1、2010年厦门大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：42.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：12，分数：24.00)1.Vanity Fair（分数：2.00）_2.“Anecdote of the Jar“（分数：2.00）_3.The Color Purple（分数：2.00）_4.“Dover Beach“（分数：2.00）_5.A Passage to India（分数：2.00）_6.Possession（分数：2.00）_7.O Pioneers!（分数：2.00）_8.Desire Under the Elms（分数：2.00）_9.black hum
2、or（分数：2.00）_10.Beat Generation（分数：2.00）_11.New Criticism（分数：2.00）_12.round character（分数：2.00）_二、评论题(总题数：6，分数：12.00)13.Holden Caulfield(from; The Catcher in the Rye)（分数：2.00）_14.Willy Loman(from; Death of a Salesman)（分数：2.00）_15.Elizabeth Bennet(from: Pride and Prejudice)（分数：2.00）_16.Sartoris Snopes,
3、 or the younger son(from: “Barn Burning“)（分数：2.00）_17.Tess(from; Tess of the d“Urbervilles)（分数：2.00）_18.Ahab(from: Moby Dick)（分数：2.00）_三、问答题(总题数：2，分数：4.00)19.English Romanticism is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge“s Lyrical Ballads. Why is Lyrical
4、 Ballads considered the milestone to mark the beginning of English Romanticism?（分数：2.00）_20.Please explain Ernest Hemingway“s “iceberg theory“ of writing, How does Hemingway“s own writing illustrate this theory? Please illustrate your points with examples from one of his novels or short stories.（分数：
5、2.00）_四、分析题(总题数：1，分数：2.00)21.Read the following poem and write a short essay based on the following questions in about 100 words.(8 points)Saturday at the Canal(1998)By Gary Soto(1952)I was hoping to be happy by seventeen.School was a sharp check mark in the roll book,An obnoxious tuba playing at no
6、on because our teamWas going to win at night. The teachers wereToo close to dying to understand. The hallwaysStank of poor grades and unwashed hair. Thus,A friend and I sat watching the water on Saturday,Neither of us talking much, just warming ourselvesBy hurling large rocks at the dusty groundAnd
7、feeling awful because San Francisco was a postcardOn a bedroom wall. We wanted to go there,Hitchhike under the last migrating birdsAnd be with people who knew more than three chordsOn a guitar. We didn“t drink or smoke,But our hair was shoulder length, wild whenThe wind picked up and the shadows ofT
8、his loneliness gripped loose dirt. By bus or car,By the sway of train over a long bridge,We wanted to get out. The years frozeAs we sat on the bank. Our eyes followed the water,White-tipped but dark underneath, racing out of town.Questions:A. What does the first line “I was hoping to be happy by sev
9、enteen“ imply about the theme of the poem? How is the theme developed in this poem?B. The poem is marked with vivid imagery. Please pick out some dominant images/ motion/ activity and stillness/ stagnation and tell the meanings they each convey.C. What kind of reaction to life does this poem display
10、? How universal is the schoolboy“s emotional experience?D. Meanwhile, considering the fact that the poet comes from a Mexican American working-culture background, how does the poem specifically relate to minority groups“ experience in the United States?（分数：2.00）_2010年厦门大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案解析(总分：42.00，
11、做题时间：90 分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：12，分数：24.00)1.Vanity Fair（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：William Makepeace Thackeray)解析：2.“Anecdote of the Jar“（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Wallace Stevens)解析：3.The Color Purple（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Alive Walker)解析：4.“Dover Beach“（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Mathew Arnold)解析：5.A Passage to India（分数：2.00）_
12、正确答案：(正确答案：E. M. Forster)解析：6.Possession（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：A. S. Byatt)解析：7.O Pioneers!（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Willa Cather)解析：8.Desire Under the Elms（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Eugene O“Neill)解析：9.black humor（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Black humor is the grotesque or morbid humor used to express the absurdity, in
13、sensitivity, paradox, and cruelty of the modern world. Ordinary characters or situations are usually exaggerated far beyond the limits of normal satire or irony. The novels of such writers as Kurt Vonnegut, John Bath contain elements of black humor.)解析：10.Beat Generation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The Beat
14、 Generation referred to a loose-knit group of poets and novelists, writing in the second half of the 1950s and early 1960s. They shared a set of social attitudesanti-establishment, anti-political, anti-intellectual, opposed to the prevailing cultural, literary, and moral values, and in favor of unfe
15、ttered self-realization and self-expression. The most famous literary creations produced by this group should be Allen Ginsberg“s long poem Howl and Jack Kerouac“s On the Road.)解析：11.New Criticism（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：New Criticism is a movement in literary theory that dominates American literary cri
16、ticism in the middle decades of the 20th century. It emphasizes close reading, particularly of poetry, to discover how a work of literature functions as a self-contained, self-referential aesthetic object.)解析：12.round character（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Round characters are complex and undergo development
17、, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the readers. This type of characters is defined by E. M. Forster in his book Aspects of the Novel. The opposite of round characters is flat characters, who are two-dimensional and relatively uncomplicated and do not change throughout the course of a work.)解析：二、评论
18、题(总题数：6，分数：12.00)13.Holden Caulfield(from; The Catcher in the Rye)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Holden is the protagonist and the narrator of the novel, a sixteen-year-old junior, who has just been expelled from a school for academic failure. Although he is intelligent and sensitive, he narrates in a cynical
