1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 153 及答案解析(总分：136.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Poets, songwriters and politicians hate the idea, but for decades opinion-poll ev
2、idence has been clear; money buys happiness and the richer you are, the more likely you are to express satisfaction with your life. Until now, a survey of 43 countries【C1】_on October 30th by the Pew Research Centre of Washington, DC, shows that people in【C2】_markets are expressing almost the same le
3、vel of satisfaction as people in rich countries. It is the biggest【C3】_to the standard view of happiness and income seen【C4】_. The Pew poll asks respondents to【C5】_, on a scale from zero to ten, how good their lives are. (Those who say between seven and ten are counted as【C6】_) In 2007, 57% of respo
4、ndents in rich countries put themselves in the top four tiers; in emerging markets the【C7】_was 33%; in poor countries only 16%a classic【C8】_of the standard view. But in 2014, 54% of rich-country respondents counted themselves as happy, whereas in emerging markets the percentage【C9】_to 51%. This was
5、happening just at a time when emerging markets chances of converging economically【C10】_the West seemed to be【C11】_. Rich countries did not experience【C12】_declines in happiness. The decreases in America and Britain were tiny (a single percentage point) ,【C13】_the share of happy Germans rose 13 point
6、s. A large drop in formerly joyful Spain ensured a modest overall decline for the rich.【C14】_the convergence happened【C15】_huge improvements in countries such as Indonesia and Pakistan. In 12 of the 24 emerging markets, half or more people【C16】_their life satisfaction in the top tiers of the ladder.
7、 This is not to【C17】_the link between income and satisfaction has been snapped. Poor countries still【C18】_; only a quarter of the people there are in the happy tiershalf the level of the other two groups. There is【C19】_a clear link between happiness and income growth. Chinas GDP rose at an annual av
8、erage rate of 10% in 2007-2014 and its happiness level rose 26 points.【C20】_countries, richer people express more satisfaction than their poorer neighbours.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.issuedB.leasedC.publishedD.claimed(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.dominatingB.emergingC.vanishingD.declining(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.p
9、ublicationB.implicationC.provocationD.qualification(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.so farB.at largeC.in effectD.by chance(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.proveB.measureC.countD.inspect(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.sadB.richC.poorD.happy(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.ratioB.shareC.digitD.level(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.expressionB.improvementC.discussionD.c
10、omplement(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.flewB.happenedC.jumpedD.tended(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.atB.intoC.onD.with(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.recedingB.recoveringC.relievingD.retiring(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.fatalB.steepC.vitalD.stable(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.becauseB.sinceC.whileD.when(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.ButB.SoC.IndeedD.Thus(15
11、).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.according toB.instead ofC.regardless ofD.thanks to(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.testB.voteC.rateD.mark(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.talkB.sayC.mentionD.speak(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.catch upB.fall apartC.lag behindD.set aside(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.alsoB.onlyC.evenD.neither(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.WithoutB.Thr
12、oughC.BetweenD.Within二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：52.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._If comfortably outpacing your rivals is the main measure of automotive achievement, Teslas
13、electric car is a resounding success. The Model S last year outsold its nearest luxury rival, Mercedess petrol-engined S-class, by 30% in America. And in its top specification the Tesla will also beat the German car in the race from 0-60mph. As a battery-maker Tesla is also moving fast. This week it
14、 announced plans to build a “gigafactory“ in America to make lithium-ion power-packs, that it hopes will propel its vehicles to the mainstream. Teslas acceleration has been rapid. Launched a decade ago by Elon Musk, a founder of PayPal and serial tech entrepreneur, last year it sold around 22,000 ca
15、rs and by the end of 2014 hopes to be making 1,000 a week. In early 2015 Tesla will add the Model X, a medium-sized SUV, to its range. However, Teslas impressive growth has not yet translated into significant profits. A series of battery fires also briefly dented sales growth last year. Nevertheless
