1、考研英语-试卷 185 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Nobody, it seems, wants to be left out of Argentina“s current boom in television real
2、ity shows. After the success of local versions of “Big Brother“ and “Survivor“, a camera is now to be (1)_ in the presidential palace, the Casa Rosada, to film everything (well, almost) (2)_ President Fernando de la Rua gets (3)_ to. The results will be edited and (4)_ several times a day, (5)_ the
3、state channel, Canal 7; thus dispell, it is (6)_, the notion that the president spends his time twiddling his thumbs to his economy minister, Domingo Cavallo, runs the country. This is a dangerous strategy. Mr. de la Rua“s predecessor, Carlos Menem, was famous for his love of show business, even clo
4、sing his 1995 presidential campaign (7)_ an appearance on the hit show “Videomatch“. In deliberate (8)_, before his election victory two years (9)_. Mr. de la Rua (10)_ in television commercials that he was a very boring man. Audiences agree: his appearances last year on several leading talk (11)_ m
5、ade their ratings fall. Worse, when he decided to make his own appearance on “Videomatch“ last December, a member of the audience blamed him and left him (12)_ embarrassed. With a congressional election (13)_ in October, opinion (14)_ suggest that over three-quarters of Argentines (15)_ dissatisfied
6、 with Mr. de la Rua. That, says his circle, is at least partly due to his (16)_ portrayal by Freddy Villarreal, an impressionist on “Videomatch“, and by leading newspaper cartoonists, such as Nik in La Naeion. Mr. de la Rua“s team is apparently pressing the (17)_ to be nicer. But it is unclear wheth
7、er blanket (18)_ will help the president win (19)_ viewers, or whether they will vote that Fernando should (20)_ the house in 2003.（分数：40.00）A.installedB.setC.establishedD.settledA.whatB.thatC.whateverD.whichA.downB.atC.upD.onA.announcingB.broadcastingC.announcedD.broadcastA.atB.inC.onD.throughA.hop
8、ingB.hopedC.wishingD.wishedA.inB.byC.throughD.withA.oppositeB.contraryC.contrastD.oppositionA.agoB.beforeC.backD.aheadA.admittedB.declaredC.claimedD.boastedA.showsB.performancesC.actsD.programmesA.seemingB.lookedC.seemedD.lookingA.approachedB.approachingC.comingD.vergingA.censusB.surveysC.ballotsD.p
9、ollsA.isB.wereC.areD.wasA.uncaringB.insensibleC.unconcernedD.unsympatheticA.channelB.mediaC.showD.TVA.exposureB.revelationC.displayD.disclosureA.throughB.outC.backD.upA.leaveB.abandonC.departD.quit二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the
10、following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._At current online-ad rates, it is almost impossible for web publishers that create their own content to make moneyjust ask any of the two dozen, from Z.com to eCountries that have gone bust in the past month alone.
11、The mason for the bloodbath is simple: advertisers are not willing m pay enough for web ads to support the cost of displaying them. To see why, consider a credit-card firm that wants to find customers online. Say it runs a campaign to display its banner ad to 2 million viewers. Using industry averag
12、es, one out of every 200 viewers can be expected to click on the ad: one out of every 100 of those will actually sign up for a credit card. Thus, the campaign would yield 100 new customers. Offline, the firm pays about $150 for each customer it acquires, through anything from direct mail to televisi
13、on ads. Using the same rate, it would therefore be willing to pay $15,000 for those 2 million online-ad views, or a cost-per-thousand-views (CPM) rate of $7.50. Now consider the economics of the website that is running those ads. It probably does not have its own ad sales team, so it is getting thos
14、e credit-card ads from an advertising network such as DoubleClick. The network takes half the revenues, leaving the site with a CPM of $3.75. Imagine that the site is very successful, say among the top few hundred on the web. If so, it may be able to generate 10m page views “a month. At $3.75 per th
15、ousand views, that means revenue of $37,500 a month. Take out hardware, software and bandwidth costs, and enough might be left to support two employees or so.This grim picture can be improved by selling more than one ad per page, but such clutter often comes at the cost of a lower rate of “click-thr
16、oughs“ and, eventually, even lower CPMs. The site can try to charge higher CPMs by providing more information about viewer demographics, to help advertisers target their ads, or by claiming that it has a sign that may justify a fee for brand-building advertisers. But advertisers are skeptical.The bi
17、ggest web portals get their content almost for freea mixture of material from other-sites and content created by viewersand attract so much traffic that they can support huge organizations on low CPMs. But for most smaller websites, there is no way out. Those that cannot find revenue sources beyond
