1、考研英语-试卷 75 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_All Americans are at least vaguely (1)_ with the (2)_ of the American Indian. Cutbacks
2、 in federal programs for Indians have made their problems (3)_ more severe in recent years. Josephy reports,“ (4)_ 1981 it was estimated that cut, backs in federal programs for Indians totaled about $500 million“ (5)_ mole than ten times the cuts affecting their (6)_ fellow Americans. This reduced f
3、unding is affecting almost all aspects of reservation life, (7)_ education. If the Indians could solve their (8)_ problems, solutions to many of their other problems might not be far behind. In, this paper the current status of Indian education will be described and (9)_ and some ways of improving t
4、his education will be proposed. Whether to (10)_ with the dominant American culture or to (11)_ Indian culture has been a longstanding issue in Indian education. The next fifty years became a period of (12)_ assimilation in all areas of Indian culture, but especially in religion and education. John
5、Collier, a reformer who agitated. (13)_ Indians and their culture from the early 1920s until his death in 1968, had a different idea. He believed that instead of effacing native culture, Indian schools (14)_ encourage and (15)_ it. Pressure to assimilate remains a potent force today, (16)_. More and
6、 more Indians are graduating from high school and college and becoming (17)_ for jobs in the non-Indian society.“ When Indians obtain the requisite skills, many of them enter the broader American society and succeed.“ (18)_ approximately 90 percent of all Indian children are educated in state public
7、 school systems (Taylor 136, 155). (19)_ these children compete with the members of the dominant society, however, is another (20)_.（分数：40.00）A.agreeableB.regardlessC.familiarD.sympatheticA.predicamentB.dilemmaC.scrapeD.plightA.evenB.everC.greatlyD.furtherA.SinceB.Up toC.BeforeD.By the end ofA.orB.a
8、ndC.yetD.butA.non-IndianB.IndianC.previousD.formerA.exceptB.regardingC.besidesD.includingA.culturalB.educationalC.socialD.severeA.estimatedB.evaluatedC.settledD.decidedA.agreeB.push forwardC.assimilateD.dealA.reserveB.converseC.detainD.preserveA.enforcedB.overallC.contemptuousD.unbelievableA.in favo
9、r ofB.on behalf ofC.side by side withD.far behindA.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.mightA.realizeB.assimilateC.acknowledgeD.revitalizeA.yetB.furthermoreC.howeverD.just the sameA.availableB.reachableC.suitableD.eligibleA.In the futureB.In the pastC.At presentD.MaybeA.WhatB.WhetherC.ThatD.HowA.questionB.issueC.
10、aspectD.matter二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._The subject of my study is a woman who is initiating social change in a small region in Texas. The
11、 women are Mexican Americans who are, or were, migrant agricultural workers. There is more than one kind of innovation at work in the region, of course, but I have chosen to focus on three related patterns of family behavior. The pattern I lifestyle represents how migrant farm workers of all nationa
12、lities lived in the past and how many continue to live. I treat this pattern as a baseline with which to compare the changes represented by pattern II and III. Families in pattern I work and travel in ex tended kin units, with the eldest male occupying the position of authority. Families are large?
13、Eight or nine children are not unusual? And all members are economic contributors in this strategy of family migration. Families in pattern II manifest some differences in behavior while still maintaining aspects of pattern I. They continue to migrate but on a reduced scale, often modifying their sc
14、hedules of migration to allow children to finish the school year. Parents in this pattern often find temporary local jobs as checkers to make up for lost farming income. Pat tern II families usually have fewer children than do pattern I families. The greatest amount of change from pattern I, however
15、, is in pattern III families, who no longer migrate at all. Both parents work full time in the area and have an average of three children. Children attend school for the entire year. In pattern III, the women in particular create new roles for themselves for which no local models exist. They not onl
16、y work full time but may, in addition, return to school. They also assume a greater responsibility in family decisions than do women in the other patterns. Although these women are in the minority among residents of the region, they serve as role models for others, causing moderate changes to spread
17、 in their communities. Now opportunities have continued to be determined by pre-existing values. When federal jobs became available in the region, most involved working under the direction of female professionals such as teachers or nurses. Such positions were unaccepted to many men in the area beca
18、use they were not accustomed to being subordinate to women. Women therefore took the jobs, at first, because the income was desperately needed. But some of the women decided to stay at their jobs, at first, after the family“s distress, was over. These women enjoyed their work, its responsibility, an
19、d the companionship of fellow women workers. The steady, relatively high income allowed their families to stop migrating. And, as the benefits to these women became increasingly apparent, they and their families became even more willing to consider changes in their lives that they would not have con
20、sidered before.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following titles best reflects the main focus of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.A Survey of Three Mexican-American Families at Work in Texas.B.Innovative Career Women: Effects on Family Unity.C.Changes in the Life-styles of Migrant Mexican-American Families.D.Farmin
21、g of Family: The Unavoidable Choice for Migrant Farm Workers.(2).All of the following statements about pattern children express differences EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.they migrate for part of each yearB.they spend less time contributing to family incomeC.they spend more months on schoolD.their parents some
22、times work at jobs rather than fanning(3).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of women in pattern families?（分数：2.00）A.They earn a reliable and comparatively high income.B.They continue to work solely to meet the urgent needs of their family.C.They enjoy the fellowship involv
23、ed in working with other women.D.They serve as models of behavior for others in the region.(4)._ have an average of three children.（分数：2.00）A.Pattern familiesB.Pattern familiesC.Pattern familiesD.None of all(5).The author“s attitude towards the three patterns of behavior mentioned in the passage is
24、best described as one of _.（分数：2.00）A.great admirationB.unbiased objectivityC.dissatisfactionD.indifferenceEmerging from the 1950 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill. This develop
25、ment-and its strong implications for US politics and economy in years ahead-has enthroned the South as America“s most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation“s head counting. Altogether, the US population rose in the 1970s by 23.2 million people-numerically the third
26、 largest growth ever recorded in a single decade. Even so, that gain adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years. Americans have been migrating south and west in larger number since World War II, and the pattern still prevails. Three sun belt state
27、sFlorida, Texas and Californiatogether had nearly 10 million more people in 1980 than a decade earlier. Among large cities, San Diego moved from 14th to 8th and San Antonio from 15th to 10th-with Cleveland and Washington D.C. dropping out of the top 10. Not all that shift can be attributed to the mo
28、vement out of the snow belt, census officials say, “Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, tooand so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday“s “baby boom“ generation reached its child bearing years.“ Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west as joined by a related but newer
29、phenomenon: More and more, Americans apparently are looking not just for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Regionally, the Rocky Mountain States reported the most rapid growth rate37.1 percent since 1970 in a vast area with only 5 percent of the US population. Among states, Nevada an
30、d Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. Except for Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of Western states with 7.5 million peopleabout 9 per square mile. The flight from over crowdedness affects the migration from Snow Belt to more bearable climates.
