1、华东师范大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI考试真题 2014年及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：2，分数：30.00)请将下列词语译成英语（分数：15.00）(1).社会的道德和心理底线（分数：1.00）_(2).宏观调控体系（分数：1.00）_(3).农村扶贫标准（分数：1.00）_(4).衣食住行用条件（分数：1.00）_(5).基层民主（分数：1.00）_(6).人民的精神文化生活（分数：1.00）_(7).有利的国际环境（分数：1.00）_(8).现代文化市场体系（分数：1.00）_(9).财税体系（分数：1.00）_(10).中华文化走出去（分数：
2、1.00）_(11).社会核心价值体系（分数：1.00）_(12).各类市场主体（分数：1.00）_(13).利率和汇率市场化（分数：1.00）_(14).双边、多边开放合作（分数：1.00）_(15).国家法制统一、尊严、权威（分数：1.00）_请将下列词语译成汉语（分数：15.00）(1).trade term（分数：1.00）_(2).indicative price（分数：1.00）_(3).customs valuation（分数：1.00）_(4).AFTA (ASEAN free trade area)（分数：1.00）_(5).special preferences（分数：1.
3、00）_(6).Commit No Nuisance（分数：1.00）_(7).No Angling（分数：1.00）_(8).caravansary（分数：1.00）_(9).high comfort hotel（分数：1.00）_(10).deluxe hotel（分数：1.00）_(11).concourse（分数：1.00）_(12).sleeper with couchettes（分数：1.00）_(13).film industry cinematograph（分数：1.00）_(14).board of census（分数：1.00）_(15).distributor（分数：1.
4、00）_二、汉译英(总题数：1，分数：60.00)1.明代绘画明代(13681644)社会政治经济稳定，文化艺术更加发达，出现了一些以地区为中心的名家与流派，各成体系，各个画科都得到全面发展。 明代中期(15061620)，随着工商业的发展，作为纺织业中心的苏州逐渐成为江南富庶的大都市，文化繁荣，文人荟萃，此地区画家逐渐成为画坛的主力。许多游山玩水的文人士大夫以画自娱，继承和发展了崇尚笔墨意趣的文人画传统，其中较为著名的画家有沈周、文征明、唐寅、仇英等。 明代绘画以传统的山水、花鸟画为盛，人物画较少，一般只描绘帝后的肖像和行乐生活。但到了明代后期(约 16281644)，绘画领域出现了新的转机
5、。徐渭进一步完善了水墨写意花鸟画的变革，其画风直抒胸臆，能产生动人心弦的艺术感染力。 选自中国画（分数：60.00）_三、英译汉(总题数：1，分数：60.00)2.Students (and others) often, as I said earlier, talk about “using“ this or that approach“I think I“ll use Durkheim“as though they had a free choice of theories. In fact, by the time they begin to write about their rese
6、arch, they have made many seemingly unimportant choices of details that have foreclosed their choice of a theoretical approach. They decided what questions to investigate. They picked a way of gathering information. They chose between a variety of minor technical and procedural alternatives: who to
7、interview, how to code their data, when to stop. As they made these choices from day to day, they increasingly committed themselves to one way of thinking, more or less firmly answering the theoretical questions they thought were still up for grabs. But sociologists, and especially students, fuss ab
8、out choosing a theory for a practical reason. They have toat least they think they dodeal with the “literature“ on their topic. Scholars learn to fear the literature in graduate school. I remember Professor Louis Wirth, one of the distinguished members of the Chicago school, putting Erving Goffman,
9、then a fellow graduate student of mine, in his place with the literature gambit. It was just what we all feared. Believing Wirth had not given sufficiently serious attention to some influential ideas about operationalism, Goffman challenged him in class with quotations from Percy Bridgeman“s book on
10、 the subject. Wirth smiled and asked sadistically, “Which edition is that, Mr. Goffman?“ Maybe there was an important difference between editions, though none of us believed that. We thought, instead, that we“d better be careful about the literature or They Could Get You. “They“ included not only te
11、achers but peers, who might welcome an opportunity to show how well they knew the literature at your expenses. Excerpts of Chapter 8 “Terrorized by the Literature“, from Writing for Social Scientists: How to Start and Finish Your Thesis, Book, or Article （分数：60.00）_华东师范大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI考试真题 2014年答案解析(总
12、分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：2，分数：30.00)请将下列词语译成英语（分数：15.00）(1).社会的道德和心理底线（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：社会的道德和心理底线 social mentality and baseline of psychology(2).宏观调控体系（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：宏观调控体系 macro-control system(3).农村扶贫标准（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：农村扶贫标准 standard of rural poverty alleviation project(4).衣食住行用条件
13、（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：衣食住行用条件 basic necessities(5).基层民主（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：基层民主 democracy at the grassroots level(6).人民的精神文化生活（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：人民的精神文化生活 the spiritual and cultural life of the people(7).有利的国际环境（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：有利的国际环境 favorable international environment(8).现代文化市场体系（分数：1.00）_正确答案：
14、()解析：现代文化市场体系 modem cultural market system(9).财税体系（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：财税体系 financial system(10).中华文化走出去（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：中华文化走出去 the Chinese culture“s “going abroad“(11).社会核心价值体系（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：社会核心价值体系 social core value system(12).各类市场主体（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：各类市场主体 various market entities(13).利
15、率和汇率市场化（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：利率和汇率市场化 marketization of interest rate and exchange rate(14).双边、多边开放合作（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：双边、多边开放合作 bilateral and multi-lateral open cooperation(15).国家法制统一、尊严、权威（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：国家法制统一、尊严、权威 unity, dignity and authority of national legal system请将下列词语译成汉语（分数：15.00）(1).t
