【考研类试卷】考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编27及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编 27 及答案解析(总分:50.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数:25,分数:50.00)1.The term “New Australians“ came into vogue in the 50s and 60s, which implied that the goal of immigration was assimilation and that migrants would place their new-found Australian identity ahead of the _ context f

2、rom which they had come. (2003 年北京大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.athleticB.ethicC.aestheticD.ethnic2.In the war many children were _ from the cities to the countryside.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.evacuatedB.impartedC.withdrawnD.elicited3.Since any answer was likely to cause embarrassment to his party, the politici

3、an tried to _ the question.(2002 年厦门大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.evadeB.deludeC.secludeD.invade4.His_ breathing showed that he had got over his excitement.(分数:2.00)A.smoothB.averageC.evenD.flat5.We shall have to pay the bill_, so lets do it at once.(分数:2.00)A.recentlyB.naturallyC.eventuallyD.lately6.Experts su

4、ggest that speech stages are reached in fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who _ turns out to be of high IQ.(2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.eventuallyB.automaticallyC.decidedlyD.inversely7.He was tried for theft but got off because there w

5、asnt sufficient_against him.(分数:2.00)A.evidenceB.reasonC.excuseD.justification8.Autobiographical advertising can _consumers past memories about the Product or brand.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.exaggerateB.excavateC.extractD.evoke9.The British political system has _ over several centuries into i

6、ts present state.(分数:2.00)A.changedB.evolvedC.expandedD.survived10.If you always_people wont believe what you say.(分数:2.00)A.exaggerateB.expandC.maximizeD.enlarge11.How to evaluate the performance of students is still a problem that troubles many professors.(2004 年电子科技大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.examine and j

7、udgeB.assist inC.enhanceD.account for12.Unfortunately, the rate of his expenditures_his income.(分数:2.00)A.precedesB.dominatesC.exceedsD.prevails13.In some African countries, the cost of treating an AIDS patient may_his or her entire annual income.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.exploitB.expelC.expir

8、eD.exceed14.Your advice would be_valuable to him, who is at present at his wits end(分数:2.00)A.exclusivelyB.extensivelyC.excessivelyD.exceedingly15.Why are some of us good at math, or writing, while others _ at art or basketball?(2002 年上海交通大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.workB.gazeC.aimD.excel16.Language has alway

9、s beenas the phrase goes the mirror to society. English is no _.(分数:2.00)A.explanationB.excuseC.exceptionD.expectation17.The money they took with them was considerably in _ of what they needed.(分数:2.00)A.shortB.lackC.favourD.excess18._ spending can lead to bankruptcy.(分数:2.00)A.ExtraB.ExcessiveC.Fru

10、galD.Unimportant19.All draughts must be_ theroom.(2008 年四川大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.ejectedB.expelledC.excludedD.exiled20.This school is_ ; only very bright children are admitted.(分数:2.00)A.exclusiveB.uniqueC.prominentD.reputable21.These areas rely on agriculture almost_, having few mineral recourses and a

11、minimum of industrial development.(2005 年电子科技大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.respectivelyB.extraordinarilyC.incrediblyD.exclusively22.The report managed to get an _ interview with the Prime Minister.(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusive23.In general, matters which lie entirely within

12、 state borders are the _ concern of state governments.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusive24.Up until that time, his interest had focused almost_on fully mastering the skills and techniques of his craft.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.restrictivelyB.radicallyC.inclusi

13、velyD.exclusively25.The travel agency has a full program of_, if tourisls wish to visit local places of interest.(2003 年上海交通大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.expeditionsB.excursionsC.explorationsD.propositions考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编 27 答案解析(总分:50.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数:25,分数:50.00)1.The term “New Austral

14、ians“ came into vogue in the 50s and 60s, which implied that the goal of immigration was assimilation and that migrants would place their new-found Australian identity ahead of the _ context from which they had come. (2003 年北京大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.athleticB.ethicC.aestheticD.ethnic 解析:解析:按句意,D 项“ehnic 人

15、种的,种族的”为正确答案。其他三项“athletic 运动的;ethic道德规范,伦理;aesthetic 美学的,审美的”都不正确。2.In the war many children were _ from the cities to the countryside.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.evacuated B.impartedC.withdrawnD.elicited解析:解析:本题意为“战争期间,许多孩子由城市往农村撤离”。A 项的“evacuate 疏散,撤离”符合题意。其他三项“impart 给予,传递;withdraw 收回,取回,提取;elicit

