1、考研英语-试卷 179及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_After yuppies and dinkies, a new creature from adland stalks the block. The NYLON, an
2、acronym linking New York and London, is a refinement of those more familiar categories such as jet-setters and cosmocrats (cosmopolitan aristocrats do keep up). Marketing professionals have noted that (1)_ the demise of Concorde, a new class of high-earner increasingly (2)_ his or her time shuttling
3、 (3)_ the twin capitals of globalisation And NYLONS prefer their home comforts (4)_ tap in both cities. Despite the impressive (5)_ of air miles, they are not adventurous people. As (6)_ from Tom Wolfe“s Masters of the Universe of the 1980s. NYLONS have done more than well (7)_ the long boom and new
4、 economy of the last ten years. They are DJs. chefs, games designers. Internet entrepreneurs, fashionistas, publishers and even a (8)_ band of journalists and writers. They are self-consciously trendy and some are even able to (9)_ houses in both cities. Others will put up. (10)_ a house in one, and
5、 a view (11)_ a room m the (12)_. Of course, their horizons do (13)_ beyond just New York and London. For many, Los Angeles is an important shopping mall. More significantly for adland, NYLONS provide some useful marketing savings. Campaigns no longer have to differ very much in the two Cities, (14)
6、_ NYLONS bring them ever closer together. The restaurants are the same, with Nobu now in London and Conran in New York. Many plays (15)_ in both cities at the same time, and DJs shuttle between the two. (16)_ the same garage to the same people in (17)_ clubs. Time Out and Wallpaper are the magazines
7、 of (18)_. All this is fine for NYLONS. But not so much (19)_ for everybody else watching Notting Hill turn (20)_ a pale imitation of Greenwich Village.（分数：40.00）A.regardless ofB.even thoughC.althoughD.despiteA.usesB.spendsC.expendsD.costsA.betweenB.amongC.amidD.amongstA.atB.inC.onD.aboveA.figureB.q
8、uantityC.numberD.amountA.distinctB.distinctiveC.discreteD.diverseA.withinB.outsideC.beyondD.out ofA.selectB.choiceC.excellentD.exquisiteA.offerB.provideC.buyD.affordA.forB.withC.onD.toA.inB.ofC.withD.uponA.otherB.anotherC.restD.elseA.enlargeB.extendC.expandD.widenA.butB.thoughC.asD.whileA.presentB.d
9、isplayC.runD.showA.performingB.playingC.presentingD.actingA.sameB.likelyC.similarD.likeA.choiceB.pickC.selectionD.preferenceA.funB.funnyC.amusingD.interestingA.upB.intoC.inD.out二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts
10、. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._It was a little weird at first, Erin Tobin said, seeing Harry Potter right there on the stage without his pants, or indeed any of his clothes. Not actually Harry Potter, of course, since he is fictional, but the next best thing. Daniel
11、 Radcliffe, who plays him in the movies. Now 17. Mr. Radcliffe has cast off his wand, his broomstick and everything else to appear in the West End revival of Peter Shaffer“s “Equus“. He stars as Alan Strang, a disturbed young man who, in a distinctly un-Harry-Potterish moment of frenzied psychosexua
12、l madness, blinds six horses with a hoof pick. To make it clear what audiences are in for, at least in part, photographs of Mr. Radcliffe“s buff torso, stripped almost to the groin, have been used to advertise the production. It is as jarring as if, say, Anne Hathaway suddenly announced that instead
13、 of playing sweet-natured princesses and fashion-world ingnues, she wanted to appear onstage as a nude murderous prostitute. To explain how is surprising the change of Radcliffe to the audience, the author mentions Anne “Equus“ opened last week, and the consensus so far is that Mr. Radcliffe has suc
14、cessfully extricated himself from his cinematic alter ego. Considering that playing Harry Potter is practically all he has done in his career, this is no small achievement. “I think he“s a really good actor, and I sort of forgot about Harry Potter“, said Ophelia Oates, 14, who saw the play over the
15、weekend. “Anyway, you can“t be Harry Potter forever“. In The Daily Telegraph, Charles Spencer said that “Daniel Radcliffe brilliantly succeeds m throwing off the mantle of Harry Potter, announcing himself as a thrilling stage actor of unexpected depth and range“. Mr. Radcliffe told The Daily Telegra
16、ph that “I thought it would be a bad idea to wait till the Potter films were all finished to do something else“. There are still a few to go. The fifth, “Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix“, is scheduled for release on July 13, and Mr. Radcliffe has signed on for the final two installments as
17、 well. (Meanwhile, the seventh and last book in the series, “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows“, will hit stores on July 21.) Harry and Alan could not be more dissimilar as characters, even if both “come from quite weird backgrounds“, as 13-year-old Ella Pitt, another recent theatergoer, put it.