18、advertising will either go bust or be forced to admit that their site is a non-profit enterprise. If truth-in-advertising rules were enforced, most dotcoms would be dotorgs.（分数：10.00）(1).In nowadays, earning money from the web is rather_.（分数：2.00）A.difficultB.unimaginativeC.easyD.impossible(2).Who c
19、an really get profits from the ads?（分数：2.00）A.All the websites with ads.B.Some powerful sites.C.Peer advertising websites.D.Ad advertisers.(3).From the passage, we can see that_.（分数：2.00）A.small websites should be annexed by big onesB.most websites will go bustC.dotorgs charged more from advertising
20、D.most website advertisings are not actually the truth(4).Using industry averages, if 400 viewers can be expected to sign up a credit,card, how much viewers will actually see the ad?（分数：2.00）A.2 millionB.4 millionC.16 millionD.8 million(5).The author“s attitude to the future of websites is_.（分数：2.00
21、）A.distrustfulB.pessimisticC.detestingD.optimisticThe consequences of heavy drinking are well documented: failing health, broken marriages, regrettable late-night phone calls. But according to Gregory Luzaich“s calculations, there can be a downside to modest drinking, toothough one that damages the
22、wallet, not the liver. The Pek Wine Steward prevents wine from spoiling by injecting argon, an inert gas, into the bottle before sealing it airtight with silicon. Mr. Luzaich, a mechanical engineer in Windsor, Califin the Sonoma County wine countryfirst tallied the costs of his reasonable consumptio
23、n in October 2001. “I“d like to come home in the evening and have a glass of wine with dinner“, he said. “My wife doesn“t drink very much. so the bottle wouldn“t get consumed. And maybe I would forget about it the next day, and I“d check back a day or two later, and the wine would be spoiled“. That
24、meant he was wasting most of a $15 to $20 bottle of wine dozens of times a year. A cheek of the wine-preservation gadgets on the market left Mr. Luzaich dissatisfied High-end wine cabinets cost thousands of dollarsa huge investment for a glass-a-day drinker. Affordable preservers, meanwhile, didn“t
25、quite perform to Mr. Luzaich“s liking; be thought they allowed too much oxidation, which degrades the taste of a wine. The solution, he decided, was a better gas. Many preservers pumped nitrogen into an opened bottle to slow a wine“s decline, even though oenological literature suggested that argon w
26、as more effective. So when he began designing the Pek Wine Steward, a metal cone into which a wine bottle is inserted, Mr. Luzaich found that his main challenge was to figure out how best to introduce the argon. He spent months fine-tuning a gas injection system. “We used computational fluid dynamic
27、s to model the gas flow“, Mr. Luzaich said, referring to a computer-analysis technique that measures how smoothly particles are flowing. The goal was to create an injector that could swap a bottle“s oxygen atoms for argon atoms; argon is an inert gas, and thus unlikely to harm a nice Chianti. Mr. Lu
28、zaich, who had previously designed medical and telecommunications products, also worked on creating an airtight seal, to secure the bottle after the argon was injected. He experimented with several substances, from neoprene to a visco-elastic polymer (which he dismissed as “too gooey“), before settl
29、ing on a food-grade silicon. To save wine, a bottle is placed inside the Pek Wine Steward, the top is closed, and a trigger is pulled for 5 to 10 seconds, depending on how much wine remains. When the trigger is released, the bottle is sealed automatically, preserving the wine for a week or more. The
30、 company says. “We wanted to make it very easy for the consumer“, Mr. Luzaich said. “It“s basically mindless“. The device, which resembles a high-tech thermos, first became available to consumers in March 2004, and 8,000 to 10,000 have been sold, primarily through catalogs like those of The Wine Ent
31、husiast and Hammacher Schlemmer The base model sells for $99; a deluxe model, which also includes a thermoelectric cooler, is $199.（分数：10.00）(1).According to Gregory Luzaich. the disadvantage of modest drinking is_.（分数：2.00）A.damaging the liverB.costing muchC.breaking marriagesD.spoiling the wine(2)
32、.The word “tallied“(Para. 2) probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.calculatedB.corresponded toC.listedD.gave(3).According to the text, the “Pek Wine Steward“ is_.（分数：2.00）A.a metal coneB.a thermoelectric coolerC.a gas injectorD.a wine preserver(4).Mr. Luzaich created the seal to prevent the wine from declining
33、 with_.（分数：2.00）A.neopreneB.visco-elastic polymerC.siliconD.argon(5).Mr. Luzaich“s attitude to the automatic sealing is_.（分数：2.00）A.oppositionB.suspicionC.approvalD.indifferenceFor many people the New York Times is the greatest newspaper anywhere. But there has long been a small pool of conservative