16、 引起,诱出(回答等)”都不正确。3.Since any answer was likely to cause embarrassment to his party, the politician tried to _ the question.(2002 年厦门大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.evade B.deludeC.secludeD.invade解析:解析:本题空格处是说这位政治家尽量回避这个问题。A 项“evade 逃避,躲避”符合题意,如:The released criminal always tries to evade the police(释放犯总想不要碰上警察。)其

17、他三项“delude 迷惑,蛊惑;seclude 隔离:invade 侵略,侵袭”都不正确。4.His_ breathing showed that he had got over his excitement.(分数:2.00)A.smoothB.averageC.even D.flat解析:解析:even a.均匀的;平坦的;均等的;偶数的。smooth a.平滑的,光滑的;平稳的;流畅的。average a.平均的;平常的,普通的。flat a.平坦的;平展的:单调的。5.We shall have to pay the bill_, so lets do it at once.(分数:

18、2.00)A.recentlyB.naturallyC.eventually D.lately解析:解析:eventually ad最后,最终,终于。recently ad.最近,新近,不久前。naturally ad.当然地,自然地;天然地,天生地。lately ad.最近,不久前。6.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who _

19、turns out to be of high IQ.(2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.eventually B.automaticallyC.decidedlyD.inversely解析:解析:四个选项中,A 项 eventually 的意思是“最后,终于”,B 项 automatically 的意思是“自动地”,C 项 decidedly 的意思是“确定地,断然地,明确地”,D 项 inversely 的意思是“相反地,倒转地”。根据题意,A 项为正确答案。7.He was tried for theft but got off because there wasn

20、t sufficient_against him.(分数:2.00)A.evidence B.reasonC.excuseD.justification解析:解析:evidence n.根据,证据。8.Autobiographical advertising can _consumers past memories about the Product or brand.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.exaggerateB.excavateC.extractD.evoke 解析:解析:A 项“exaggerate”意为“夸张,夸大”;B 项“excavate”

21、意为“挖空,挖掘”;C 项“extract 意为”“(费力地)取出;采掘,提炼”;D 项“evoke”意为“唤起,引起;使人想起”,句子是说广告引起消费者的回忆,因此选择 D 项。9.The British political system has _ over several centuries into its present state.(分数:2.00)A.changedB.evolved C.expandedD.survived解析:解析:evolve(into)v.(使)进化,(使)演化:(使)发展,(使)演变(如:They evolved a new planThe simple

22、 plan evolved into a complicated scheme)。change v.改变,变更。expand v.扩大,膨胀,扩张。survive vi.存活下来,幸存。10.If you always_people wont believe what you say.(分数:2.00)A.exaggerate B.expandC.maximizeD.enlarge解析:解析:exaggerate vt.夸大,夸张(to exaggerate ones difficultiesones own importance/the seriousness of a problemano

23、ther persons faults)。expand vt.扩大,膨胀,扩张。maximize vt把增加(或扩大)到最大限度;充分重视。enlarge vt扩大,放大。11.How to evaluate the performance of students is still a problem that troubles many professors.(2004 年电子科技大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.examine and judge B.assist inC.enhanceD.account for解析:解析:本题中,evaluate 的意思是“评价,估计,求的值”。四个选

24、项中,examine and judge 的意思是“评估,检测”;assist in 的意思是“帮助”;enhance 的意思是“加强”;account for 的意思是“说明,解决”。只有 A 项符含题意。12.Unfortunately, the rate of his expenditures_his income.(分数:2.00)A.precedesB.dominatesC.exceeds D.prevails解析:解析:exceed vt越出,超过,胜过。precede vt.(位置、顺序、时间等)在之前。先于。dominate vt.在中占首要地位;支配,统治,控制:耸立于,俯视

25、。prevail(over)vi流行,盛行;战胜,占的优势。13.In some African countries, the cost of treating an AIDS patient may_his or her entire annual income.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.exploitB.expelC.expireD.exceed 解析:14.Your advice would be_valuable to him, who is at present at his wits end(分数:2.00)A.exclusivelyB.ext

26、ensivelyC.excessivelyD.exceedingly 解析:解析:exceedingly ad.极端地,非常。exclusively ad.专门地,排除其他地。extensively ad广泛地。excessively ad.过分地,过度地。15.Why are some of us good at math, or writing, while others _ at art or basketball?(2002 年上海交通大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.workB.gazeC.aimD.excel 解析:解析:本题的后半句是说而其他人在艺术或篮球方面胜过他人。D 项的