18、(And no. she declared, she was not too young for all the nakedness, swearing and sexuality.) Both characters have unresolved issues relating to their parents: Harry, because his are dead, and Alan, because his have driven him insane. But when it comes to romance, for instance, the celluloid Harry ha
19、s yet to kiss a girl; the big moment comes in the forthcoming film. Meanwhile, Alan in “Equus“ not only engages in some serious equi-erotic nuzzling with an actor playing a horse, but is also onstage, fully nude, for 10 minutes, during which he nearly has sex with an equally naked young woman.（分数：10
20、.00）(1).Hathaway. This is a_.（分数：2.00）A.simileB.comparisonC.hyperboleD.analogy(2).The word “extricated“(Para. 4) implies_.（分数：2.00）A.rescuedB.freedC.clearedD.extracted(3).The audience“s response to the new image of “Harry Porter“ is_.（分数：2.00）A.negativeB.positiveC.indifferentD.none of the above(4).T
21、he two dissimilar characters, i.e. Harry and Alan are common in that_.（分数：2.00）A.they are both weirdB.their parents are weirdC.they have unresolved issuesD.they have weird families(5).The best title for this passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.Harry Porter Is DisappearingB.The Naked “Harry Porter“C.The Successfu
22、l Change of “Harry Porter“D.Harry Porter in “Enquus“Uruguay has been a proud exception to the privatizing wave that swept through South America in the 1990s. Its state-owned firms are more efficient than many of their counterparts in Argentina and Brazil ever were. In 1992, Uruguayans voted in a ref
23、erendum against privatizing telecoms. They rightly observe that some of Argentina“s sales were smashed, creating inefficient private monopolies. And with unemployment at 15%, nobody is enthusiastic about the job cuts privatization would involve. That leaves President Jorge Batlle with a problem. Uru
24、guay has been in recession for the past two years, mainly because of low prices for its agricultural exports, and because of Argentina“s woes. But public debt is at 45% of GDP, and rising. Some economists argue that privatization would give a boost to the economy, by attracting foreign investment, a
25、nd by lowering costs. CERES, a think-tank, having compared tariffs for public services in Uruguay and its neighbors, believes liberalization could save businesses and households the equivalent of 4% of GDP annually, raise growth and produce a net 45,000 jobs. The polls that show continuing support f
26、or public ownership also show growing opposition to monopolies. So Mr. Baffle plans to keep the state firms, but let private ones either compete with them or bid to operate their services under contract. The opposition Broad Front and the trade unions are resisting. They have gathered enough signatu
27、res to demand a “public consultation“ next month on a new law to allow private operators in the ports and railwaysa referendum on whether to hold a referendum on the issue. Alberto Bension, the finance minister, admits the vote will be a crucial indicator of how far the government can push. But he n
28、otes that, since 1992, attempts to overturn laws by calling referendums have flopped. The liberalization of telecoms has already begun. Bell South, an American firm, is the first private cell-phone operator. There are plans to license others, and talk of allowing competition for fixed-line telephone
29、s. A new law allows private companies to import gas from Argentina to generate electricity in competition with the state utility. Another plan would strip Ancap, the state oil firm, of its monopoly of imports. It has already been allowed to seek a private partner to modernize its refinery. Harder ta
30、sks lie ahead. The state-owned banks are burdened with problem loans to farmers and home owners. And Mr. Batlle shows no appetite for cutting the bureaucracy. After a year in office, the president is popular. He has created a cross-party commission to investigate “disappearances“ during Uruguay“s mi
31、litary dictatorship of 1976-85. The unions are weakened by unemployment. At CERES, Ernesto Talvi argues that Mr. Baffle should note his own strength, and push ahead more boldly. But that is not the Uruguayan way.（分数：10.00）(1).Uruguay in the 1990s_.（分数：2.00）A.moved in the privatizing waveB.adopted th
32、e same measure as that of ArgentinaC.sticked to its old economic modeD.developed very slowly(2).What can we infer from the first four paragraphs?（分数：2.00）A.Uruguay has been always trying to join in the privatizing waveB.Economists argue that privatization is an efficient way to boost Uruguay“s GDP.C
33、.Mr. Battle plans to privatize the country“s economy completely.D.The opposition Broad Front is in favor of privatization.(3).The fifth paragraph suggests that_.（分数：2.00）A.Bell South is built up in 1982B.There has been no law to regulate the electricityC.Ancap may modernize its refinery with the hel
