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.B. He provided him with painting materials.C. He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.D. He taught him
19、 how to make engravings.48. Williams two books helped Benjamin to _.A. master the use of paintsB. appreciate landscape paintingsC. get to know other paintersD. make up his mind to be a painter【答案】5-8 CDBD【解析】本文是一篇人物介绍类的记叙文。主要讲述了美国绘画之父本杰明韦斯特小时候绘画天赋的培养和他在 6 至 9 岁时受到的艺术启蒙教育。5. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段首句“Benjamin
20、Westshowed his talent for art when”，以及下文第四段首句提到的“In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old”和最后一段内容及最后一句“boy decided then that he would be an artist.”，并结合全文可知，文章主要讲述了 Benjamin West (本杰明韦斯特)少年时代的艺术启蒙，特别是 6 至 9 岁阶段，所以 C 项能概括全文大意。6. 词义猜测题。该句需要结合上下文来理解。根据上文第二段提到本杰明剪猫的毛来制作画笔，导致猫的“毁毛破相” ，而第三段提到本杰明的堂兄 Penni
21、ngton 给他送来了很多画画的颜料和画笔。由此我们可以推断，该下划线句子内容说明“猫的命运不久将得到改善” 。故这句话隐含着“本杰明将很快不再需要用猫的毛制作画笔了，他将得到很多真正的画笔”的意思，答案选 D 项。7. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段首句“In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.”可知，为了更好地培养本杰明的画画天赋，堂兄 Pennington 给了他很多帮助，提供了创作用的材料等，故选 B。8. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段本杰明说的话，以及 “While it
22、 is likely that he understood. The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.”可知，著名画家 William 给予的两本关于绘画的著作启迪了本杰明幼小的心灵，帮助他打开了通往伟大艺术的殿堂之门，使他立志成为艺术家，所以答案选 D 项。模拟精做A【江西省重点中学盟校 2019 届高三第一次联考】On a flight from Dallas, Texas, to Cincinnati, Ohio, to visit a friend in 2008, event planner Paige
23、Chenault daydreamed about the grand birthday parties shed throw for her daughter one day. (Paige was five months pregnant at the time.) Then, flipping through a magazine, she saw a photo of an impoverished Haitian boy, skinny. “I thought, this kid has nothing,” Paige says.The image stayed with her,
24、and she resolved to do something to help. “I decided I would 5use my talents to throw birthday parties for homeless kids,” Paige says. For the next four years, Paige and her husband, Colin, took time out from parenthood to visit shelters to determine how best to pull off the parties.Finally, in Janu
25、ary 2012, Paige launched the Birthday Party Project, a nonprofit organization, and recruited friends and family to help decorate Dallass 75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter with balloons and streamers, celebrating the birthdays of 11 boys and girls, with 60 more homeless kids in attendance. “That fir
26、st party was better than I could have ever imagined,” says Paige.Now Paige and her staff of three paid employees work with regional volunteers to plan monthly themed parties at 15 shelters across the country, some of which house abused or abandoned kids. Each child celebrating a birthday that month
27、gets a $30 gift, a decorative place mat, and an individual cake or cupcake.One of Paiges favorite parts of each party is when the kids make a wish and blow out the candles. “They rarely get a chance to dream big,” says Paige.Her daughter, Lizzie, now seven, often helps out at the parties. Paige says
28、, “The one thing Ive always wanted is for my kid to be generous.”1. What was it that made Paige want to help the homeless children?A. A flight from Dallas to Ohio. B. Her daughters birthday.C. The photo of a Haitian boy. D. Her talent for throwing parties.2. What does the underlined word “impoverish
29、ed” mean?A. adorable B. poor C. talented D. dead3. What can be learnt from the passage?A. A total of 75 full-time workers are employed by Paige at present.B. After unsuccessful attempts, Paige finally threw a wonderful party for the homeless kids.C. Kids can spend $30 to celebrate their birthday.D.
30、Paige commits herself to the cause of helping the homeless kids.4. What kind of person do you think Paige is?A. Caring and sensitive. B. Competent and loyal.C. Kind and perseverant. D. Responsible and disciplined.【答案】1-4 CBDC【解析】本文为记叙文。2008 年，在从得克萨斯州达拉斯飞往俄亥俄州辛辛那提看望朋友的航班上，活动策划人佩吉切诺特梦想着有一天能为女儿举办盛大的生日派
31、对。 （佩吉当时怀孕五个月）然后，她翻阅一本杂6志，看到了一张照片，照片上是一个贫穷的海地男孩，瘦骨嶙峋。于是就开始了帮助那些孩子们的行动。1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The image stayed with her, and she resolved to do something to help.”（这个照片里的形象一直在她心里，她决定做点什么来帮助她）可知，杂志上那个瘦骨嶙峋的海地男孩让佩吉决定帮助那些无家可归的孩子们。故 C 选项正确。2. 词义猜测题。根据划线词句中的 skinny（瘦骨嶙峋）及下文“I thought, this kid has nothing”（我想，这个
32、男孩一无所有）可知，此处意为“一个贫穷的海地男孩” 。A. adorable“可爱的，可敬重的” ；B. poor“贫穷的，可怜的” ；C. talented“有才能的” ；D. dead“无生命的” 。故 B 选项正确。3. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I decided I would use my talents to throw birthday parties for homeless kids”（我决定利用我的才能为无家可归的孩子举办生日派对）以及接下来四个月她和丈夫所做的努力，后期所组织的生日派对可知，佩吉一直致力于帮助无家可归的孩子们。故 D 选项正确。4. 推理判断题。佩吉一
33、直致力于帮助无家可归的孩子们，由此可知，她是一个善良而又锲而不舍的人。故 C 选项正确。B【河南省天一大联考“顶尖计划”2019 届高三第二次考试（2 月） 】I got on the bus, dirty and tired after work. It was a sunny day but most of mine had been spent in a dimly-lit warehouse. Needless to say, I left that place every day looking like I worked in a coal mine. However, even
34、with my addiction to alcohol at that time, I still felt a bit proud of myself. I had held this temporary job for 3 months, which was extremely rare.As I took my seat on the bus going home, I decided that the unpleasant thoughts of my real life would not ruin my spirit today. I lifted my head and smi
35、led at the two elderly ladies sitting across from me and they smiled back and nodded.I sat back in my seat, fantasizing about a better and new life but was rudely interrupted by our new passenger. She was about thirty but her hair was messy and most of her front teeth were missing. She got on and ag
36、gressively pushed her way into a front seat. Then she told the driver that she had no money and looked angrily at whoever dared to look her way.All I could feel for this woman was sympathy. Just then, she turned her threatening gaze (凝视）towards me and yelled, “Why you so dirty man?” I smiled and sai
37、d, “I just came from work.” She then asked loudly if I worked in hell and burst into laughter.so I laughed too with her, and told her that was funny. Then I asked her her name as I explained my situation. Her name was Karen.In front of all of us, the miracle and power of kindness showed its beauty.
