1、2014年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.Overseas remittance（分数：2.00）_3.European Union Emission Trading Scheme（分数：2.00）_4.carbon sink（分数：2.00）_5.TPP Agreement（分数：2.00）_6.COP 19（分数：2.00）_7.Malthusian Theory of Population（分数：2.00）_8.sub-Saharan Africa（分数：2.00）_9.Maas
2、tricht Treaty（分数：2.00）_10.Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea(DOC)（分数：2.00）_11.HSBC（分数：2.00）_12.the House of Lords（分数：2.00）_13.purchasing power parity（分数：2.00）_14.China-Britain Business Council(CBBC)（分数：2.00）_15.Wikileaks（分数：2.00）_16.rep by pop（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.创业板市场（分数：2.
3、00）_19.中国共产党第十八届三中全会（分数：2.00）_20.棱镜事件（分数：2.00）_21.本草纲目（分数：2.00）_22.假冒及盗版产品（分数：2.00）_23.页岩气（分数：2.00）_24.“土豪”（分数：2.00）_25.比特币（分数：2.00）_26.“脱光”(11 月 11日)（分数：2.00）_27.现房与期房（分数：2.00）_28.老年痴呆（分数：2.00）_29.杜莎夫人蜡像馆（分数：2.00）_30.热岛效应（分数：2.00）_31.环球时报（分数：2.00）_32.史记（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_34.The b
4、iographer should sternly confine himself to his functions as introducer; and should give no more discussion than is clearly necessary for making the book an independent whole. A little analysis of motive may be necessary here and there; when, for example, your hero has put his hand in somebody“s poc
5、ket and you have to demonstrate that his conduct was due to sheer absence of mind. But you must always remember that a single concrete fact, or a saying into which a man has put his whole soul, is worth pages of psychological analysis. We may argue till Doomsday about Swift“s character, his single p
6、hrase about “dying like a poisoned rat in a hole“ tells us more than all the commentators. The book should be the man himself speaking or acting, and nothing but the man. It should be such a portrait as reveals the essence of character; and the writer who gives anything that does not tell upon the g
7、eneral effect is like the portrait-painter who allows the chairs and tables, or even the coat and cravat, to distract attention from the face. The really significant anecdote is often all that survives of a life; and such anecdotes must be made to tell properly, instead of being hidden away in a wil
8、derness of the commonplace; they should be a focus of interest, instead of a fallible extract for a book of miscellanies. How much would be lost of Johnson if we suppress the incident of the penance at Uttoxter! It is such incidents that in books, as often in life, suddenly reveal to us whole region
9、s of sentiment but never rise to the surface in the ordinary routine of our day.（分数：2.00）_35.The term genetically modified organism(GMO)refers to plants, microbes and animals with genes transferred from other species in order to produce certain novel characteristics(for example resistance to pests,
10、or herbicides)and are produced by recombinant DNA technology. Four main sources of hazards of GMO are discussed by scientists worldwide: 1)those due to the new genes, and gene products introduced; 2)unintended effects inherent to the technology; 3)interactions between foreign genes and host genes; a
11、nd 4)those arising from the spread of the introduced genes by ordinary cross-pollination as well as by horizontal gene transfer.GM crops contain material, which is not present in them under natural conditions, and they form a part of our daily diet. To understand what effect they can have on us and
12、on our animals, it is very important to study the influence of these GM plants in different organisms for several generations. At present, these studies are lacking from the scientific literature. Also, several detrimental effects of GM crops had been showed on the metabolism of animals. The hazard
13、of GMO was shown for animals and the environment in many investigations. Earlier it was shown that consumption of GM food by animals led to the negative changes in their organisms. Experiments, conducted by A. Pusztai showed that potatoes modified by the insertion of the gene of snowdrop lectin(雪花莲凝
14、集素), stunted the growth of rats, significantly affected some of their vital organs, including the kidneys, thymus(胸腺), gastrocnemius muscles(腓肠肌)and others and damaged their intestines and their immune system.（分数：2.00）_36.汉译英_37.科学是讲求实际的。科学是老老实实的学问，来不得半点虚假，需要付出艰巨的劳动。同时，科学也需要创造，需要幻想。有幻想才能打破传统的束缚，才能发展
15、科学。科学工作者不应当把幻想让诗人独占了。嫦娥奔月、龙宫探宝、封神演义上的许多幻想，由于科学发展，今天大都变成了现实。伟大的天文学家哥白尼说，人类的天职在于勇于探索真理。我国人民历来是勇于探索，勇于创造，勇于革命的。我们一定要打破陈规，披荆斩棘，开拓我国科学发展的道路。既异想天开，又实事求是，这是科学工作者特有的风格，让我们在无穷的宇宙长河中去探索无穷的真理吧!（分数：2.00）_38.上海自贸区于 2013年 8月 22日经国务院批准设立，9 月 29日正式挂牌。无数创业者在问：上海自贸区到底能带给自己什么?自贸区当然不只是金融大鳄、商业巨头的自贸区，同样也孕育着小创业者的机会。换言之，这里
16、不是一个靠优惠创富的特区，而是属于冒险者的天堂。睁大双眼，遍地机遇。比如，大量优质外国文化产品、娱乐形式和文化领域的人才将聚集上海，这将有利于这些外资文化公司在华拓展业务，对于国内相对落后的文化娱乐产业也将有促进作用。文化产业的概念很大，里头有无数个细分市场，每一个细分市场不仅自身能赚钱，还有可能产生无数的衍生行业。举个例子，假如米高梅电影公司来华投资，这家在华公司投拍一部好莱坞大片，将有望更多地借助中国企业的支持，如戏服订购租赁，相关周边产品分销，就连电影城周围的盒饭供应都是一桩好生意。据说上海几家专为餐饮店提供服务的演出小分队正在苦修英文，而一些舞蹈院校加派了社交舞、钢管舞等课程，以应对未