34、p of a private partnerD.Liberalization makes the economy slack(4).What does the author mean by “flopped“(last line, Para. 4)?（分数：2.00）A.succeededB.failedC.followedD.provoked(5).Which one is TRUE according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Privatization is thriving in Uruguay.B.Now, referenda have less stren
35、gth to change some laws.C.Uruguayan people are satisfied with the government“s actions with regard to the economy.D.The President is managing to keep the state companies efficient.Even at the Vatican, not all sacred beliefs are absolute: Thou shalt not kill, but war can be just. Now, behind the quie
36、t walls, a clash is shaping up involving two poles of near certainty: the church“s long-held ban on condoms and its advocacy of human life. The issue is AIDS. Church officials recently confirmed that Pope Benedict XVI had requested a report on whether it might be acceptable for Catholics to use cond
37、oms in one narrow circumstance: to protect life inside a marriage when one partner is infected with H.I.V. or is sick with AIDS. Whatever the pope decides, church officials and other experts broadly agree that it is remarkable that so delicate an issue is being taken up. But they also agree that suc
38、h an inquiry is logical, and particularly significant from this pope, who was Pope John Paul II“s strict enforcer of church doctrine. “In some ways, maybe he has got the greatest capacity to do it because there is no doubt about his orthodoxy“, said the. Rev. Jon Fuller, a Jesuit physician who runs
39、an AIDS clinic at the Boston Medical Center. The issue has surfaced repeatedly as one of the most complicated and delicate facing the church. For years, some influential cardinals and theologians have argued for a change for couples affected by AIDS in the name of protecting life, while others have
40、fiercely attacked the possibility as demoting the church“s long advocacy of abstinence and marital fidelity to fight the disease. The news broke just after Benedict celebrated his first anniversary as pope, a relatively quiet papal year. But he devoted his first encyclical to love, specifically betw
41、een a man and a woman in marriage. Indeed, with regard to condoms, the only change apparently being considered is in the specific case of married couples. But any change would be unpopular with conservative Catholics, some of whom have expressed disappointment that Benedict has displayed a softer fa
42、ce now as defender of the faith than he did when he was still Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, the papal adviser. “It“s just hard to imagine that any popeand this popewould change the teaching“, said Austin Ruse, president of the Culture of Life Foundation, a Catholic-oriented advocacy group in Washington
43、 that opposes abortion and contraception. It is too soon to know where the pope is heading. Far less contentious issues can take years to inch through the Vatican“s nexus of belief and bureaucracy, prayer and politics, and Cardinal Javier Lozano Barragan, the pope“s top aide on health care issues, a
44、nd other officials declined requests for interviews.（分数：10.00）(1).By the first sentence in the first paragraph, the author actually means_.（分数：2.00）A.the war can be supported by the churchB.the Vatican is always telling a lieC.some doctrines of the church are not so unchangeableD.people may do as th
45、ey like(2).The request from Pope Benedict XVI is particularly significant because_.（分数：2.00）A.this pope strictly executed the Catholic doctrineB.this pope is powerfulC.this pope has been against the use of condoms all the timeD.This pope has been assisted the advocacy of human life(3).The word “demo
46、ting“(Para. 5)_.（分数：2.00）A.degradingB.opposingC.supportingD.changing(4).This issue is so complicated because_.（分数：2.00）A.the pope has no capacity to deal with itB.it involve two poles of near certaintyC.it may affect the pope“s orthodoxyD.there are two parties on this issue in the church(5).Accordin
47、g to the passage, the pope probably will_.（分数：2.00）A.change the doctrine about the use of condomsB.give up his new ideasC.still carrying out the church beliefsD.None of the aboveHealthy soda? That may strike some as an oxymoron. But for Coca-Cola and PepsiCo, it“s a marketing opportunity. In coming
48、months, both companies will introduce new carbonated drinks that are fortified with vitamins and minerals: Diet Coke Plus and Tava, which is PepsiCo“s new offering. They will be promoted as “sparkling beverages“. The companies are not tailing them soft drinks because people are turning away from traditional soda, which has been hurt in part by publicity about its link to obesity. While the soda business remains a $68 billion industry in the United States, consumers are increasingly re
