1、Designation: C1802 18aC1802 18bStandard Specification forDesign, Testing, Manufacture, Selection, and Installation ofFabricated Metal Horizontal Access Hatches for Utility,Water, and Wastewater Structures1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1802; the number immediately following t
2、he designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification cove
3、rs the design, testing, manufacture, selection, and installation of fabricated metal access hatches forutility, water, and wastewater structures including utility vaults, drainage structures, valve vaults, meter vaults, wet wells, pumpenclosures, utility trenches, piping trenches, and drainage trenc
4、hes.1.2 This specification is applicable to various configurations of access hatches constructed of fabricated metal of variousmaterials and grades for various loading conditions, traffic speeds, or both.1.3 Engineering design and testing criteria are provided for access hatches to be located in var
5、ious areas subjected to variousloading conditions, traffic speed, frequency, or combinations thereof.1.4 Proof loading criteria is provided to allow the access hatches to be designed by engineering calculation and/or by ultimatestrength load testing.1.5 Production loading criteria is provided to all
6、ow the access hatches to be tested to verify the load capacity of themanufactured hatches.1.6 Hatch loading selection guidelines are included to allow selection of the proper hatch design loading for the conditions ofthe actual area of placement.1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be re
7、garded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered the standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof
8、 the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished i
9、n the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA53/A53M Specificatio
10、n for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and SeamlessA123/A123M Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel ProductsA176 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (Withdrawn 2015)41 This specification is under
11、 the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C27 on Precast Concrete Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C27.10 on UtilityStructures.Current edition approved May 15, 2018Dec. 1, 2018. Published June 2018December 2018. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2018 a
12、sC180218.18a. DOI: 10.1520/C1802-18A.10.1520/C1802-18B.2 This specification is primarily a design, testing, manufacturing, selection, purchasing, and installation specification. The successful performance of this product dependsupon the proper selection of the loading criteria based on the products
13、actual use and the products proper installation. The purchaser of the fabricated metal access hatchesspecified herein is cautioned that proper correlation of the loading conditions, proper installation for the hatch specified, and provision for inspection of the installation atthe construction site,
14、 are required.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4 The last approved version of this historical
15、standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM
16、recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1A240/A240
17、M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels andfor General ApplicationsA242/A242M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural SteelA276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesA325 Specification for Structural Bolts,
18、 Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength (Withdrawn 2016)4A490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength (Withdrawn 2016)4A500/A500M Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and
19、ShapesA514/A514M Specification for High-Yield-Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable for WeldingA529/A529M Specification for High-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural QualityA572/A572M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural SteelA588/A58
20、8M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel, up to 50 ksi 345 MPa Minimum Yield Point, withAtmospheric Corrosion ResistanceA618/A618M Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural TubingA656/A656M Specification for Hot-Rolled Structural Steel,
21、High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate with Improved FormabilityA666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat BarA786/A786M Specification for Hot-Rolled Carbon, Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steel Floor PlatesA847/A847M Specification f
22、or Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless High-Strength, Low-Alloy Structural Tubing with ImprovedAtmospheric Corrosion ResistanceA852/A852M Specification for Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plate with 70 ksi 485 MPa MinimumYield Strength to 4 in. 100 mm Thick (Withdrawn 2010)4A913/A913M S
23、pecification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel Shapes of Structural Quality, Produced by Quenching andSelf-Tempering Process (QST)A992/A992M Specification for Structural Steel ShapesB209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and PlateB210 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy D
24、rawn Seamless TubesB211 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rolled or Cold Finished Bar, Rod, and WireB221 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and TubesB241/B241M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seamless Extrude
25、d TubeB247 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Die Forgings, Hand Forgings, and Rolled Ring ForgingsB308/B308M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy 6061-T6 Standard Structural ProfilesB316/B316M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rivet and Cold-Heading Wire and RodsB429/B429M Specif
26、ication for Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Structural Pipe and TubeB632/B632M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Rolled Tread PlateB928/B928M Specification for High Magnesium Aluminum-Alloy Products for Marine Service and Similar EnvironmentsC478 Specification for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole
27、 SectionsC857 Practice for Minimum Structural Design Loading for Underground Precast Concrete Utility StructuresC890 Practice for Minimum Structural Design Loading for Monolithic or Sectional Precast Concrete Water and WastewaterStructuresE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE2309/
28、E2309M Practices for Verification of Displacement Measuring Systems and Devices Used in Material Testing MachinesF467 Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General UseF468 Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, Socket Head Cap Screws, and Studs for General Use2.2 AASHTO Standards and Sp
