1、 IEEE Standard for Electronic Distribution of Blank Ballots for Voting Systems Sponsored by the Voting Equipment Electronic Data Interchange Committee IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA 12 January 2012 IEEE Computer Society IEEE Std 1622null-2011 IEEE Std 1622-2011 IEEE Standard for Elec
2、tronic Distribution of Blank Ballots for Voting Systems Sponsor Voting Equipment Electronic Data Interchange Committee of the IEEE Computer Society Approved 7 December 2011 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: This standard specifies electronic data interchange formats for blank ballot distribution, pr
3、imarily to assist in satisfying the needs of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) and Military and Overseas Voter Empowerment (MOVE) Act. Subsequent standards will address other requirements for electronic data interchange formats used by components of voting systems for
4、exchange of electronic data. This scope does not include return of cast ballots by electronic means. Keywords: absentee voting, blank ballot distribution, elections, EML, FVAP, IEEE 1622, military voters, MOVE Act, overseas voters, UOCAVA, VIP, voting systems, vote-by-mail Excerpts from OASIS Electi
5、on Markup Language (EML) v7.0 Committee Specification Draft 01 are reprinted with permission from OASIS Open, and are copyright OASIS Open 2006-2011. All Rights Reserved. EML v7.0 is subject to the terms of the OASIS IPR Policy, and all capitalized terms in the following text have the meanings assig
6、ned to them in that Policy, which may be found at the OASIS website: http:/www.oasis-open.org/who/intellectualproperty.php. EML v7.0 and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepa
7、red, copied, published, and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this section are included on all such copies and derivative works. EML v7.0 and the information contained herein is provided on an “AS IS“ basis and OASIS DISCL
8、AIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY OWNERSHIP RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Nonexclusive, irrevocable, royalty-free permission to use
9、 this material is granted for world rights distribution, with permission to modify and reprint in all future revisions and editions of the resulting draft and approved IEEE standard, and in derivative works based on the standard, in all media known or hereinafter known. The Institute of Electrical a
10、nd Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2012 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 12 January 2012. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 7
11、50 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. iv Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1622-2011, IEEE Standard for Electronic
12、Distribution of Blank Ballots for Voting Systems. The current practice of distributing blank paper ballots to Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) voters using conventional postal mail can involve considerable delays, imperiling their timely return. To help overcome these bar
13、riers, Section 584 of the Military and Overseas Voter Empowerment (MOVE) Act requires states to provide for UOCAVA voters at least one electronic method for requesting and receiving voter registration applications, absentee ballot requests, and related election information. Also, Section 585 require
14、s states to provide an electronic transmission method for the delivery of blank ballots. Thus, this standard is intended to assist state and local election officials (EOs) in making available electronic blank ballots to UOCAVA voters in a manner directly akin to absentee voting. Specifically, this s
15、tandard provides data structures based on extensible markup language (XML) to be used for export of election information necessary to construct electronic blank ballots. Notice to users Laws and regulations Users of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with
16、the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is no
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21、 For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA website. v Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/findstds
22、/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/findstds/interps/index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard
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27、minatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Participants At the time this st
28、andard was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the P1622 Working Group had the following membership: Arthur M. Keller, Chair H. Stephen Berger, Vice Chair John P. Wack, Vice Chair Carmelo Montanez-Rivera, Secretary John Borras Duncan Buell Rita Eaton Susan Eustis Kurt Hyde James L
29、ong Neal McBurnett John McCarthy Paul Miller Ian Piper David Webber Peter Zelechoski vi Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. Charles Barest H. S
30、tephen Berger Juan Carreon Clint Chaplin Keith Chow John Cole Charles Corry Geoffrey Darnton Ryan Dellolio Thomas Dineen Paul Eastman Rita Eaton Susan Eustis Randall Groves John Harauz Rutger A. Heunks Werner Hoelzl Robert Holibaugh Mark Jaeger Elan Kaplan Piotr Karocki Arthur M. Keller Henry Khoo S