16、, Teslas shares surged on February 25th, to value the company at over $ 30 billion after Morgan Stanley, a bank, joined its adoring fans. It reckons that the battery factory will not only propel it along the road to mass manufacturing but also make it a leading competitor in low-cost energy storage,
17、 the key to making renewable energy more practical. The bank is also confident that Teslas Silicon Valley location will put it in the driverless front seat of autonomous motoring. A recent meeting with Apple, and the iPad-like control panel of the Model S, have convinced some observers that a takeov
18、er and an iCar are around the corner, although Mr Musk insists that his firm is not for sale. Tesla has defied its doubters with the success of the Model S, a smartly styled luxury car. It may not share the outrageous looks of a supercar like the Lamborghini Aventador, but it has the performance wit
19、hout the $ 400,000-plus price tag. The most basic Model S costs $ 64,000 in America. This has won it rave reviews in the motoring press, often sniffy about other electric cars with limited ranges and duff looks. By designing a large car with a big battery pack, Tesla has diminished “range anxiety“on
20、e version can do 310 miles (500km) between charges.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, Tesla is_.（分数：2.00）A.a luxury car brand that beats all its rivalsB.a car-maker that aims at high-end customersC.a battery-maker that has become mainstreamD.an electric car brand that also produces batt
21、ery(2).It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that_.（分数：2.00）A.Teslas electric car will become mainstream in the marketB.Tesla will make a great fortune in 2015 thanks to its new modelC.it may take a while for Tesla to recover from the battery accidentsD.Tesla pursues environmentally-friendly cars rath
22、er than huge profits(3).According to Paragraph 3, some observers believe that_.（分数：2.00）A.Teslas founder will not sell his companyB.Apple may take Tesla over in the near futureC.Tesla and Apple may cooperate and develop the iCarD.Tesla will be the leading corporation of driverless cars(4).Which one
23、of the following is true about Teslas Model S?（分数：2.00）A.It has duff looks and limited range.B.It looks as impressive as other super cars.C.It is not worth spending so much money on it.D.It has changed peoples view towards the electric car.(5).The most appropriate title for this text is_.（分数：2.00）A.
24、Tesla: Electric Car That Makes A HitB.Electric Car: Where Is the Future?C.Tesla: Will the Takeover Come Soon?D.Tesla: Rapid Growth But No Profits“ It cant be that every annual salary negotiation makes it a strain just to begin the school year,“ said President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner during a
25、speech to Congress on March 1st. Yes it can. Strikes this week delayed the start of classes in 19 of Argentinas 24 districts, after provincial unions and governments failed to reach agreements about wage rises. Negotiations between the national government and federal unions, which are meant to set a
26、 minimum benchmark for the provinces , also foundered. With some unions demanding more than 40% hikes, the national government and Buenos Airess provincial government, the most influential negotiators, offered increases of just 22% and 25. 5% this year respectively. The unions called the proposals “
27、a provocation“. Tension had been expected. The teachers unions want salary rises above Argentinas galloping inflation rate. Since the start of the year the government has devalued the Argentine peso by over 20%, causing inflation expectations to spike. According to Eduardo Levy Yeyati of Elypsis, a
28、consultancy, prices are expected to jump by 32% this year. And now that the government has started publishing more realistic data, it cannot simply pretend the problem of rising prices does not exist. The teachers unions have a strong hand. In December provincial police squeezed 35%-100% pay increas
29、es out of their employers. Public-sector employees are not fearful of losing their jobs. Strikes give unions the power to cause widespread chaos. But the government cannot afford to concede too much ground. The negotiations with the teachers will set a precedent for salary talks with other unions sc
30、heduled for later this month and April. To ensure that inflation does not continue to accelerate, the authorities need to curb real wages. Budgetary considerations also play their part. According to Economia by the turn of the millennium it had dropped to just 23%. Many thought this number would con
31、tinue to fall as women sought to “ have it all“. Instead, the proportion of stay-at-home mothers has been rising steadily for the past 15 years, according to new data gathered by the Pew Research Centre. This partly reflects demographic change. Immigrants, a rising share of the relevant generation,
32、are more likely to be stay-at-home mums than women born in America. There is an economic component to the change, too: at the end of the 1990s, when mothers staying at home were at their rarest, the economy was creating so many jobs that most people who wanted work could find it. Now more report tha
