1、南京财经大学 2009年 613基础英语考研试题（暂缺答案）及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：180 分钟)I1.The decision to build a nuclear disposal centre has triggered off a great deal of protest from local residents. (a profusion of)（分数：2.00）_2.It is found in a recent survey that sexism still has a strong influence in many regions in the worl
2、d. (hold fast)（分数：2.00）_3.The successful release of her debut album gave the singer much confidence and encouraged her to achieve more. (propel somebody to do)（分数：2.00）_4.To solve the deficit problem the Prime Minister proposed a tax reform, but the Parliaments decision to withdraw its support great
3、ly discouraged his effort. (be a damper on )（分数：2.00）_5.How to reform the countrys educational system has basically become a social and political problem. (in essence)（分数：2.00）_II6. The satisfaction of killing time and of affording some outlet, however modest, for ambition, belongs to most work, and
4、 is sufficient to make even a man whose work is dull happier on the average than a man who has no work at all. （分数：2.00）_7. The power to produce great art is very often, though by no means always, associated with a temperamental unhappiness, so great that but for the joy which the artist derives fro
5、m his work, he would be driven to suicide. （分数：2.00）_8. The nation has entered a period in which many houses are distinguished less by their lingering similarities than by how they diverge both from one another and from homes of the past. （分数：2.00）_9. Seen from this perspective, the “swinging single
6、s” complexes that attracted so much gossip a few years later are an elaboration on the Sun City conceptthe clustering together of people of similar ages or outlooks. （分数：2.00）_10. Never mind, these days it was always a good thing to have an overseas relative or friend fall into ones lap. （分数：2.00）_三
7、、III(总题数：20，分数：20.00)11.Children, come straight home from school; dont dawdle. （分数：1.00）A.crawlB.lingerC.misleadD.wonder12.The long-term threat to the survival of elephants is the loss of their natural habitat. （分数：1.00）A.ivoryB.environmentC.alliesD.instincts13.Though many scientific breakthroughs h
8、ave resulted from mishaps, it has taken brilliant thinkers to recognize their potential. （分数：1.00）A.misunderstandingsB.accidentsC.misfortunesD.incidentals14.A postage stamp has been issued to pay tribute to Helen Keller and her teacher, Anne Sullivan. （分数：1.00）A.accentuateB.redeemC.honorD.reimburse1
9、5.The rigor exhibited by the general was totally unwarranted. （分数：1.00）A.calisthenicsB.severityC.marchD.cleanliness16.When the hedgehog feels threatened, it tucks its head into its chest and rolls itself into a spiny, ball-shaped mass. （分数：1.00）A.pricklyB.motionlessC.bushyD.spherical17.Alice and Geo
10、rge like to split hairs about whose turn it is to wash the dishes. （分数：1.00）A.start an argumentB.divide labourC.make important differencesD.insist on their own18. The Spanish, French, Dutch, and English all vied for North American territiry. （分数：1.00）A.arrived atB.competed forC.disposed ofD.sailed f
11、or19.Despite dangers and difficulties, the soldiers were resolute. （分数：1.00）A.uncomplainingB.untiringC.well-disciplinedD.determined20.With lasers scientists can probe many physical processes, such as combustion, once beyond our ken. （分数：1.00）A.understandingB.responsibilityC.interpretationD.notice21.
12、Once they germinate, plants need sunlight to grow. （分数：1.00）A.turn greenB.are infectedC.sproutD.become full-blown22.Many movies receive disparaging reviews from film experts and yet become extremely successful. （分数：1.00）A.authoritativeB.lengthyC.uninterestingD.negative23.Innovative approaches to man
13、ufacturing, coupled with the tremendous size of the domestic market, led to the emergence of the United States as an industrial giant. （分数：1.00）A.followed byB.combined withC.deriving fromD.mixed with24.Mary McCarthys satires are couched in a prose style that has a classic precision. （分数：1.00）A.fused
14、B.prefacedC.standardizedD.expressed25.Galena, the chief ore of lead, is a brittle, leadgray mineral with a metallic luster. （分数：1.00）A.petrifiedB.denseC.breakableD.sparkling26.The Songs and Sonnets, by which Donne is probably best known, _ is the basic theme. （分数：1.00）A.loveB.friendshipC.parental re
15、lationsD.citizenship27. _ is a typical feature of Swifts writings. （分数：1.00）A.Elegant styleB.Casual narrationC.Bitter satireD.Complicated sentence structure28. The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT _. （分数：1.00）A.mystery of the universeB.sin of the whaleC.power of the Great NatureD.evil of the
16、 world29.The convention of the desire for an escape from society and a return to nature in American literature is particularly evident in _. （分数：1.00）A.Coopers Leatherstocking TalesB.Hawthornes The Scarlet LetterC.Whitmans Leaves of GrassD.Irvings Rip Van Winkle30.The English people are _, and the S
17、cots, Wales and Irish are _. （分数：1.00）A.Anglo-Saxons, CeltsB.Anglos, SaxonsC.Celts, Anglo-SaxonsD.Celts, SaxonsIV31. （分数：1.00）_32. （分数：1.00）_33. （分数：1.00）_34. （分数：1.00）_35. （分数：1.00）_36. （分数：1.00）_37. （分数：1.00）_38. （分数：1.00）_39. （分数：1.00）_40. （分数：1.00）_VTEXT A In todays society we are now seeing mor
18、e children under the age of twelve developing eating disorders. It is estimated that 40% of nine year olds have already dieted and we are beginning to see four and five year olds expressing the need to diet. Its a shame that children so young are being robbed of their childhoods. Why is it that so m
19、any young children are becoming obsessed with dieting and their weight? I feel the family environment has a lot to do with it, along with the fact that children are constantly being exposed to the message society gives about the importance of being thin. Children raised in a dysfunctional family are
20、 at a higher risk for developing an eating disorder. In a home where physical or sexual abuse is taking place, the child may turn to an eating disorder to gain a sense of control. If they cant control what is happening to their bodies during the abuse, they can control their food intake or their wei
21、ght. Self imposed starvation may also be their way of trying to disappear so they no longer have to suffer through the abuse. Children may also develop eating disorders as a way of dealing with the many emotions that they feel, especially if they are raised in a home that does not allow feelings to
22、be expressed. Children who are compulsive eaters are usually using food to help them deal with feelings of anger, sadness, hurt, loneliness, abandonment, fear and pain. If children are not allowed to express their emotions, they may become emotional eaters. Also, if parents are too involved in their
