1、考研英语（完形填空）模拟试卷 197 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_When Melissa Mahan and her husband visited the Netherlands, they felt impriso
2、ned by their tour bus. It forced them to see the city according to a particular【C1】_as well as a specific【C2】_but going off on their own meant【C3】_the information provided by the guide. On their return home, they started a new company called Tour Coupes. Now, when tourists in San Diego【C4】_one of th
3、eir small, brightly coloured three-wheeled vehicles, they are【C5】_to a narration over the stereo system【C6】_the places they pass, triggered by Global Positioning System(GPS)satellite technology. This is just one example of how GPS is being used to provide new services to tourists. A tourism firm beg
4、an offering a【C7】_service in Montgomery, Alabama The city is【C8】_with sites associated with two important【C9】_in American history, the civil war of the 1860s and the civil-rights movement a century later. Montgomery has a 120-year-old streetcar system, called the Lightning Route, which【C10】_around t
5、he downtown area and is【C11】_used by tourists. On the Lightning Route streetcars, GPS-triggered audio clips point out historical【C12】_. If such services can prove【C13】_, the use of audio-guide devices could give way【C14】_a different approach. Now, a(n) 【C15】_number of mobile phones have built-in GPS
6、 or can determine their【C16】_using other technologies. Information for tourists delivered【C17】_phones could be updated in real time. “Location-based services“, such as the ability to call up a list of nearby banks or pizzerias, have been talked about for years【C18】_have never taken off. Aiming such
7、services【C19】_tourists makes sensesince people are more likely to want information when in a(n) 【C20】_place. It could give mobile roaming a whole new meaning.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.routeB.directionC.routineD.avenue(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.guidelineB.scheduleC.schemeD.catalog(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.contai
8、ningB.retainingC.collectingD.missing(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.buyB.parkC.rentD.own(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.invitedB.treatedC.attendedD.tricked(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.atB.inC.withD.about(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.similarB.familiarC.regularD.particular(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.equippedB.packedC.identifiedD.compared(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.
9、divisionsB.scenesC.chaptersD.characteristics(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.circulatesB.spreadsC.distributesD.scatters(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.rarelyB.mainlyC.remarkablyD.previously(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.evidenceB.figuresC.eventsD.spots(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.popularB.availableC.personalD.public(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.wit
10、hB.atC.toD.of(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.outstandingB.decreasingC.alarmingD.growing(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.territoriesB.neighborhoodsC.situationsD.locations(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.viaB.withC.fromD.in(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.andB.butC.orD.then(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.atB.toC.withD.of(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.peculiarB.popular
11、C.unfamiliarD.specialWhat does it mean to be intelligent? Most psychologists agree that abstract reasoning, problem solving, and the ability to acquire knowledge are all【C1】_of intelligence. However, there is【C2】_agreement on other factors,【C3】_mental speed and creativity. Anyone who takes an intell
12、igence test will be given an IQ score. This score allows【C4】_with people of the same age, on the【C5】_that 100 is the average IQ.【C6】_97% of people score【C7】_between 70 and 130. But what do IQ tests measure? To some【C8】_they measure our knowledge and vocabulary. But they also【C9】_on the size of worki
13、ng memory, speed of【C10】_, and an ability to choose appropriate strategies for solving particular problems. IQ tests were created almost 100 years ago and have generated【C11】_controversy since then. It has been found that IQ scores in America improved【C12】_20 to 30 points over the course of the 20th
14、 century. It does not make【C13】_to believe that this increase is due to big leaps in inherited intelligence from one generation to another. Instead, it seems likely that【C14】_generations have been better schooled in【C15】_it takes to do well on the tests. For many psychologists, it seems absurd to【C1
15、6】_the whole of human intelligence to the single score obtained on an IQ test【C17】_, they emphasize multiple intelligences. Someone who is skilled at learning languages may not be musically talented.【C18】_, our intelligence seems to vary according to how familiar we are【C19】_particular situations. O
16、ne group of 10-year-old street vendors in Brazil, with very little schooling, were good at giving the right change, but did much worse when given【C20】_questions presented like school tasks.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.componentsB.aspectsC.ingredientsD.phenomena(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.similarB.importantC.