17、来消费者和从业者的需求。因此，关键在于作为小鱼的创业者能不能发现大鱼的需求，在它吞掉你之前，找到自己的价值，发展壮大。（分数：2.00）_2014年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.Overseas remittance（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：侨汇)解析：3.European Union Emission Trading Scheme（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：欧盟排放交易机制)解析：4.carbon sink（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：
18、碳汇)解析：5.TPP Agreement（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：跨太平洋合作伙伴协定)解析：6.COP 19（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：联合国气候变化大会第 19次缔约方大会)解析：7.Malthusian Theory of Population（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：马尔萨斯人口理论)解析：8.sub-Saharan Africa（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：撒哈拉以南非洲)解析：9.Maastricht Treaty（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：马斯特里赫特条约)解析：10.Declaration on the
19、Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea(DOC)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：南海各方行为宣言)解析：11.HSBC（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：汇丰银行)解析：12.the House of Lords（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：上议院)解析：13.purchasing power parity（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：购买力平价)解析：14.China-Britain Business Council(CBBC)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：中英贸易协会)解析：15.Wikilea
20、ks（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：维基解密)解析：16.rep by pop（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：人民代表)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.创业板市场（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：growth enterprise board)解析：19.中国共产党第十八届三中全会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the Third Plenary Session of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China)解析：20.棱镜事件（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：prism
21、 event)解析：21.本草纲目（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Compendium of Materia Medica)解析：22.假冒及盗版产品（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：counterfeit and pirated products)解析：23.页岩气（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：shale gas)解析：24.“土豪”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：nouveau riche)解析：25.比特币（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：bitcoin)解析：26.“脱光”(11 月 11日)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Si
22、nglesday off)解析：27.现房与期房（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：complete department and forward delivery housing)解析：28.老年痴呆（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：senile dementia)解析：29.杜莎夫人蜡像馆（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Madame Tussauds)解析：30.热岛效应（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：tropical island effect)解析：31.环球时报（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Global Times)解析：32.史记（分数
23、：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Historical Records)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.The biographer should sternly confine himself to his functions as introducer; and should give no more discussion than is clearly necessary for making the book an independent whole. A little analysis of motive may be necessary
24、here and there; when, for example, your hero has put his hand in somebody“s pocket and you have to demonstrate that his conduct was due to sheer absence of mind. But you must always remember that a single concrete fact, or a saying into which a man has put his whole soul, is worth pages of psycholog
25、ical analysis. We may argue till Doomsday about Swift“s character, his single phrase about “dying like a poisoned rat in a hole“ tells us more than all the commentators. The book should be the man himself speaking or acting, and nothing but the man. It should be such a portrait as reveals the essenc
26、e of character; and the writer who gives anything that does not tell upon the general effect is like the portrait-painter who allows the chairs and tables, or even the coat and cravat, to distract attention from the face. The really significant anecdote is often all that survives of a life; and such
27、 anecdotes must be made to tell properly, instead of being hidden away in a wilderness of the commonplace; they should be a focus of interest, instead of a fallible extract for a book of miscellanies. How much would be lost of Johnson if we suppress the incident of the penance at Uttoxter! It is suc
28、h incidents that in books, as often in life, suddenly reveal to us whole regions of sentiment but never rise to the surface in the ordinary routine of our day.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 传记作家应该严格地把自己看作是介绍人，应该只谈书中明显需要的东西，别的无须多谈。必要时可以顺便谈一些创作动机，比如，你心目中的英雄把手放进了某人的口袋里，你可以去证明这种行为只是无心之过。但你一定要记得，只有一个实实在在的单一事实或是一个人赋予自己整个灵魂的一种说法才值得你展开大量的心理分析。我们可能直到世界末日才会谈论斯威夫特的性格，他有一句话“像在困境中中毒的老鼠一样死去”告诉我们的道理比所有的评论家说的都多。书籍应该只是作者自己在说在做，和别的什么东西没有关系。对人物的描写应该反映性格的本质，作者赋予了作品一切，但这一切又无法表达出作品的总体效果，就像一个肖像画家，他可以用椅子、
