1、考研英语-847 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Clothes, decorations, physique, hair and facial (1) give a great deal of information about us. For instance, we wear clothes to keep us warm, (2) unlike animals we do not have a protective (3) of hair. But for the purpose of com
2、munication, we dress (4) clothes of different colours, style and material; we wear jewellery and other valuables; we use cosmetics and perfume; we (5) beards and sideburns; and we smoke pipes and carry walking sticks.Strict rules govern the clothes we wear. We do not, wear football boots with a dinn
3、er-jacket, (6) a boiler suit to work in an insurance office. A clerk on Wall Street will wear more formal dress than someone in a (7) job in a country town. Fashionable and smart (8) are associated with good qualities, and well-dressed people have been (9) to get more help and cooperation from (10)
4、strangers. For example, a woman is often given more (11) of help with her broken-down car when she is dressed attractively than when she is dressed less (12) .Rebels consider themselves to be different from other people in society, and often (13) their physical appearance to show this. In the last t
5、wo decades in Britain there have been a number of (14) movements with distinct uniforms. Hippies did not just wear simple clothes but dressed in a particular style that made them instantly (15) .But in our modem society some people (16) choose particular clothes to project the personalities. (17) ty
6、pes wear brighter colours than more reserved people. Some people wear odd (18) of clothes to express their individuality. For example, someone (19) give an impression of high social status, (20) origin and bad temper by wearing an expensive suit.（分数：10.00）A.featuresB.appearanceC.aspectsD.looksA.when
7、B.becauseC.soD.butA.coveringB.lookC.colorD.coverA.withB.inC.byD.ofA.growB.favourC.keepD.preferA.neverB.neitherC.andD.orA.dissimilarB.differentC.similiarD.sameA.clothesB.clothingC.wearingD.appearancesA.found outB.identifiedC.discoveredD.knownA.differentB.fullC.mereD.completeA.waysB.offersC.willingnes
8、sD.piecesA.annoyinglyB.naivelyC.appealinglyD.appallinglyA.convertB.transformC.alterD.varyA.labourB.teenagersC.youngstersD.youthA.cognizantB.recognizableC.rememberableD.identicalA.neverB.alsoC.onceD.seldomA.sociableB.socialC.solemnD.soberA.blendingB.associationsC.combinationsD.mixturesA.had toB.shoul
9、dC.mightD.mustA.ScotB.ScotsmanC.ScotlandD.Scottish二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)I dont know why UFOs are never sighted over large cities by hordes of people. But it is consistent with the idea that there are no space vehicles from elsewhere in our
10、skies. I suppose it is also consistent with the ideas that space vehicles from elsewhere avoid large cities. However, the primary argument against recent extraterrestrial visitation is the absence of evidence.Take leprechauns. Suppose there are frequent reports of leprechauns. Because I myself am em
11、otionally predisposed in favor of leprechauns, I would want to check the evidence especially carefully. Suppose I find that 500 picnickers independently saw a green blur in the forest. Terrific. But so what? This is evidence only for a green blur. Maybe it was a fast hummingbird. Such cases are reli
12、able but not particularly interesting.Now suppose that someone reports: “I was walking through the forest and came upon a convention of 7000 leprechauns. We talked for a while and I was taken down into their hole in the ground and shown pots of gold and feathered green hats. “I will reply: “Fabulous
13、! Who else went along?“ And he will say, “Nobody,“ or “My fishing partner. “This is a case that is interesting but unreliable. In a case of such importance, the uncorroborated testimony of one or two people is almost worthless. What I want is for the 500 picnickers to come upon the 7000 leprechauns,
14、 or vice versa.The situation is the same with UFOs. The reliable cases are uninteresting and the interesting cases are unreliable. Unfortunately, there are no cases that are both reliable and interesting.（分数：10.00）(1).Whats the authors attitude towards the UFOs?（分数：2.00）A.The author is not sure whet
15、her they are true or not.B.The author doubts if they are true.C.The author doesnt think they are interesting.D.The author simply does not believe them.(2).According to the author, leprechauns are just like UFOs because _.（分数：2.00）A.they have the same shapeB.they have the same colorC.they are all pow
16、erfulD.they are all not reliable(3).It is implied in the passage that one of the reasons that people often talk about UFOs may be that _.（分数：2.00）A.they want to tell liesB.they dont live in the large citiesC.there are only few witnessesD.the cases are interesting although not reliable(4).It is concl
17、uded from the passage that the testimony given by one or two persons is _.（分数：2.00）A.always worthlessB.often reliableC.interesting but not reliableD.nearly worthless if it is concerned with matters of great importance(5).According to the author, _.（分数：2.00）A.one should not believe anything uninteres