17、lessD.more(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.withoutB.fromC.likeD.through(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.comparisonsB.compensationsC.compositionsD.comprehensions(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.viewB.meaningC.assumptionD.thought(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.roughlyB.absolutelyC.slightlyD.completely(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.somewhatB.somewhereC.somehowD.anyhow
18、(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.pointB.extentC.wayD.case(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.dependB.workC.improveD.decide(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.producingB.progressingC.promotingD.processing(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.a great deal ofB.a great manyC.the number ofD.a large number of(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.byB.toC.atD.in(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.sig
19、nificanceB.reasonC.meaningD.sense(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.laterB.followingC.successiveD.next(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.whoB.thatC.whichD.what(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.increaseB.reduceC.weakenD.strengthen(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.BesidesD.Instead(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.On the wholeB.Whats moreC.As a re
20、sultD.On the contrary(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.withB.inC.atD.of(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.differentB.difficultC.identicalD.many考研英语（完形填空）模拟试卷 197 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered b
21、lank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：When Melissa Mahan and her husband visited the Netherlands, they felt imprisoned by their tour bus. It forced them to see the city according to a particular【C1】_as well as a specific【C2】_but going off on their own meant【C3】_the information provided by the gui
22、de. On their return home, they started a new company called Tour Coupes. Now, when tourists in San Diego【C4】_one of their small, brightly coloured three-wheeled vehicles, they are【C5】_to a narration over the stereo system【C6】_the places they pass, triggered by Global Positioning System(GPS)satellite
23、 technology. This is just one example of how GPS is being used to provide new services to tourists. A tourism firm began offering a【C7】_service in Montgomery, Alabama The city is【C8】_with sites associated with two important【C9】_in American history, the civil war of the 1860s and the civil-rights mov
24、ement a century later. Montgomery has a 120-year-old streetcar system, called the Lightning Route, which【C10】_around the downtown area and is【C11】_used by tourists. On the Lightning Route streetcars, GPS-triggered audio clips point out historical【C12】_. If such services can prove【C13】_, the use of a
25、udio-guide devices could give way【C14】_a different approach. Now, a(n) 【C15】_number of mobile phones have built-in GPS or can determine their【C16】_using other technologies. Information for tourists delivered【C17】_phones could be updated in real time. “Location-based services“, such as the ability to
26、 call up a list of nearby banks or pizzerias, have been talked about for years【C18】_have never taken off. Aiming such services【C19】_tourists makes sensesince people are more likely to want information when in a(n) 【C20】_place. It could give mobile roaming a whole new meaning.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.