38、This woman transformed. Her language, behavior and even voice changed when I spoke to her as a friend.7As Karen and I became instant friends, everyone had been watching our interchange. After saying goodbye to each other, I turned and got what my aimless life had needed all along: affirmation. The t
39、wo old women were holding each other with tears of joy in their eyes and other passengers also gave me thumbs-up signs.5. Why did the author feel a bit proud after work?A. He was a coal miner. B. He had got rid of the addiction.C. He had worked 3 months. D. He was content with his life.6. Why did th
40、e author greet the two elderly ladies?A. To get acknowledged. B. To offer necessary help.C. To keep his spirit active. D. To interrupt their conversation.7. What does the underlined word “affirmation” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Approval. B.Caution. C. Friendship. D.Tolerance.8. What woul
41、d be the best title for the text?A. Do good deeds and win praises. B. Never look down upon anybody.C. Change a person with your heart. D. Show sympathy instead of rudeness.【答案】5-6 CCAC【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者劳累一天后坐公交回家时，一位蓬头垢面的女士上车了，举止粗鲁，质问和嘲笑作者，而作者却不生气，反倒对这位女士有同情心，以平等的朋友关系来对待这位女士。这位女士被感动了，举止和说话都变礼貌了。车上的其他乘客
42、对作者的表现大加赞扬。5. 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者当时还有酒瘾，能罕见地把临时工作干了 3 个月，这让作者有一点自豪。故选 C。6. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“I decided that the unpleasant thoughts of my real life would not ruin my spirit today”可知，作者决定不能让自己现实生活中不开心的事情影响自己的内心世界，要保持积极的心态。故选 C。7. 词义猜测题。根据作者前面的叙述可知，作者正处于人生低谷，需要的是别人的肯定。而最后一段中的最后一句也表明作者转身后看到了其他乘客的赞许。由此推断画线单词意为“
43、肯定，赞同” 。故选 A。8. 主旨大意题。文章主要叙述了作者用同情心，积极向上、平等待人的心态感化了一位生活艰苦而又举止相鲁的女士。故选 C。C【2019 届高三第一次全国大联考（新课标卷） 】Millions of Americans are abandoning the Thanksgiving dinner table to head to the mall. While in years past, shoppers had to line up before dawn on Black Friday to get easy access to holiday deals, a nu
44、mber of retailers (销售商) 8are now keeping their doors open before the dishes have been cleared from the holiday feast. And many are more than willing to skip football to shop until they drop. Walmart, Amazon and J.C. Penney are among the retailers who began rolling out deals days or even weeks earlie
45、r in the race to win shoppers.Outside Lord & Taylor on Manhattans Fifth Avenue, Janna Holly, 21, outlined her battle plan. “We normally wait until Black Friday to shop for the Christmas gifts. This year, I plan on going to Macys, Forever 21 and Sephora,” said the college student from Austin, Texas.
46、“My holiday budget should not be that much, because I have to pay for tuition, but Ill probably do a lot of shopping anyway.”MarlinaKozdra of West Orange, N.J., came to New York City to watch the Macys Thanksgiving Day Parade with her family, but then went hunting for deals. “Shopping on Thanksgivin
47、g is fine as long as you get to do it with your family,” the 34-year-old stay-at-home mom said.Though the Best Buy in Midtown Manhattan had barricades (路障) outside for the expected crowds of holiday shoppers, only Dag Estrada was waiting there at 1 p.m. on Thanksgiving. He said hed camped out overni
48、ght to buy a television. The store opened at 5 p.m. “I do this every year. Its a tradition,” he said, explaining that his shopping list sometimes includes tablets and computers, too. “It makes me feel like a New Yorker.” Estrada said he starts planning where to shop three weeks in advance by researc
49、hing sales in newspapers and looking online. Then, he bargain-hunts alone. “No love, no cat, no dog, just you and deals,”he said.9. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Shoppers shouldnt give up their dessert.B. The sports trade is very popular on holiday.C. Many Americans rush to the shopping center to buy football.D. Many retailers compete to get their share of the holiday business.10. What may Janna Holly concern most when searching for the gift?A.