18、tingB.one should not believe anything which doesnt occur in big citiesC.one should not be too ready to believe things before checking the evidenceD.one should not expect anything strange to occur in the sky over the big cities五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Young people in the early 1980s are taking on a se
19、t of attitudes and values remarkably different from those of the stormy 60s and 70s. Instead of anti-establishment outbursts, todays younger generation had turned more thoughtful and more serious. There is heightened concern for the future of the country and a yearning for the traditions and support
20、 systems that gave comfort in the past. Many young men and Women of high-school and college age are having second thoughts about the “new morality“ and condemn what a soaring divorce rate has done to families. They speak openly of gaining strength from religion. Patriotism, too, seems to be making a
21、 modest comeback.One change in the early 1980s is a questioning of the permissive moral climate of recent years. More young people, while hesitant to preach or to condemn their peers, cite the destructive effects of the drugs and alocohol that are so widely available in the schools. It is peer press
22、ure that pushes teenagers into drugs, but now the habit often is dropped after high school, according to Debbie Bishop, a 22-year-old secretary. James Elrod, a college junior in Kentucky, also reports that use of marijuana on campus has lessened. A Cornell University law student reflects the views o
23、f many with the comment: “I think that drug abuse is harmful to your own health and those around you.“ But he adds: “Drinking is fine only as long as its not done to excess.“With the added pressures of a more uncertain world, most young people stress the importance of a healthy family life. Yet, as
24、they look at the familys breakup that has taken place in the past decade, they concede that the challenge for many is to make the best of one-parent families. “The American family is evolving and changing, “according to Nina Mule, “Women are going out into the world and having careers. Theyre becomi
25、ng more independent instead of being the burden of the family.“ “But a great need remains for a family structure, “says Nina, who still lives with her parents, “because people have to be able to survive emotionally.“ In Atlanta, 18-year-old Liss Jciner feels strongly about whats happened to the fami
26、ly.“ People have realized that the family has disintegrated, “she says, “But todays familyparticularly the black familyis trying to pull itself together and become the strong unit as it once was. “A similar view is expressed by a senior at Brigham Young University: “A happy family means everything t
27、o me. I read a lot about how the American family is falling a part. But I see losts of strong families around me, and that makes me very optimistic./（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT a feature of young people in the early 1980s?（分数：2.00）A.The are more thoughtful and serious.B.They have con
28、cern for the future of the country.C.They have a yearning for the traditions.D.They dont like adult world.(2).According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Young people of 60s and 70s held radical attitudes towards life.B.Young people of the early 1980s begin to
29、turn back to traditional values.C.Young people of the early 1980s follow the “new morality“.D.There were anti-establishment occurrences in 60s and 70s.(3).How do teenagers begin to take drugs?（分数：2.00）A.They want to conform to their fellows.B.They want to be grown-up.C.They are threatened into drugs
30、.D.None of the above.(4).Why do young people stress the importance of a healthy family life?（分数：2.00）A.They want to live a comfortable life.B.With the constantly added pressures of the outside world, they need a healthy family for emotional shelter.C.They dont want to make a living by themselves.D.T
31、hey prefer to live with their parents.(5).Which do you think is the best title of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Young People in the U.S.A Turn Back to Traditional ValuesB.Youth on the MoveC.American Moral ValuesD.Todays American Young People六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The divorce rate in Britain has levelled o
32、ffto roughly one marriage in threeand shows no sign of reaching the much higher American rate, according to the demographers(人口统计学者) assembled in Bath last week for a conference on the family. There has been no increase in the rate in the last three years and although many expected it to rise a few
33、more percentage points in the next decade, none believed it would reach the 50 percent that exists in America.One reason for the stabilizations of divorce is the reduction in the risk factorsfewer teenagers marrying, fewer early births in marriage, fewer pre-marital(婚前的)conceptions.Another reason wh