27、“excel 优秀,胜过他人”符合题意。如:Francis excels as a long-distance runner(弗朗西斯是个出色的长跑选手。)其他三项“work 工作;gaze 凝视:aim 瞄准”都不正确。16.Language has always beenas the phrase goes the mirror to society. English is no _.(分数:2.00)A.explanationB.excuseC.exception D.expectation解析:解析:exception n除外,例外(如:This case is an exceptio

28、n to the rule 这是个例外情况。There is no general rule without some exception 凡规律总有例外。You must all take the examination,I can make no exceptionswithout exception 毫无例外地;with the exception of 除去)。explanation n解释,说明。excuse n借口,理由。expectation n期望,期待,预期。17.The money they took with them was considerably in _ of w

29、hat they needed.(分数:2.00)A.shortB.lackC.favourD.excess 解析:解析:excess n.超越,超过;过量,过剩,过度。in favour of 赞成,支持(不能说 in short ofin lack of)。18._ spending can lead to bankruptcy.(分数:2.00)A.ExtraB.Excessive C.FrugalD.Unimportant解析:解析:excessive a.过多的,过分的,极度的(如:The prices at this hotel are excessiveShe takes an

30、excessive interest in clothes)。extra a.额外的,外加的。frugal a.节省的,节俭的;费钱少的。unimportant a.不重要的。19.All draughts must be_ theroom.(2008 年四川大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.ejectedB.expelledC.excluded D.exiled解析:解析:eject 放逐,驱逐:expel 驱逐,开除;exclude 拒绝,排除:exile 意为放逐,流放。其中,exclude from 可以表示使不能进入。故正确答案为 C。20.This school is_ ; on

31、ly very bright children are admitted.(分数:2.00)A.exclusive B.uniqueC.prominentD.reputable解析:解析:exclusive(of)a排斥的,排外的;(新闻、报刊文章等)独家的(如:an exclusive circle of friends;The actress granted the reporter an exclusive interviewThe hotel charges $50 a day,exclusive of meals)。unique a.唯一的,独特的,独一无二的。prominent a

32、.突出的,杰出的。reputable a声誉好的,可尊敬的。21.These areas rely on agriculture almost_, having few mineral recourses and a minimum of industrial development.(2005 年电子科技大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.respectivelyB.extraordinarilyC.incrediblyD.exclusively 解析:解析:本题空格处是说这地区几乎只依靠农业。D 项“exclusively 排外地,专有地”符合题意,如:“Most importantly,

33、if all of us get news and information exclusively from television,there will be a decline in general literacy”(最重要的是,如果我们只从电视里获取新闻和信息,那么我们的读写能力就会普遍下降。)其他三项“respectively 分别地,各个地;extraordinarily 格外地;incredibly 不能相信地”都不正确。22.The report managed to get an _ interview with the Prime Minister.(2002 年武汉大学考博

34、试题)(分数:2.00)A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusive 解析:解析:本题意为“这名记者设法对首相进行独家采访”。D 项的“exclusive 唯一的,独一的,排他的”符合题意。如:exclusive publishing rights(独家版权)。其他三项“extinct(火、希望等)熄灭了的;excluding 排除在外的;excessive 过分的,过多的”都不正确。23.In general, matters which lie entirely within state borders are the _ concern of st

35、ate governments.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusive 解析:解析:本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“熄灭的,耗尽的”:B 项意为“排外的”;C 项意为“过度的,极端的”;D 项意为“唯一的,独占性的”。本句意为“通常来讲,国家边境的问题都是政府最关切的问题。”,D 项符合题意。24.Up until that time, his interest had focused almost_on fully mastering the skills and techniques of h

36、is craft.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.restrictivelyB.radicallyC.inclusivelyD.exclusively 解析:解析:exclusively 意为“专有地;排外地”。根据句意:“直到那个时候,他的兴趣几乎只限于充分地掌握职业的技能和技巧”,再根据句中的提示词 almost,fully 可知他只关注掌握职业的技能和技巧,故选 D。其他三项中,A 项 restrictively 意为“限制性地”;B 项 radically 意为“根本地,彻底地”;C 项 inclusively 意为“包含地”,都不符合句意。25.The travel agency has a full program of_, if tourisls wish to visit local places of interest.(2003 年上海交通大学考博试题)(分数:2.00)A.expeditionsB.excursions C.explorationsD.propositions解析:解析:本题前半句是说旅行社有丰富的短途旅行计划。B 项的“excursions 远足,短途旅行”符合题意。其他三项“expeditions 远征;explorations 探险;propositions 建议”都不正确。

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