29、ecifications:5AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges (current edition)AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specification (current edition)2.3 The American Institute of Steel Construction Specifications:6ANSI/AISC 360 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (current edition)2.4 ASCE Specificati
30、ons:7SEI/ASCE 8 Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural Members (current edition)2.5 The Aluminum Association:8Aluminum Design Manual (current edition)5 Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW,
31、Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.6 Available from American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), 1 East Wacker Drive, Suite 3100, Chicago, Illinois 60601, http:/www.aisc.org.7 Available from American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston,
32、Virginia, 20191, http:/www.asce.org.8 Available from The Aluminum Association (AA), 1525 Wilson Blvd Suite 600, Arlington Virginia, 22209, http:/www.aluminum.org.C1802 18b22.6 The American Welding Society Codes:9D1.1 Structural Welding CodeSteel (current edition)D1.2 Structural Welding CodeAluminum
33、(current edition)D1.6 Structural Welding CodeStainless Steel (current edition)2.7 The U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circulars:10Advisory Circular No. 150/5320-6E3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 AA, nAluminum Association.3.1.2 access hatch, nan assembly
34、 of a hatch door and optional frame providing a horizontal structural covering of an openingthat provides access to the structure below.3.1.3 access hatch door, nthe access hatch horizontal cover that is either removable or hinged to provide access to the structurebelow.3.1.4 access hatch frame, nth
35、e perimeter fabrication around an access hatch door that provides attachment to the opening inthe structure below.3.1.5 AISC, nAmerican Institute of Steel Construction.3.1.6 ASCE, nAmerican Society of Civil Engineers.3.1.7 ASTM, nASTM International.3.1.8 ASD, nallowable stress design.3.1.9 AWS, nAme
36、rican Welding Society.3.1.10 fabricated metal, nan assembly of cut, bent, or machined metal parts that are welded or bolted together to become thefinal assembly.3.1.11 finite element modeling, nto numerically three dimensionally model an assembly by subdividing the assembly intosmaller elements and
37、applying a load to determine the stresses in each of the elements.3.1.12 load level, na number between one and ten that corresponds to the description of the loads and applicable use in thisspecification.3.1.13 LRFD, nload and resistance factor design.3.1.14 production loading, vtest loading to a fo
38、rce level less than yield strength to verify the load capacity of the manufacturedhatch.3.1.15 proof loading, vtest loading to a force level of the load times a safety factor to prove the design of an access hatch.3.1.16 protective coatings, ngalvanizing, painting, or powder coating metal surfaces t
39、o provide corrosion and environmentalprotection.3.1.17 purchaser, nthe person or entity buying an access hatch from the manufacturer.3.1.18 structural stiffeners, nstructural metallic shapes or bent metallic shapes attached to the bottom of the top plate surfaceof an access door to strengthen its st
40、ructural properties.3.1.19 top plate, nthe metallic top surface of an access door that receives the pedestrian or vehicular load directly.3.1.20 ultimate strength, nthe stress of a metallic material when failure occurs.3.1.21 ultimate strength load, nthe “safety” factored load obtained by applying a
41、 load factor to the load.3.1.22 weld filler, nthe material deposited by a welding operation.3.1.23 working stress load, nload applied without load factors, but with capacity reduction factors applied to the materialsbeing utilized.3.1.24 yield strength, nthe stress of a metallic material when perman
42、ent deflection first occurs and as tested at 0.2 % offset.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specification is intended to standardize the minimum load level criteria for structural design of fabricated metal accesshatches.9 Available from The American Welding Society (AWS), 8669 NW 36 Street no. 130, D
43、oral, Florida, 33166, http:/www.aws.org.10 Available from The U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration, http:/www.faa.gov.C1802 18b34.2 The users are cautioned that they must properly identify the anticipated current and future anticipated field loadingconditions and require
44、ments with the design loads. It is not prohibited for field conditions to dictate loads greater than the minimumload levels presented here.5. Designation5.1 The fabricated metal hatches manufactured in accordance with this specification shall be legibly marked with themanufacturers name or trademark
45、, the specification designation, the load level, the nominal opening dimensions unless includedin the part number, and the month and year of manufacture or a serial number on the inside of the access hatch cover or frameas described in Section 21.6. Basis of Acceptance6.1 Acceptability of the access
46、 hatches shall be determined based on the design in accordance with Section 9, the physicalrequirements described in Sections 13 18, the material requirements described in Section 7, and physical inspection of the accesshatches.6.2 Access hatches shall be considered ready for acceptance when they co
47、nform to all requirements of this specification.7. Materials7.1 The material of each component of the access hatch assembly shall be suitable for its specific application within theassembly, to be determined by the expected function, the required strength, and the environmental exposure.7.2 Steel Ac
48、cess Hatches:7.2.1 The minimum yield strength of all steel components of the access hatch shall be 36 000 psi (248.22 MPa) and the yieldstrengths utilized shall be stated on the calculations and fabrication drawings.7.2.2 Material specifications and grades shall be selected based on required design
49、yield strength, formability, and weld ability.7.2.3 The following materials are considered to be appropriate materials for this application:(1) Specification A36/A36M carbon steel plates, bars, structural shapes, and threaded rods,(2) Specification A53/A53M Grade B carbon steel pipes,(3) Specification A242/A242M corrosion resistant high strength low alloy steel plates, bars, and structural shapes,(4) Specification A325 steel bolts,(5) Specification A490 steel bolts,(6) Specification A500/A500M Grade B carbon steel HSS rectangles and rou
