1、第 1 页 共 23 页 空军工程大学 2017年硕士研究生入学试题 考试科目：翻译硕士英语（ A卷） 科目代码 211 说明： 答题时必须答在配发的空白答题纸上，答题可不抄题，但必须写清题号，写在试题上不给分 ; 考生不得在试题及试卷上做任何其它标记，否则试卷作废；试题必须同试卷一起交回。 PART I MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 20 POINTS SECTION A GRAMMAR Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choo
2、se one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. 1. Fool _Helen is, she could not have done such a thing. A who B as Cthat D like 2. _ time, John will make a first-class tennis player. A Having B Given C Giving D Had 3. Intellect is to the mind _sight i
3、s to the body. A what B as Cthat Dlike 4. After _ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel managers office. A that Bthere C what Dit 5. _ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work. AUnless B But for C Except for D Not for 第 2 页 共 23 页 6. Sam is_ hard
4、working than his sister, but he failed in the exam. A no less Bno more Cnot less D no so 7. _for the fact that she broke her leg, Mary might have passed the exam. A Had it not been B Hadnt it been C Was it not D Were it not 8. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because _ going to agree upon
5、 anything today. Aneither you nor I are B neither you nor me is Cneither you nor I am D neither me nor you are 9. Her strong sense of humor was _make everyone in the room burst out laughing. A so as to B such as to Cso that D. such that 10. _at in this way, the present economic situation doesnt seem
6、 so gloomy. ALooking B Looked C Having looked D To look 11. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people _. Ado B hear Cdo them Dhearing it 12. The meeting was put off because we _ a meeting without Peter. Aobjected having B were objected to having Cobjecte
7、d to have D objected to having 13. The oceans _ divide the world_ unite it. Anot as B / / C do not so much as D do so much than 14. Time is what we want most, but what, alas, many use _. 第 3 页 共 23 页 Ait B worse C wisely D flexibly 15. It is absolutely essential that John _ his study in spite of som
8、e learning difficulties. Awill continue B continued C continue D continues SECTION B VACABULARY Directions: There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the ONE word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined part.
9、Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. 16. The official promised to be candid, but we wondered. Adiscreet B open and frank Ccasual D sweet 17. Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets misplaced in transit. Amisuse Bmishandled Cmistaken Dmislaid 18. His miscellaneous expenses
10、include stamps and haircuts. Adaily B many different C additional Dannual 19. In winter, many homeless vagabonds prefer to live in prison rather than to live in the open. Achildren Bwanders Ccriminals Dtramps 20. Because the details of the project were rather hazy, they decided to reject the proposa
11、l. Adubious B unobtainable C lucrative D vague 21. The police decided to make every effort to capture the fiend who murdered the 第 4 页 共 23 页 children. Afoolish person B wicked person Chot-headed person D suspected person 22. His father refused to see anyone and remained a hermit all his life. Ahere
12、tic Bfugitive Crecluse D veteran 23. They found a hamlet in the deep forest with only ten families. Aan empty space Ba cottage Ca small village D a tribe 24. Does he love his wealthy mother or only pretend for mercenary reasons? Apersonal Bpurely unexplained Cinstinct D selfish 25. People who live i
13、n crowded cities often experience breathing problems during the summer when high temperature combined with hoary polluted air. Adrab B stagnant Clurid Dgreyish white 26. We are at a critical important point in terms of his domestic program. Ajig Bmartin Cmartini D juncture 27. If he wins this race,
14、it will make up his recent string of defeats. Aameliorate B atone Casperse D ascertain 28. Health inspectors criticized severely the kitchen staff for poor standards of cleanliness. Acastigated Bcapitulated Ccorroded D debilitated 29. She was seized the cramps while swimming. Asharks Bswift currents
15、 Cstorms D sharp pains 30. He is one of the young ladys fervent admirers. 第 5 页 共 23 页 A ardent B young C first D unseen PART II Close Text 10 POINTS Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on your ANSWER SHEET. The human nose is an
16、underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 41 this is largely because, 42 animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are 43 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 44 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, 4
17、5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 46 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 47 human smells even when these are 48 to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 49 others are sensitive to the smells
18、 of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 50 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 51 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 52 can suddenly become s
19、ensitive to it when 53 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it 54 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 55 new receptors if necessary. This may 56 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smellswe simply do not
20、need to be. We are not 57 of the usual smell of our own house, but we 58 new smells when we visit 第 6 页 共 23 页 someone elses. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 59 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 60 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. 41. A but B as C altho
21、ugh D while 42. A besides B unlike C excluding D above 43. A confined B committed C dedicated D limited 44. A catching B tracking C missing D ignoring 45. A anyway B though C instead D therefore 46. A even if B if only C only if D as if 47. A determining B discovering C distinguishing D detecting 48
22、. A diluted B dissolved C dispersed D diffused 49. A when B since C for D whereas 50. A unique B particular C unusual D typical 51. A messages B stimuli C signs D impulses 52. A at first B at all C at large D at times 53. A subjected B left C drawn D exposed 54. A ineffective B incompetent C ineffic
23、ient D insufficient 55. A introduce B summon C trigger D create 56. A still B also C otherwise D nevertheless 57. A sure B stick C aware D tired 58. A tolerate B repel C neglect D notice 59. A suitable B reliable C identifiable D available 第 7 页 共 23 页 60. A aside from B such as C along with D simil
24、ar to PART III PROOFREADING colonial expansion and the establishment of a world-wide trading network would have been possible without hemp. Nowadays, ships cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibers, and scientists are now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be revived for the
25、production of paper and pulp. According to its proponents, four times as that much paper can be produced from land, using hemp rather than trees. However, there is a problem: hemp is illegal in many countries of the world. This plant, so useful for fiber, rope, oil, fuel and textiles, is species of
26、cannabis, related to the plant which marijuana is produced. In the late 1930s, a movement to ban the drug marijuana began to gather force, resulted in the eventual banning of the cultivation not only of the plant used to producing the drug, but also of the commercial fiber-producing 61. _ 62. _ 63.