33、t they are unable to do so, or are studying in the hope of finding work later. But there is also an element of choice: a quarter of stay-at-home mothers have college degrees. Taken as a whole, the group includes mothers at both ends of the social scale. Some are highly educated bankers wives who cho
34、ose not to work because they dont need the money and would rather spend their time hot-housing their toddlers so that they may one day get into Harvard. Others are poorer but calculate that, after paying for child care, the money they make sweeping floors or serving burgers does not justify the time
35、 away from their little ones. The first group is fairly small. Pew estimates that there are 370,000 highly educated and affluent stay-at-home mothers (defined as married mothers with children under 18 who have at least a masters degree and family income in excess of $ 75,000). That is 5% of all stay
36、-at-home mothers with working husbands. One third of stay-at-home mothers are single or cohabiting, and on average they are poorer than the rest.（分数：10.00）(1).Betty Friedan is mentioned in the first paragraph to_.（分数：2.00）A.discuss about female writersB.show the authors contributionC.introduce the t
37、opic of housewivesD.describe the life of single mothers(2).According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true?（分数：2.00）A.The lowest proportion of housewives appeared around 2000.B.Many people think that women are becoming less independent.C.The number of housewives has been falling in the past
38、 decades.D.Most women think that career may be more important for them.(3).Now there are more stay-at-home mothers mainly because of_.（分数：2.00）A.their laziness and lack of ambitionB.immigration and employment difficultyC.their own choice and their husbands wishD.immigration and low educational backg
39、round(4).It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that the most vital thing for women is to_.（分数：2.00）A.spend more money on their childrenB.spend more time with their childrenC.balance their work inside and outsideD.earn more money to support their family(5).This text mainly centers on housewives_.（分数：2.
40、00）A.family and social backgroundB.reasons for not going to workC.disparity of economic statusD.proportion and situations4.Part B_The last time she was recruiting for her export-sales team, Sarah Grain hired a Lithuanian who speaks Russian, Polish and German. Her two previous hires for Eriez Magneti
41、cs, which makes industrial equipment in South Wales, were an Italian who also speaks French, and a Venezuelan who speaks Spanish and Portuguese. All of them speak fluent English. “There were no British applicants who had the requisite language skills,“ she says. Ms Grains conclusion is not unusual f
42、or a British company. In 2012 a European Commission survey tested the foreign-language proficiency of 54,000 students aged 14 and 15, in 14 nations. Sweden came top, with 82% of pupils reaching an “ independent“ or “ advanced independent“ standard. The average for all 14 states was 42%. England came
43、 bottom, with just 9%. Part of the explanation is that many peoples second language is English, while many Britons continue to believe that, as native speakers, they do not need to bother with foreign languages. They may be rightin terms of communication. But it means that, not only are they missing
44、 out on much cultural interaction, they may also be harming their own job prospects. They have not been helped by the educational policies of successive governments. In 2004 Tony Blairs Labour government abolished the requirement to learn a language after the age of 14, causing the numbers taking a
45、language GCSE exam at 16 to fall by half in state schools over the next seven years. Concerned about this rapid decline, the coalition government brought in a new performance indicator called the English Baccalaureate, or EBacc, in 2011. A modern language was one of its five core disciplines. Langua
46、ge teachersan embattled breedrejoiced. The number of students entering a GCSE language exam in 2013, the first year the changes took effect, rose by 20%. Now, however, those gains could be lost, as the government has seemingly loosened the requirement. From 2016, under a new initiative called Progre
47、ss 8, it has extended the number of core subjects to eight, appearing to make learning a language voluntary. This has pleased some teachers, who felt the EBacc was too narrow, but linguists are shocking. The decline of languages at GCSE has inevitably had an effect higher up the academic food chain.
48、 Though the number of those studying languages to A Level will increase thanks to the GCSE cohort of 2013-2014, it is likely to fall back again. French and German are half as popular as they were 20 years ago. The number of universities offering language degrees has fallen, too: by 50% for German and 40% for French since 1998. The number offering Spanish has also falle