34、 dissenters in its hometown. For them, the Times is left-wing, inaccurate, devoid of humor, and, worst of all, unopposed (they never seem to count the Wall Street Journal. which, to be fair, doesn“t write that much about the Big Apple). Now these criticisms are being made, daily, and often wittily,
35、by a flee web-based publication. The publisher, reporting staff and editor of is Ira Stoll, a 28-year-old former managing editor of Forward, a Jewish weekly. At 6 o“clock every morning he picks up a copy of the Times at a Brooklyn news-stand and, within four hours, unleashes an invariably scathing
36、report on something he thinks either ridiculous or wrong. Categories on the website range from the pedantic“New York, lack of basic familiarity with“ (noting unbearable geographic errors) and “Misspelling of names“ (including that of the Sulzberger family, which controls the Times)to weightier topic
37、s such as taxes and immigration. Most of the time, Mr. Stoll is on the look-out for left-wing bias masked as objectivity. He is particularly tough on the citation of allegedly impartial “experts“ in back up predictable Times conclusionsthat the poor are getting poorer, private education is bad, welf
38、are reform has failed, public housing is vital, and Republicans and policemen are insensitive, racist or mentally challenged. Occasionally, Mr. Stoll“s pieces precede (or perhaps cause) a correction. He was, for instance, the first to spot that the Times had attacked John Ashcroft, the conservative
39、attorney-general, with a shortened and misleading quotation lifted from another newspaper. More often the sins are of leftish omission. Last weekend“s ode to the joys of traveling in Cuba, he points out, avoided “any mention of the country“s horrible human-rights record“. Like other zealots, Mr. Sto
40、ll sometimes asks too much. Even the weekly newspapers occasionally get things wrong; it would be surprising if a daily as big as the Times never did. And Mr. Stoll“s bias, though overt, can get a little boring. This week he nicely skewered an absurdly solemn Times piece about a plan in Connecticut
41、to stop high schools starting work before 8:30 a.m, because teenagers do “not physiologically wake up“, for not even wondering whether it might be a good tiling for the little dears to go to bed earlier. But did Mr. Stoll really need to add a carp about those tired teenagers having sex “with the ass
42、istance of taxpayer-provided free contraceptives“? All the same, Mr. Stoll seems to have struck a nerve. In only seven months, with no marketing, he has developed a subscriber list for a daily e-mail of almost 2,000 people (including, inevitably, Newt Gingrich). And the Times seems to be taking some
43、 notice. Three of its journalists have already taken him out for lunch.（分数：10.00）(1).New York Times was not criticized by the conservative because of being_.（分数：2.00）A.extremistB.humourousC.unfaithfulD.unopposed(2).The content of includes all of the following topics EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.taxes and imm
44、igrationB.flagrant geographic errorsC.some leg-wing biasD.Sulzberger family gossip(3).The instance in the 4th paragraph implies Mr. Stoll“s pieces sometimes_.（分数：2.00）A.are smartB.are sharpC.are foolishD.have foresight(4).The fifth paragraph implies_.（分数：2.00）A.Mr. Stoll is going too farB.weekly new
45、spapers often make mistakes.C.the teenagers shouldn“t be provided with the contraceptionD.Mr. Stoll“s action benefits the teenagers(5).Which one is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Mr. Stoll has achieved great success in his career.B.Mr. Stoll has a steady “reader group“.C.The Times will take measures to deal wi
46、th Mr. Stoll“s behaviour.D.The author does not appreciate Mr. Stoll very much.A writer said yesterday that Richard M. Scrushy, the former chief executive of HealthSouth, paid her through a public relations firm to produce several favorable articles for an Alabama newspaper that he reviewed before pu
47、blication during his fraud trial last year. The articles appeared in The Birmingham Times, a black-owned weekly in Birmingham, Ale. Mr. Scrushy was acquitted in June in a six-month trial there on all 36 counts against him, despite testimony from former HealthSouth executives who said he presided ove
48、r a huge accounting fraud. “I sat in that courtroom for six months, and I did everything possible to advocate for his cause“, Audrey Lewis, the author of the articles, said in a telephone interview. She said she received $10,000 from Mr. Scrushy through the Lewis Group, a public relations firm, and another $1,000 to help buy a computer. “Scrushy promised me a lot more than what I got“. She said. Charles A. Russell, a spokesman for Mr. Scrushy, sai
