1、考博英语-试卷 273及答案解析(总分：122.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.Parents often faced the_between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and de-structiveness.（分数：2.00）A.paradoxB.dilemmaC.junctionD.premise2.E
2、ach workday, the workers followed the same schedules and rarely_ from this routine.（分数：2.00）A.deviatedB.disconnectedC.detachedD.distorted3.That sound doesnt _ in his language, so its difficult for him to pronounce it.（分数：2.00）A.happenB.occurC.haveD.take place4.The accommodation was cheap, but the fo
3、od was very_.（分数：2.00）A.highB.costlyC.dearD.overpaid5.My boss insists on seeing everything in_before he makes a decision.（分数：2.00）A.black and blueB.red and blueC.black and whiteD.green and yellow6.The work is not very profitable_cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it.（分数：2.00）A.in the li
4、ght ofB.according toC.on the basis ofD.in terms of7.At the meeting, Smith argued_in favor of the proposal.（分数：2.00）A.severelyB.warmlyC.forcefullyD.heavily8.His attention often_at lectures. No wonder he failed the exam.（分数：2.00）A.branchedB.wonderedC.wanderedD.went out9.Its often a mistake to_appearan
5、ce; that poor-looking individual is anything but poor. In fact, he is a millionaire.（分数：2.00）A.go overB.go byC.go againstD.go for10.He doesnt seem to be able to_any interest in his studies.（分数：2.00）A.make upB.work upC.turn upD.use up11.In no country_Britain, it has been said, can one experience four
6、 seasons in the course of a single day.（分数：2.00）A.other thanB.more thanC.better thanD.rather than12.A lorry_Janes cat and sped away.（分数：2.00）A.ran overB.ran intoC.ran throughD.ran down13.Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply_.（分数：2.00）A.appreciatedB.approvedC.appealedD.applied1
7、4.In the_of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to $ 30 million.（分数：2.00）A.faceB.timeC.eventD.course15.The British constitution is_a large extent a product of the historical events described above.（分数：2.00）A.withinB.toC.byD.at16.He is_about his chances of winning a gold m
8、edal in the Olympics next year.（分数：2.00）A.optimisticB.optionalC.outstandingD.obvious17.The director was critical_the way we were doing the work.（分数：2.00）A.atB.inC.ofD.with18.In a sudden_of anger, the man tore up everything within reach.（分数：2.00）A.attackB.burstC.splitD.blast19.In Britain people_four
9、million tons of potatoes every year.（分数：2.00）A.swallowB.disposeC.consumeD.exhaust20.Id_his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.（分数：2.00）A.take into accountB.account forC.make up forD.make out二、Cloze(总题数：1
10、，分数：30.00)In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, which must be【C1】_for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to【C2】_or refuse these permits, and there is little that can be【C3】_about it, it would be extremely unwise【C4】_a f
11、oreign visitor to work without a permit, since anyone doing so is【C5】_to immediate deportation. There are some【C6】_to this rule, most notably people from the Common Market countries, who are【C7】_to work without permits and who are often given【C8】_residence permits of up to five years. Some【C9】_peopl
12、e, such as doctors, foreign journalists, authors and others, can work without【C10】_. The problem with the Act is not just that some of its rules are【C11】_but【C12】_it is administered, and the people who administer it. An immigration official has the power to stop a visitor【C13】_these shores coming in
13、to the country. If this happens the visitor has the【C14】_to appeal to the Immigration Appeal Tribunal.【C15】_the appeals are being considered, the visitor has no choice but to wait sometimes for quite a long time.（分数：30.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.appliedB.madeC.askedD.wait(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.allowB.admitC.
14、presentD.grant(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.madeB.doneC.explainedD.talked(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.forB.toC.asD.in(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.aptB.likelyC.liableD.inclined(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.exemptionsB.exceptionsC.extractionsD.expositions(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.prescribedB.qualifiedC.entitledD.certified(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.temporary
15、B.immediatelyC.eternalD.next(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.moreB.fewerC.othersD.other(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.permitsB.askC.acceptsD.done(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.unfairB.fairC.justD.justify(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.the wayB.thatC.the timeD.what(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.out ofB.toC.fromD.off(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.honorB.forceC.righ
16、tD.authority(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.WhileB.ButC.AlthoughD.And三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：40.00)The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain mu
17、st be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain. As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising childr
18、en, professional achievement, religious commitment(承担的义务), self-improvement. Ask a bachelor(单身汉)why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The
19、single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole nights sleep or a three-day vacation. I dont know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising ch
20、ildren. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild. Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours
21、to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may n
22、ot be happy at all.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because_.（分数：2.00）A.he is reluctant to take on family responsibilitiesB.he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains singleC.he finds more fun in dating than in marriageD.he fears it will put a
23、n end to all his fun adventure and excitement(2).Raising children, in the authors opinion, is_.（分数：2.00）A.a moral dutyB.a thankless jobC.a rewarding taskD.a source of inevitable pain(3).From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from_.（分数：2.00）A.hatredB.misunderstandingC.prejudiceD.