31、 Nowhere do 1950 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West. There, California added 3.7 million to its population in the 1970s, more than any other state. In that decade, however, large numbers also migrated from California, mostly to other parts o
32、f the West. Often they choseand still are choosingsomewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog, crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State. As a result, California“s growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18.5 percentlittle more than two-thirds
33、 the 1960S growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.（分数：10.00）(1).Discerned from the perplexing picture of population growth the 1980 census provided, America in 1970s _.（分数：2.00）A.enjoyed the lowest net growth of population in historyB.witnessed a southwestern shift of popu
34、lationC.underwent an unparalleled period of population growthD.brought to a standstill its pattern of migration since World War (2).The census distinguished itself from previous studies on population movement in that _.（分数：2.00）A.it stresses the climatic influence on population distributionB.it high
35、lights the contribution of continuous waves of immigrantsC.it reveals the Americans“ new pursuit of spacious livingD.it elaborates the delayed effects of yesterday“s “baby boom“(3).We can see from the available statistics that _.（分数：2.00）A.California was once the most thinly populated area in the wh
36、ole USB.the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all located in the WestC.cities with better climates benefited unanimously from migrationD.Arizona ranked second of all states in its growth rate of population(4).The word “demographers“ (Line 1, Paragraph 7) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）
37、A.people in favor of the trend of democracyB.advocates of migration between statesC.scientists engaged in the study of populationD.conservatives clinging to old patterns of life(5).The US population in the 1970s is _ largest of the world.（分数：2.00）A.the firstB.the secondC.the thirdD.the fourthDuring
38、the whole of a dull, dark and soundless day in the, autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens, had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country, and at length found myself, as the shades of the evening drew on, within view of the melan
39、choly House of Usher. Thus Edgar Allan Poe opened his story of the fall of the House of Usher in 1839. In this beautifully crafted sentence he captured so much that is essential to the horror story: darkness, ominous solitude, foreboding calm, apprehension and uncertainty, and a deep feeling of mela
40、ncholy that could soon turn to fear. Many kinds of fiction are self-explanatory: mysteries, Westerns, love stories, spy thrillers, and science fiction define themselves by the terms used to name them. The horror story is less easily defined, perhaps because other types of fiction so often use the tr
41、appings of terror to enhance their plots. Charles Dickens used the vehicle of an old-fashioned ghost story to tell A Christmas Carol, but that book is not a honor story. Nor does a Grimm brothers fairy tale such as Hansen and Grate with its child-devouring witch, belong to the genre. The nature of t
42、he horror story is. best indicated by the title of the 1980s television series Tales from the Dark Side. Human beings have always acknowledged that there is evil in the world and a dark side to human nature that cannot be explained except perhaps in religious terms. This evil may be imagined as havi
43、ng an almost unlimited power to inspire anxiety, fear, dread, and terror in addition to doing actual physical and mental harm. In the tale of horror quite ordinary people are confronted by something unknown and fearful, which can be neither understood nor explained in reasonable terms. It is the emp
44、hasis on the unreasonable that lies at the heart of horror stories. This kind of literature arose in the 18th century at the start of a movement called Romanticism. The movement was a reaction against a rational, orderly world in which humanity was basically good and everything could be explained sc
45、ientifically. The literary type that inspired the horror story is Gothic fiction, tales of evil, often set in sinister medieval surroundings. This original kind of horror fiction has persisted to the present.（分数：10.00）(1).In his novel, Edgar Allen Poe _.（分数：2.00）A.integrated the description of beaut
46、y into his horror storyB.used a lot of typical descriptions of horror storiesC.was universally considered as the father of horror storyD.combined a touch of sadness in his description of horror(2).By saying that many kinds of fiction are self-explanatory (the first sentence of paragraph 2), the auth
47、or means _.（分数：2.00）A.they are easy to understandB.they are meant for ordinary readersC.they often use horror to develop their plotsD.their categories show what they are about(3).What is considered to be the most important ingredient that makes a horror story?（分数：2.00）A.Irrationality.B.Melancholy.C.
48、Uncertainty.D.Suspension.(4).The horror stories are based on _.（分数：2.00）A.Gothic fictionB.tales of evilC.love storyD.both A and B(5).It is obvious that the assumption behind horror stories is that _.（分数：2.00）A.human beings are basically goodB.mankind is evil in natureC.mankind can be taught to be goodD.both A and CThe traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those that satisfy wants is no longer adequate to describe classes of products. In today“s
