福建省石狮市八年级数学下册第16章分式16.4零指数幂与负整指数幂导学案(无答案)(新版)华东师大版.doc

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1、116.4 零指数幂与负整数指数幂【学习目标】 1.理解零指数幂、负整数指数幂和科学记数法的概 念。2.会利用零指数幂与负整数指数幂进行实数的计算。3.体会数学与实际生活中联系。【重点】零指数幂、负整数指数幂和科学记数法。【难点】利用零指数幂与负整数指数幂进行实数的计算。【使用说明与学法指导】1、认真阅读课本 P17-P20,初步理解零指数幂、负整数指数幂和科学记数法的概念;再针对预习案二次阅读教材,解答预习案中的问题;疑惑随时记录在“我的疑惑”栏内,准备课上讨论质疑;2、通过预习能够掌握零指数幂和负整数指数幂,并能进行实数的计算。预 习 案1、预习自学回忆正整数指数幂的运算性质:(1)同底数

2、的幂的乘法: (2)幂的乘方: (3)积的乘方: (4)同底数的幂的除法: (5) 分式的乘方: (n 是正整数); nba)(思考:在同底数幂的除法公式时,有一个附加条件: m n,即被除数的指数大于除数的指数.当被除数的指数不大于除 数的指数,即 m = n 或 m n 时,情况怎样呢?导 学 案 装 订 线 2二、我的疑惑_探 究 案探究点一:零指数幂与负整数指数幂。例 1 计算并总结规律:5252,10 3103, a5a5 (a0).概括: 例 2 计算并总结规律:5255, 10 3107,概括: 探究点二:科学记数法。例 3 已知空气的单位体积质量是 0.001239g/cm3,

3、试用科学计数法表示该数。3训 练 案1、计算:(1) (-0.1) 0; (2) ; (3)2 -2; (4) ; (5)01 211032、计算(1) (2)0125)()( 220)(1()(3、用小数表示下列各数:4(1)10 -4; (2)2.110 -5 (3)-10 -3(-2) (4) (8105)(-210 4) 3拓展延伸(选做)现在,我们已经引进了零指数幂和负整指数幂,指数的范围已经扩大到了全体整数.那么,在 “幂的运算”中所学的幂的性质是否还成立呢?与同学们讨论并交流一下,判断下列式子是否成立.( 1) ; (2)( ab)-3=a-3b-3;)3(232a(3)( a-3)2=a(-3)2 (4) )(2计算:(1) (2) 2316b 1023xy

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