24、ignorance(4).To understand what true happiness is, one must_.（分数：2.00）A.have as much run as possible during ones lifetimeB.make every effort to liberate oneself from painC.put up with pain under all circumstancesD.be able to distinguish happiness from fun(5).What is the author trying to tell us?（分数：
25、2.00）A.Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.B.One must know how to attain happiness.C.It is important to make commitments.D.It is pain that leads to happiness.Its very interesting to note where the debate about diversity(多样化)is taking place. It is taking place primarily in political circles.
26、Here at the College Fund, we have a lot of contact with top corporate(公司的)leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of those instruments that produce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place, diversity is an imp
27、erative. They also say that the need for talented, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees. And in looking at where birth rates are growing and at where the population is shifting, corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that h
28、elp provide skills to more minorities, more women and more immigrants. Corporate leaders know that if that doesnt occur in our society, they will not have the engineers, the scientists, the lawyers, or the business managers they will need. Likewise, I dont hear people in the academy saying “Lets go
29、backward. Lets go back to the good old days, when we had a meritocracy(不拘一格选人才)“(which was never truewe never had a meritocracy, although weve come closer to it in the last 30 years). I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the la
30、st six years. I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time, and she remembers that when she first joined the community, there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus. Now, all of us feel the university is better because of the diversity. So where we hear
31、 this debate is primarily in political circles and in the medianot in corporate board rooms or on college campuses.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “ imperative“(Line 5, Para. 1)most probably refers to something_.（分数：2.00）A.superficialB.remarkableC.debatableD.essential(2).Which of the following groups of peop
32、le still differ in their views on diversity?（分数：2.00）A.Minorities.B.Politicians.C.Professors.D.Managers.(3).High-ranking corporate leaders seem to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to_.（分数：2.00）A.lower the rate of unemploymentB.win equal political rights for minoritiesC.be competitive in the
33、world marketD.satisfy the demands of a growing population(4).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.meritocracy can never be realized without diversityB.American political circles will not accept diversityC.it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U. S. mediaD.minorities can onl
34、y enter the fields where no debate is heard about diversity(5).According to the passage, diversity can be achieved in American society by_.（分数：2.00）A.expanding the pool of potential employeesB.promoting policies that provide skills to employeesC.training more engineers, scientists, lawyers and busin
35、ess managersD.providing education for all regardless of race or sexRacket, din, clamor, noise, whatever you want to call it, unwanted sound is Americas most widespread nuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to peoples health. Day and night, at home
36、, at work, and at play, noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by ignoring it, the ear, in fact, never closes and the body still respondssometimes with extreme tension, as to a strange sound in the night The ann
37、oyance we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward symptom of the stress building up inside us. Indeed, because irritability is so apparent, legislators have made public annoyance the basis of many noise abatement programs. The more subtle and more serious health hazards associated with
38、 stress caused by noise traditionally have been given much less attention. Nevertheless, when we are annoyed or made irritable by noise, we should consider these symptoms fair warning that other thing may be happening to us, some of which may be damaging to our health. Of many health hazards to nois
39、e, hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by health professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us, there may be a risk that exposure to the stress of noise increases susceptibility to disease and infection. The more susceptible among us may experience no
40、ise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that causes annoyance and irritability in health persons may have serious consequences for these already ill in mind or body. Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example, there are indications of effects on the unborn ch
41、ild when mothers are exposed to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childhood, youngsters exposed to high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessary amounts of rest. Why, then, is there not greater alarm about these dangers? Perhaps it is because the link
42、 between noise and many disabilities or diseases has not yet been conclusively demonstrated. Perhaps it is because we tend to dismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be because we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard.（分数：10.00）(1).In Para
43、graph 1, the phrase “immune to“ is used to mean_.（分数：2.00）A.unaffected byB.hurt byC.unlikely to be seen byD.unknown by(2).The authors attitude toward noise would best be described as_.（分数：2.00）A.unrealisticB.traditionalC.concernedD.hysterical(3).Which of the following best states the main idea of th
44、e passage?（分数：2.00）A.Noise is a major problem; most people recognize its importance.B.Although noise can be annoying, it is not a major problem.C.Noise is a major problem and has not yet been recognized as such.D.Noise is a major problem about which nothing can be done.(4).The author condemns noise
45、essentially because it_.（分数：2.00）A.is against the lawB.can make some people irritableC.is a nuisanceD.is a ganger to peoples health(5).The author would probably consider research about the effects noise has on people to be_.（分数：2.00）A.unimportantB.impossibleC.a waste of moneyD.essentialThere is no d
46、enying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal combustion engine(内燃机)has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons(活塞)being driven. For people should have some basic idea of how the things tha
47、t they use do what they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computers impact on society. But that is not what is meant by computer literacy. For computer literacy is not a form of literacy(读写能力); it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art. Learnin
48、g how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to peop
49、le who have chosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making. Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more “user-friendly“. Let us assume that