34、ich was aired at the annual conference of the British Society for Population Studies, was the increase in cohabitation. Some speakers argued that the increase in cohabitation has meant that marital couples are now much more familiar with each other before marriage and therefore less likely to separa
35、te.One out of four couples who marry today have lived together and in the older age groups the proportion is much higher. Some 34 percent of women aged over 25 who marry have cohabited, and over 50 percent of women who are marrying a divorced man or who have been divorced themselves, cohabit before
36、marriage.Cohabitation in Britain, however, is still considerably lower than in many European states and was described by the demographers as “essentially a part of contemporary courtship“. Only a small proportion of people who cohabited had children whereas in Sweden some 40 percent of births were n
37、ow outside formal marriage. The British rate was 13 percent.Kath Kiernan of the Centre for Population Studies noted that the present statistics suggested that there was a marginally higher risk of separation for couples who had cohabited, but this could possibly be explained by the fact that the sta
38、tistics covered a period when cohabiting had not become as socially acceptable as it was today.A third reason why the demographers thought the divorce rate could stabilize was the economic squeeze(利润等的缩减) and the recession(暴跌), which would mean there was less opportunity to separate because of the l
39、ack of housing and employment.（分数：10.00）(1).The phrase “levelled off“ (Para. 1) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.increasedB.decreasedC.fluctuatedD.became stable(2).All of the following are the reasons for less divorce EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.the decrease in the risk factorsB.the rise in cohabitationC.on
40、 sign of reaching the higher divorce rateD.the lack of housing and employment(3).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：2.00）A.The divorce rate in Britain would reach 50 percent.B.Some 34 percent of women have cohabited.C.Over 50 percent of women cohabit before marriage.D.13 percent of births
41、 were outside formal marriage in Britain.(4).According to the passage, _ causes people to think more before separating.（分数：2.00）A.lack of housingB.cohabitationC.the Iow divorce rateD.the problem of children(5).Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Reasons for the
42、StabilizationB.Cohabitation in BritainC.Divorce Rate Levels off in BritainD.Divorce Rate in Britain七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Under normal conditions the act of communication requires the presence of at least two persons: one who sends and one who receives the communication. In order to communicate tho
43、ughts and feelings, there must be a conventional system of signs or symbols which mean the same to the sender and the receiver.The means of sending communications are too numerous and varied for a systematic classification; therefore, the analysis must begin with the means of receiving communication
44、. Reception of communication is achieved by our senses. Sight, hearing, and touch play the most important roles. Smell and taste play very limited roles, for they cannot receive intellectual expression from fully developed systems of signs and symbols.Examples of visual communication are gesture and
45、 mimicry. Although both frequently accompany speech, there are systems that rely solely on sight such as those used by deaf and dumb persons. Another means of communicating visually is by signals of fire, smoke, flags, of flashing lights. Feelings may be simply communicated by touch, such as by hand
46、shaking or backslapping, although a highly developed system of hand stroking has enabled blind, deaf, and dumb persons to communicate intelligently. Whistling to someone, applauding in a theater, and other forms of communication by sound rely upon the ear as a receiver. The most fully developed form
47、 of auditory communication is, of course, the spoken language.The means of communication mentioned so far have two features in common: they last only a short time, and the person involved must be relatively close to each other. Therefore all are restricted in time and space.（分数：10.00）(1).Why does th
48、e author begin his analysis with the means of receiving communication rather than the means of sending communication?（分数：2.00）A.Communication actually takes place when the message is received.B.There are more means of receiving than of sending communications.C.Reception of communications involves of
49、 the senses.D.It is difficult to organize by type the means of sending communications.(2).Which of the following senses plays the least important role in communication?（分数：2.00）A.Touch.B.Sight.C.Smell.D.Hearing.(3).Which of the following statements about the ways of communicating ideas and feelings mentioned in the passage is FALSE?（分数：2.00）A.They can be used to communicate over long distances.B.They involve use of conventional signs and symbols.C.They require both a sender and a receiver.D.They utilize the senses for reception.
