八年级数学上册第十二章整式的乘除12.4.2多项式除以单项式教案(新版)华东师大版.doc

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1、112.4.2 多项式除以单项式教学目标:1.探索多项式除以单项式的方法,培养学生的创新精神.2.使学生掌握多项式除以单项式的法则,并能熟练地进行多项式除以单项式的计算.3.通过学习将多项式除以单项式转化为单项式除以单项式渗透转化思想;4.培养学生的抽象、概括能力,以及运算能力.教学重难点:多项式除以单项式的法则教学方法:讲练结合教学过程:一、复习提问1.计算并回答问题:【答案】(1) 2ab(2) 14c2.以上的计算是什么运算?能否叙述这种运算的法则?二、新课讲解1新课引入对照整式乘法的学习顺序,下面我们应该研究整式除法的什么内容?在学生思考的基础上,点明本节的主题,并板书标题2法则的推导

2、引例:计算( am+bm+cm)m我们曾把多项式乘以单项式的运算转化为单项式乘以单项式的运算来进行,那么多项式除以单项式的运算是否也能进行类似的转化呢?根据除法的意义,( ma mb mc) m 就是要求一个多项式,使它与 m 的积是 ma mb mc m( a b c) ma mb mc;2 ( ma mb mc) m a b c;又 aba b c;( ma mb mc) m m以上的思想,可以概括为“法则”:法则的语言表达是3巩固法则例 1:计算:(1)(9 x415 x26 x)3 x;(2)(28 a3b2c a b314 a b )(7 a2b)解(1)(9 x415 x 6 x)

3、3 x 9 x 3x15 x23x6 x3x 3 x 5 x2(2)(28 a3b c a2b314 a2b )(7 a2b) 28 a b2c(7 a b) a b3(7 a b)14 a b2(7 a2b)4 abc 1b 2 b三、随堂练习计算:(6 xy+5x) x (8 xy-6x2y)2 xy(15 x2y-10xy2)5 xy (8 a2-4ab)(-4 a)(25 x3+15x2-20x)(-5 x)解:(6 xy+5x) x=6y+5;(8 xy-6x2y)2 xy=4-3x;(15 x2y-10xy2)5 xy=3x-2y;3(8 a2-4ab)(-4 a)=-2 a+b;(25 x3+15x2-20x)(-5 x)=-5 x2-3x+4;四、小结1多项式除以单项式的法则写成下面的形式是否正确?(a+b c)m=am+bm+cm答:上面的等式也反映出多项式除以单项式的基本方法(两个要点):(1)多项式的每一项除以单项式;(2)所得的商相加所以它也可以是多项式除以单项式法则的数字表示形成学习了负指数之后,我们可以理解 A.B.c是否能被 m整除不是关键问题2多项式除以单项式的商在项数与各项的符号与什么式子有联系?有何联系?五、作业:习题.

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