1、2013 年对外经济贸易大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.litigation & arbitration（分数：2.00）_3.Securities Law（分数：2.00）_4.managing director（分数：2.00）_5.globalization（分数：2.00）_6.patent（分数：2.00）_7.expropriation（分数：2.00）_8.counter trade（分数：2.00）_9.negotiable instrument（分数：2.00）_10.s
2、tate of the art（分数：2.00）_11.survival of the fittest（分数：2.00）_12.ASEAN（分数：2.00）_13.CIF（分数：2.00）_14.FDA（分数：2.00）_15.GATT（分数：2.00）_16.GSP（分数：2.00）_17.ISO（分数：2.00）_18.ITC（分数：2.00）_19.NAFTA（分数：2.00）_20.MERCOSUR（分数：2.00）_21.UNITC（分数：2.00）_22.汉译英_23.合资经营（分数：2.00）_促销_股东_贬值_27.技术密集型（分数：2.00）_利率_29.绩效评估（分数：2.
3、00）_30.边际效应（分数：2.00）_31.消费者物价指数（分数：2.00）_董事_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.Language is the primary way in which producers and distributors communicate with consumers. Those involved with personal selling will find that speaking the local language isn“t optional but a requirement for success. Besides
4、 just being able to get the basic information across to the customer, a salesperson also communicates the company“s dedication to the marketplace. All salespeople face an uphill battle when trying to promote a product, but those without the requisite language skills may find that the hill is almost
5、vertical.Language skills will also come into play when advertising and promotional collateral(brochures, manuals, business cards)are translated. A poorly worded document or mistranslated slogan can sink a sales effort before it even starts.(Wanting to assure their Belgian target audience of the stur
6、diness of their vehicles, General Motors“ marketeers once translated their slogan of “Body by Fisher“ into Flemish. The resulting translation read more like “Corpse by Fisher“ with embarrassing results. One could question whether, even if it had been properly translated, the slogan would have had th
7、e desired effect on the Belgian consumers.)The choice of brand names will also rely heavily on how the translation or logo design will play in the new market.Prior to distribution, all translated advertising and promotional materials should be reviewed numerous times by native speakers to uncover po
8、tential problems. All administrative and sales personnel who will be working regularly in the target market must have a degree of fluency that will permit their marketing skills to be effective over the long-term.Understanding the target culture is a continuing difficulty, even for major global mark
9、et players. Pundits may be claiming that the world is becoming more and more homogenized, but there“s only scant evidence of it in marketing. Cultural challenges are perceptual, and perception changes regularly. Having a firm understanding of what a culture was like a decade ago is of practically no
10、 use today. Cultural research must be continually updated if advertising and promotions are to work.Even cultures that have had a long-term relationship with each other can have difficulty communicating. For instance, though the Paris-based House of Chanel has been a name brand in the United States
11、for many decades, they were unable to reach the American market with an ad that was hugely successful in Europe. The now-famous Egoiste fragrance adfeaturing women screaming out the brand name from the windows of a Riviera hotelmade very little sense to the U. S. consumer. The ad was just “ too Fren
12、ch“ for the United States and demonstrates a lack of market research. Another Chanel advertising campaign, this one for the Coco line, featured scantily clad European pop star Vanessa Paradis swinging on a trapeze inside of a birdcage. This ad was quite successful, even though few in the U. S. marke
13、t knew who Ms. Paradis was. In this case, the sexual nature of the advertisement crossed the cultural line. The same ad, however, would have been banned in much of Asia and the Middle East.Very few advertising campaigns succeed in crossing cultural lines on a global basis. Certain categories of prod
14、ucts are more easily “globalized“ than others. Those that become part of a “lifestyle“(beverages, clothing, personal care, food)are the most common cultural crossers. Thus, Budweiser, Levis, Lancome, and Mars have all had an easy time making cultural inroads. Because these “lifestyle enhancers“ are
15、positioned by the “image“ they create, they are intentionally directed at youth, who often prefer to separate themselves from the dominant local culture. Advertising schemes that have the greatest chance of succeeding globally exhibit the following attributes: simplicity, directness, humor and cleve
16、r imagery. All four components should be as broad as possible in composition for the ad to have universal appeal.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.推进经济结构战略性调整是加快转变经济发展方式的主攻方向。必须以改善需求结构、优化产业结构、促进区域协调发展、推进城镇化为重点，着力解决制约经济持续健康发展的重大结构性问题。要牢牢把握扩大内需这一战略基点，加快建立扩大消费需求长效机制，释放居民消费潜力，保持投资合理增长，扩大国内市场规模。牢牢把握发展实体经济这一坚实基础，实行更加有利