16、rade term（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：trade term 贸易术语(2).indicative price（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：indicative price 指示性价格(3).customs valuation（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：customs valuation 海关估价(4).AFTA (ASEAN free trade area)（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：AFTA (ASEAN free trade area)东盟自由贸易区(5).special preferences（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：s
17、pecial preferences 特惠(6).Commit No Nuisance（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：Commit No Nuisance 禁止小便(7).No Angling（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：No Angling 禁止垂钓(8).caravansary（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：caravansary 商队旅馆(9).high comfort hotel（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：high comfort hotel 高级饭店(10).deluxe hotel（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：deluxe hotel
18、 豪华酒店(11).concourse（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：concourse 大厅(12).sleeper with couchettes（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：sleeper with couchettes 双层卧铺车(13).film industry cinematograph（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：film industry cinematograph 电影摄影机(14).board of census（分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：board of census 人口普查委员会(15).distributor（分数：1.00
19、）_正确答案：()解析：distributor 经销商二、汉译英(总题数：1，分数：60.00)1.明代绘画明代(13681644)社会政治经济稳定，文化艺术更加发达，出现了一些以地区为中心的名家与流派，各成体系，各个画科都得到全面发展。 明代中期(15061620)，随着工商业的发展，作为纺织业中心的苏州逐渐成为江南富庶的大都市，文化繁荣，文人荟萃，此地区画家逐渐成为画坛的主力。许多游山玩水的文人士大夫以画自娱，继承和发展了崇尚笔墨意趣的文人画传统，其中较为著名的画家有沈周、文征明、唐寅、仇英等。 明代绘画以传统的山水、花鸟画为盛，人物画较少，一般只描绘帝后的肖像和行乐生活。但到了明代后期(
20、约 16281644)，绘画领域出现了新的转机。徐渭进一步完善了水墨写意花鸟画的变革，其画风直抒胸臆，能产生动人心弦的艺术感染力。 选自中国画（分数：60.00）_正确答案：()解析：Paintings of Ming DynastyIn the dynasty of Ming (13681644), thanks to its social, political and economic stability, culture and art were so advanced that there appeared some region-centered celebrated painter
21、s and schools with distinct painting systems. During that period, all the painting categories have got all-round development. In the mid-term of Ming dynasty (15061620), with the development of industry and commerce, Suzhou, a textile industry center, gradually developed into a prosperous metropolis
22、 in the regions south of the Yangtze River. The culture was flourishing and there was also a galaxy of scholars. The painters here became the main force of the painting circles. Many literati and officialdom travelling around entertained themselves with painting and inherited and developed the tradi
23、tion of literati painting with focus on interest and significance of ink and wash. Among some well-known painters are Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin and Qiu Yin. The painting in Ming Dynasty concentrated on traditional landscape, flowers and birds while there were scarce figure paintings which o
24、nly depicted portrait and funny life of emperor and empress. Till the late Ming dynasty (approximately 16281644), some fresh changes were around the corner. Xu Wei further improved the ink painting, freehand brush work, bird-and-flower painting. His painting characterized by directly expressing his
25、feelings thus producing inspiring artistic appeal. Excerpts from Chinese Painting解析 明代(13681644)社会政治经济稳定，文化艺术更加发达，出现了一些以地区为中心的名家与流派，各成体系，各个画科都得到全面发展。 本句可分为三层，第一层是“明代(13681644)社会政治经济稳定，文化艺术更加发达”，表明文化产业发达。第二层是“出现了一些以地区为中心的名家与流派，各成体系”，写具体表现。第三层是“各个画科都得到全面发展”，写总结性的影响。 In the dynasty of Ming (13681644),
26、thanks to its social, political and economic stability, culture and art were so advanced that there appeared some region-centered celebrated painters and schools with distinct painting systems. During that period, all the painting categories have got all-round development. 句中的“各成体系”在汉语中是动宾结构，在翻译时，为避
27、免句子冗长，使结构紧凑，这里使用意译的策略，译为“各自独立的体系”，即“distinct system”，表现出了“各具特色”的意思。 明代中期(15061620)，随着工商业的发展，作为纺织业中心的苏州逐渐成为江南富庶的大都市，文化繁荣，文人荟萃，此地区画家逐渐成为画坛的主力。 本句子可分为三层，第一层是“随着工商业的发展，作为纺织业中心的苏州逐渐成为江南富庶的大都市”，写苏州的社会经济背景。第二层是“文化繁荣，文人荟萃”，写苏州文化的发展。第三层“此地区画家逐渐成为画坛的主力”，写前两层大背景的结果。 这里的“江南”指的是“长江以南地区”，不能直译为“southern region of
28、river”，应译为“in the regions south of the Yangtze River”。 In the mid-term of Ming dynasty (15061620), with the development of industry and commerce, Suzhou, a textile industry center, gradually developed into a prosperous metropolis in the regions south of the Yangtze River. The culture there was flour
29、ishing and there was also a galaxy of scholars. Gradually, the painters became the main force of the painting circles in Suzhou.三、英译汉(总题数：1，分数：60.00)2.Students (and others) often, as I said earlier, talk about “using“ this or that approach“I think I“ll use Durkheim“as though they had a free choice o
30、f theories. In fact, by the time they begin to write about their research, they have made many seemingly unimportant choices of details that have foreclosed their choice of a theoretical approach. They decided what questions to investigate. They picked a way of gathering information. They chose betw
31、een a variety of minor technical and procedural alternatives: who to interview, how to code their data, when to stop. As they made these choices from day to day, they increasingly committed themselves to one way of thinking, more or less firmly answering the theoretical questions they thought were still up for grabs. But sociologists, and especi