23、 own problems, the child may turn to food for comfort. Children are at a risk for developing an eating disorder if the parents themselves are too preoccupied with appearance and weight. If the parents are constantly dieting and expressing dislike towards their own bodies, the child will receive the
24、message that appearance is very important. In some families the parents mistake baby fat for actual fat and may try to impose a diet on the child. Not only is that not right, its cruel. As parents you need to set a good example for your children, which means that you yourself should be involved in h
25、ealthy eating patterns. Another thing to remember about children is that they eat when they are hungry and they stop when they are full. Never force a child to eat if they dont want to. Too many families still force children to remain at the table until they have eaten everything on their plate. Doi
26、ng that could cause the child to hate meal times and develop an unhealthy attitude towards food. Exercise is also an important part of everyones life and we need to help our children become involved in physical activity, which means the parents themselves should participate in healthy exercise. Help
27、 the child to find activities they enjoy and activities the whole family can enjoy. They should be taught that physical activity is important in maintaining a strong and healthy body, but they should not be given the message that exercise is important in maintaining a slim figure. （分数：7.50）(1).What
28、kind of message does the society give to the children who are becoming obsessed with dieting and their weight? （分数：1.50）A.It is important to be thin.B.It is fashionable to have diet.C.Its a shame that children are being robbed of their childhoods.D.Its a shame that children are developing eating dis
29、orders.(2).Why are Children raised in a home where physical or sexual abuse is taking place at a higher risk for developing an eating disorder? （分数：1.50）A.They may try to regain a sense of self-control in the way of controlling their food intake or their weight.B.They are actually very hungry during
30、 the abuse so they have to eat a lot when they are free.C.They are not allowed to express their emotions in family of this kind.D.They are forced to eat a lot by their parents in this kind of families.(3).Which of the following is the suggestion that the author gives to the parents? （分数：1.50）A.Paren
31、ts must encourage the children to express their feelings.B.Parents must be deeply involved in their childrens problems.C.Parents must pay more attention to their outlook to show their children the importance of appearance and weight.D.Parents must teach their children to eat everything in their plat
32、es.(4).When the children are doing body exercises, the parents should NOT_. （分数：1.50）A.explain the importance of physical activity in keeping people shaped and slimB.also take part in the activities by themselvesC.try to find out activities that are suitable for the childrenD.encourage the children
33、to participate in physical activities(5).The passage mainly talks about_. （分数：1.50）A.the general situation of eating disorders in the group of childrenB.the reason why children are suffered from eating disordersC.the steps parents should take to prevent their children from eating disordersD.all of t
34、he aboveText B In recent years American society has become increasingly dependent on its universities to find solutions to its major problems. It is the universities that have been charged with the principal responsibility for developing the expertise to place men on the moon; for dealing with our u
35、rban problems and with our deteriorating environment; for developing the means to feed the worlds rapidly increasing population. The effort involved in meeting these demands presents its own problems. In addition, this concentration on the creation of new knowledge significantly impinges on the univ
36、ersities efforts to perform their other principal functions, the transmission and interpretation of knowledge - the imparting of the heritage of the past and the preparing of the next generation to carry it forward. With regard to this, perhaps their most traditionally sanctioned task, colleges and
37、universities today find themselves in a serious bind generally. On the one hand, there is the American commitment, entered into especially since World War II, to provide higher education for all young people who can profit from it. The result of the commitment has been a dramatic rise in enrollments
38、 in our universities, coupled with a radical shift from the private to the public sector of higher education. On the other hand, there are serious and continuing limitations on the resources available for higher education. While higher education has become a great “growth industry”, it is also simul
39、taneously a tremendous drain on the resources of the nation. With the vast increase in enrollment and the shift in priorities away from education in state and federal budgets, there is in most of our public institutions a significant decrease in per capita outlay for their students. One crucial aspe
40、ct of this drain on resources lies in the persistent shortage of trained faculty, which has led, in turn, to a declining standard of competence in instruction. Intensifying these difficulties is, as indicated above, the concern with research, with its competing claims on resources and the attention
41、of the faculty. In addition, there is a strong tendency for the institutions organization and functioning to conform to the demands of research rather than those of teaching. （分数：7.50）(1).According to the author, _ is the most important function of institutions of higher education. （分数：1.50）A.creati
42、ng new knowledgeB.providing solutions to social problemsC.making experts on sophisticated industries out of their studentsD.preparing their students to transmit inherited knowledge(2).According to the passage, one of the causes for the difficulties of American higher education is that _. （分数：1.50）A.
43、the government has stopped giving public institutions as much financial support as it used toB.America has always been encouraging young people to go to collegeC.many public institutions have replaced private onesD.the government only finances such researches as that or placing man on the moon(3).The phrase “impinge on” in paragraph 1 most probably means _. （分数：1.50）A.promoteB.rely onC.have an impact onD.block(4).A serious outcome brought out by the shortage of resources is that _. （分数：1.50