17、于实体经济发展的政策措施，强化需求导向，推动战略性新兴产业、先进制造业健康发展，加快传统产业转型升级，推动服务业特别是现代服务业发展壮大，合理布局建设基础设施和基础产业。建设下一代信息基础设施，发展现代信息技术产业体系，健全信息安全保障体系，推进信息网络技术广泛运用。提高大中型企业核心竞争力，支持小微企业，特别是科技型小微企业发展。继续实施区域发展总体战略，充分发挥各地区比较优势，优先推进西部大开发，全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地，大力促进中部地区崛起，积极支持东部地区率先发展。（分数：2.00）_2013 年对外经济贸易大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)
18、一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.litigation & arbitration（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：诉讼和仲裁)解析：3.Securities Law（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：证券法)解析：4.managing director（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：常务董事)解析：5.globalization（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：全球本土化)解析：6.patent（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：专利、专利权)解析：7.expropriation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：
19、征收、征用)解析：8.counter trade（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：对销对等贸易(补偿贸易)解析：9.negotiable instrument（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：可转让票据；流通票据)解析：10.state of the art（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(学科、技术等的)当前发展状况)解析：11.survival of the fittest（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：适者生存)解析：12.ASEAN（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Association of Southeast Asian Nations
20、东南亚国家联盟)解析：13.CIF（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Cost，Insurance and Freight 成本加保险费加运费(到岸价格)解析：14.FDA（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Food and Drug Administration 美国食品药品监督管理局)解析：15.GATT（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税与贸易总协定)解析：16.GSP（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：generalized system of preference 普惠制)解析：
21、17.ISO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织)解析：18.ITC（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：International Trade Commission 美国国际贸易委员会)解析：19.NAFTA（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：North American Free Trade AreaAgreement 北美自由贸易区协议)解析：20.MERCOSUR（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Mercado Comun del Sur 南方共同市场)解
22、析：21.UNITC（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：United Nations International Trade Centre 联合国国际贸易中心)解析：22.汉译英_解析：23.合资经营（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：joint venture)解析：促销_正确答案：(正确答案：sales promotion)解析：股东_正确答案：(正确答案：shareholder)解析：贬值_正确答案：(正确答案：devalue)解析：27.技术密集型（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：technology intensive)解析：利率_正确答案：(正确答案：rate
23、of interest)解析：29.绩效评估（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：performance appraisal)解析：30.边际效应（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：marginal utility)解析：31.消费者物价指数（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Consumer Price Index)解析：董事_正确答案：(正确答案：board director)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.Language is the primary way in which producers and distributors
24、 communicate with consumers. Those involved with personal selling will find that speaking the local language isn“t optional but a requirement for success. Besides just being able to get the basic information across to the customer, a salesperson also communicates the company“s dedication to the mark
25、etplace. All salespeople face an uphill battle when trying to promote a product, but those without the requisite language skills may find that the hill is almost vertical.Language skills will also come into play when advertising and promotional collateral(brochures, manuals, business cards)are trans
26、lated. A poorly worded document or mistranslated slogan can sink a sales effort before it even starts.(Wanting to assure their Belgian target audience of the sturdiness of their vehicles, General Motors“ marketeers once translated their slogan of “Body by Fisher“ into Flemish. The resulting translat
27、ion read more like “Corpse by Fisher“ with embarrassing results. One could question whether, even if it had been properly translated, the slogan would have had the desired effect on the Belgian consumers.)The choice of brand names will also rely heavily on how the translation or logo design will pla
28、y in the new market.Prior to distribution, all translated advertising and promotional materials should be reviewed numerous times by native speakers to uncover potential problems. All administrative and sales personnel who will be working regularly in the target market must have a degree of fluency
29、that will permit their marketing skills to be effective over the long-term.Understanding the target culture is a continuing difficulty, even for major global market players. Pundits may be claiming that the world is becoming more and more homogenized, but there“s only scant evidence of it in marketing. Cultural challenges are perceptual, and perception changes regularly. Having a firm understanding of what a culture was like a decade ago is of prac