19、 and jaded voice. He finds the hypocrisy and ugliness of the world around him almost unbearable, and through his cynicism he tries to protect himself from the pain and disappointment of the adult world.)解析：14.Willy Loman(from; Death of a Salesman)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Loman is an insecure, self-delud
20、ed traveling salesman. He believes wholeheartedly in the American Dream of easy success and wealth, but he never achieves it, nor do his sons fulfill his hope that they will succeed where he has failed. When his illusions begin to fail under the pressing realities of his life, his mental health begi
21、ns to unravel. The overwhelming tensions caused by this disparity, as well as those caused by the societal imperatives drives Willy to commit suicide.)解析：15.Elizabeth Bennet(from: Pride and Prejudice)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Elizabeth is the second daughter of the Bennet family, and the most intelligent
22、 and quick-witted one. Her admirable qualities are numerousshe is lovely, clever. Her honesty, virtue, and lively wit enable her to rise above the nonsense and bad behaviors that pervade her class-bound and often spiteful society. Nevertheless, her sharp tongue and tendency to make hasty judgments o
23、ften lead her astray.)解析：16.Sartoris Snopes, or the younger son(from: “Barn Burning“)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Sartoris Snopes is a ten-year-old boy and the story“s protagonist. He has inherited his innocence and morality from his mother, but his father“s influence has made him old beyond his years. He i
24、s forced to confront an ethical quandary that pits his loyalty to his family against the higher concepts of justice and morality.)解析：17.Tess(from; Tess of the d“Urbervilles)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Tess is the protagonist of the novel. She is a beautiful, loyal young woman living with her impoverished f
25、amily. Tess has a keen sense of responsibility and is committed to doing the best she can for her family, although her inexperience and lack of wise parenting leave her extremely vulnerable. Tess is a symbol of unclear and unstable notions of class in nineteenth-century Britain. Beyond her social sy
26、mbolism, she also represents fallen humanity in a religious sense.)解析：18.Ahab(from: Moby Dick)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Ahab is an egomaniacal captain, who lost his leg to the whale Moby Dick. He is single-minded in his pursuit of the whale, using a mixture of charisma and terror to persuade his crew to
27、join him. As a captain, he is dictatorial but not unfair. He is as much a victim as he is an aggressor, and the symbolic opposition that he constructs between himself and the whale Moby Dick propels him toward what he considers a destined end.)解析：三、问答题(总题数：2，分数：4.00)19.English Romanticism is general
28、ly said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge“s Lyrical Ballads. Why is Lyrical Ballads considered the milestone to mark the beginning of English Romanticism?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：In Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth set forth his principle of poetry. As contrasted with the
29、 classicists who made reason, order and the old, classical tradition the criteria in their poetical creations, he based his own poetical principle that “ all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling. “ He appealed directly to individual sensations as the foundation in the creation
30、 and appreciation of poetry. He also held that the function of poetry lies in its power to give an unexpected splendour to familiar and commonplace things. As to the language used in poetry, he “ endeavored to bring language near to the real language of men,“ “ by fitting to metrical arrangement a s
31、election of the real language of men“ to a state of vivid sensation. These principles helped to crumble the theoretical foundations of the classical school of English poetry and to inspire a new generation of poets. So Lyrical Ballads served as the milestone to mark the beginning of English Romantic
32、ism.)解析：20.Please explain Ernest Hemingway“s “iceberg theory“ of writing, How does Hemingway“s own writing illustrate this theory? Please illustrate your points with examples from one of his novels or short stories.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The iceberg theory is that the meaning of a piece is not immedia
33、tely evident, because the crux of the story lies below the surface, just as most of the mass of a real iceberg similarly lies beneath the surface. In Hemingway“s writing, the words only give one small bit of the meaning. The rest is implied. His short story Hills like White Elephants is nothing more
34、 than a casual conversation between two people waiting for a train; an American and his girlfriend. Neither of the two speakers truly communicates with the other, highlighting the rift between the two. In fact, they are actually talking about having an abortion and going their separate ways. The sho
35、rt sentences, simple and active words in the story imply the unstated dramatic tension lurking between each line. In fact, Hemingway firmly believed that perfect stories conveyed far more through subtext than through the actual words written on the page. The more a writer strips away, the more power
36、ful the “iceberg“ , or a story, becomes.)解析：四、分析题(总题数：1，分数：2.00)21.Read the following poem and write a short essay based on the following questions in about 100 words.(8 points)Saturday at the Canal(1998)By Gary Soto(1952)I was hoping to be happy by seventeen.School was a sharp check mark in the rol
37、l book,An obnoxious tuba playing at noon because our teamWas going to win at night. The teachers wereToo close to dying to understand. The hallwaysStank of poor grades and unwashed hair. Thus,A friend and I sat watching the water on Saturday,Neither of us talking much, just warming ourselvesBy hurling large rocks at the dusty groundAnd feeling awful because San Francisco was a postcardOn a bedroom wall. We wanted to go there,Hitchhike under the last migrating birdsAnd be with people who knew more than three chordsOn a guitar. We didn“t drink