31、tanley Klein Thomas Kurihara Paul Lambert Vincent Lipsio William Lumpkins Neal McBurnett Carmelo Montanez-Rivera James Moore Michael S. Newman Richard Painter Ian Piper Robert Rallo Andrew Rodgers Bartien Sayogo Edward Sebes Gil Shultz Walter Struppler Beth Surber Thomas Tullia John Vergis John P. W
32、ack David Webber Aaron Wilson Oren Yuen Peter ZelechoskiWhen the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 7 December 2011, it had the following membership: Richard H. Hulett, Chair John Kulick, Vice Chair Robert M. Grow, Past President Judith Gorman, Secretary Masayuki Ariyoshi William Bart
33、ley Ted Burse Clint Chaplin Wael Diab Jean-Philippe Faure Alexander Gelman Paul Houz Jim Hughes Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Thomas Lee Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted Olsen Gary Robinson Jon Walter Rosdahl Sam Sciacca Mike Seavey Curtis Siller Phil Winston Howard Wolfman Don Wright *Member Emerit
34、us Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC Representative Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Michelle Turner IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Malia Zaman IEEE Standards Program Mana
35、ger, Technical Program Development vii Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 1.3 Additional rationale . 1 1.4 Document structure 2 2. Normative references 2 3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 2 3.1 Definitions . 2 3.2 Acronyms and abbre
36、viations . 4 4. Document conventions . 4 5. Summary 5 6. Actors and stakeholders 6 7. Assumptions and preconditions 6 8. Main scenario . 7 9. High-level election data requirements 8 10. Security considerations . 9 11. Additional notes.10 11.1 Applicability to online ballot return 10 11.2 Overseas pr
37、inting issues .10 11.3 Return address for ballot usage in EML .10 Annex A (informative) Bibliography 11 Annex B (informative) Example files12 Annex C (normative) EML 505 schema and file .13 Annex D (normative) EML 505 using preconstructed electronic blank ballots 15 Annex E (informative) Other EML b
38、ase schemas .17 Annex F (normative) EML 330 and EML 470 for ballot tracking 19 Annex G (normative) SEAL digital signature elements 23 Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1 IEEE Standard for Electronic Distribution of Blank Ballots for Voting Systems IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not inten
39、ded to ensure safety, security, health, or environmental protection. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, and health practices or regulatory requirements. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices an
40、d legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.i
41、eee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This standard specifies electronic data interchange formats for blank ballot distribution, primarily to satisfy the needs of the Uniform and Overseas Citizens Assistance in Voting Act (UOCAVA) and Military and Overseas Voter Empowerment (MOVE) Act.
42、 Subsequent standards may address other requirements for electronic data interchange formats used by components of voting systems for exchange of electronic data. This scope does not include return of cast ballots by electronic means. 1.2 Purpose This standard defines common data interchange formats
43、 to allow export of blank ballots from voting systems, primarily to facilitate the casting of ballots by military and overseas voters. 1.3 Additional rationale The electronic data interchange formats based on extensible markup language (XML) are to allow export of information from voting systems to
44、facilitate the construction of electronic blank ballots for use with ballot delivery systems (BDSs) so that ballots can be downloaded from a BDS and then printed, returned, and processed in a manner directly akin to absentee voting. The XML schemas and elements described in this standard are include
45、d as part of OASIS Election Markup Language (EML) v7.0. IEEE Std 1622-2011 IEEE Standard for Electronic Distribution of Blank Ballots for Voting Systems Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. 2 Additionally, this standard is to assist the Federal Voting Assistance Program (FVAP), U.S. states and
46、territories, and the District of Columbia in achieving the goals of the UOCAVA (B10 and B11) and MOVE Act B5,1i.e., to assist UOCAVA voters in participating fully in U.S. elections. It may also be useful for other applications, such as permitting consistent export of information between voter regist
47、ration database systems (VRDBs) and BDSs. 1.4 Document structure The main body of this standard serves primarily to explain the background and concept for this standard and to show major steps in using the files referenced by this standard. The annexes of this standard deal with specific EML schemas
48、 and files and requirements as to their usage. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must be understood and used; therefore, each referenced document is cited in text, and its relationship to this document is exp
49、lained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. IETF RFC 2119, Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels, March 1997.2OASIS Election Markup Language (EML) Version 7.0.3IEEE P1622 UOCAVA BBD Example Files.4Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fifth Edition), W3C Recommendation November 26, 2008.5XML Signature Syntax and Processing (Second Edition), W3C Recommendation June 10, 2008.63. Definitions, acronyms, and abbr