27、_ 64. _ 65. _ 66. _ 67. _ 68. _ 第 9 页 共 23 页 hemp plant despite the fact marijuana cannot be produced from the hemp plant, since it contains almost no THC (the active ingredient in the drug). 69. _ 70. _ PART IV READING COMPREHENSION 30 POINTS Directions: In this part there are four reading passages
28、 followed by a total of twenty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on the answer sheet. TEXT A (5 points) During the 1970s and 1980s political extremism and terrorism frequently focused on “national liberation” and economic issues. The collapse of the Soviet bloc,
29、 and the ending of its covert funding and encouragement of terrorism led to a decline in the militant and violent left-wing terrorist groups that was a feature of the age. The 1990s have seen the development of a “new terrorism”. This is not to say that state-backed terrorism has ceased, but rather
30、that the spectrum of terrorism has widened. The new terrorism may seek out military or government targets, but it also seeks out symbolic civilian targets, and the victims have mostly been innocent civilians. Growing concern about this new terrorism has been paralleled by concern about the employmen
31、t of the new information and communication technologies (ICTs). ICTs offer a new dimension for political extremists and terrorists. They allow the diffusion of command and control; they allow boundless new opportunities for 第 10 页 共 23 页 communication, and they allow the players to target the inform
32、ation stores, processes and communications of their opponents. The sophistication of the modern nation-state, and its dependency on computer-based ICTs, make the state ever more vulnerable. The use of ICTs to influence, disrupt or damage a nation, its institutions or population by influencing the me
33、dia, or by subversion, has been called “netwar”. The full range of weapons in the cyberspace armory can be employed in netwar; from propaganda campaigns at one level to interference with databases and networks at the other. What particularly distinguishes netwar from other forms of war is that it ta
34、rgets information and communications, and may be used to alter thinking or disrupt planned actions. In this sense it can be distinguished from earlier forms of warfare economic wars that target the means of production, and political wars that target leadership and government. Netwar is therefore of
35、particular interest to those engaged in non-military war, or those operating at sub-state level. Clearly nation-states might also consider it as an adjunct to military war or as an option prior to moving on to military war. So far, however, it appears to be of greater interest to extremist advocacy
36、groups and terrorists. Because there are no physical limits or boundaries, netwar has been adopted by groups who operate across great distances or transnationally. The growth of such groups, and their growing powers in relation to those of nation states, suggests an evolving power-based relationship
37、 for both. Military strategist Martin Van Creveld has suggested that war in the future is more likely to be waged between such groups and states rather than between states and states. 第 11 页 共 23 页 Most modern adversaries of nation states in the realm of low intensity conflict, such as international
38、 terrorists, single-issue extremists and ethnic and religious extremists are organized in networks, although their leadership may sometimes be hierarchical. Law enforcement and security agencies therefore often have difficulty in engaging in low intensity conflict against such networks because they
39、are ill suited to do so. Their doctrine, training and modus(形式 ) of operation have, all too often, been predicated on combating a hierarchy of command, like their own. Only now are low-intensity conflict and terrorism recognized as “strategic” threats to nation-states, and countries which until very
40、 recently thought that terrorism was something that happened elsewhere, have become victims themselves. The Tokyo subway attacked by the Aum Shinriko and the Oklahoma City bombing would have been unthinkable a generation ago, and not only was the civil population unprepared, but also law enforcement
41、. And this despite clear warning signs that such attacks were in the offing. The potential for physical conflict to be replaced by attacks on information infrastructures has caused states to rethink their concepts of warfare, threats and national assets, at a time when information is recognized as a
42、 national asset. The adoption of new information technologies and the use of new communication media, such as the Internet, create vulnerabilities that can be exploited by individuals, organizations and state. 71. Which of the following is a major feature of the new terrorism? A It obtains financial
43、 support from foreign powers B It focuses on military targets of the enemy states. 第 12 页 共 23 页 C It tends to be organized in a hierarchical manner D It may choose important civilian targets to attack. 72. Netwar should be understood as a war aimed at _. A disrupting the enemys communication system
44、s B damaging the institutions of the enemy state C manipulating the enemys means of production D destroying the leadership of the enemy state 73. We can infer from the passage that _. A traditional terrorism was mainly driven by religious fervor B ideological differences will continue to be a cause
45、of terrorism C attacks from small terrorist groups will increasing D the high-tech weapons will greatly facilitate terrorist attacks 74. The best title of the passage is _. A ICT: A New Weapon for Terrorism B Netwar: An unfamiliar Form of Warfare C Internet: A Vulnerable Target of Extremists D “New
46、Terrorism”: A Real Threat to the World 75. The main difficulty the police have in combating terrorist groups is _. A their poor equipment B the insufficiency of budget C the polices obsolete(陈旧的 ) way of command D the transnational nature of the new terrorism TEXT B (10 points) 第 13 页 共 23 页 If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercises and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon. Professor Taij