27、00）A.route B.directionC.routineD.avenue解析：解析：文章首句提到，当地的旅游巴士就像囚车一样(they felt imprisoned by their tourbus)，旅游巴士走的“路线”是特定的，因此选 A 项 route“路途，路线”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.guidelineB.schedule C.schemeD.catalog解析：解析：旅游时除了确定路线，就是具体的日程安排，故选 B 项 schedule“日程表”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.containingB.retainingC.collectingD.mi
28、ssing 解析：解析：空格前提到“也可以独自观光”，但这意味着没有导游陪伴，由此可推断会错过导游的讲解，所以选 D 项 miss“错过”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.buyB.parkC.rent D.own解析：解析：上一句提及“他们回来以后就成立了一家公司”，再结合上文的“独自观光的游客会错过导游的讲解”，因此可推断游客应该是租他们公司有讲解功能的车出去旅游，故选 C 项 rent“租赁”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.invitedB.treated C.attendedD.tricked解析：解析：空格后为“立体声系统提供的讲解”，结合下文的“启动讲解系统的正是全球
29、定位系统(GPS)卫星技术”推断此处讲“游客能享受讲解服务”，B 项 treat 强调游客能享受的服务，故选 B。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.atB.inC.withD.about 解析：解析：这里是指车载立体声系统能为所到之处进行讲解，用 D 项 about“关于”符合语境意思。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.similar B.familiarC.regularD.particular解析：解析：前一句提到上段梅利莎马汉夫妇创立的公司只是 GPS 提供新式旅游服务的一个范例，下文提及另一公司也是利用 GPS 启动播放的声频剪辑对景点进行讲解，所以应该是类似的服务，选 A 项
30、similar“相似的”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.equippedB.packed C.identifiedD.compared解析：解析：空格后为 sites(景点)，而本句的主语为 The city(这座城市)，因此可推断此处表示“这座城市有景点”，B 项 be packed with 表示“塞满”，这里指整座城市到处是景点，符合要求。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.divisionsB.scenesC.chapters D.characteristics解析：解析：根据空后的 civil war(南北战争)和 civil-rights movement(美国民权运动)
31、可知，这是美国历史的两个重要历史时期，C 项 chapter 引申为“(历史或人生的)重要时期”，符合语境要求。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.circulates B.spreadsC.distributesD.scatters解析：解析：此处定语从句的主语 which 指代上文的“有轨电车系统”，而空格后的宾语为“市区”，结合“旅游”的主题可推断，此处表示“有轨电车系统环绕市区运行”，A 项 circulate“循环，流通”符合要求。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.rarelyB.mainly C.remarkablyD.previously解析：解析：此段主要是列举
32、GPS 在旅游服务中运用的例子，所以可推出此句应表示“乘坐有轨电车的大部分都是游客”，所以选 B 项 mainly“主要地”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.evidenceB.figuresC.eventsD.spots 解析：解析：由于是在电车上听讲解，电车所到之处 GPS 系统能指出的应是“景点”，故选 D 项spots“地点”，historical spots 意为“历史景点”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.popular B.availableC.personalD.public解析：解析：本句主旬提及“音频导游装置有可能被另一种不同的方法所取代”，“另一种不同
33、的方法”指的是下文的“用内置 GPS 的手机或其他技术定位进行讲解”，但这些不同方法的基础还是上文的音频导游装置。因此要取代，必要的条件是音频导游装置流行，故只能选 A 项 popular“受欢迎的”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.withB.atC.to D.of解析：解析：give way to 是固定搭配，表示“让步，让位”，故选 C 项 to。其他三项都不能跟 give way 一起搭配使用，可排除。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.outstandingB.decreasingC.alarmingD.growing 解析：解析：根据下文的“旅游信息可以通过手机实时
34、更新”，说明使用上述手机群体的扩大，即“越来越多的手机有内置 GPS”，故选 D 项 growing“越来越多的”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.territoriesB.neighborhoodsC.situationsD.locations 解析：解析：GPS 主要功能就是定位，另外下文也提及 Location-based services，所以此处为词义复现，选 D 项 locations“位置”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.via B.withC.fromD.in解析：解析：此处表示“通过”手机给游客传达的信息，via 意为“通过途径”，符合文意。故选 A项
35、via“通过”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.andB.but C.orD.then解析：解析：空格前提到“定位服务”一直在被谈论着，空后说始终未得到广泛应用，两句之间表示转折关系，故选 B 项 but。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.at B.toC.withD.of解析：解析：aim at 是固定搭配，表示“瞄准，针对”，这里是指“以游客为服务对象”，故选 A 项。其他三项均不能跟 aim 连用，可排除。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.peculiarB.popularC.unfamiliar D.special解析：解析：上文提及游客(tourists)，
36、根据常识，游客当然对旅游地不熟悉。再由空格前的“更可能需要信息”也可推断是“不熟悉的地方”，故选 C 项 unfamiliar“不熟悉的”。What does it mean to be intelligent? Most psychologists agree that abstract reasoning, problem solving, and the ability to acquire knowledge are all【C1】_of intelligence. However, there is【C2】_agreement on other factors,【C3】_mental
37、 speed and creativity. Anyone who takes an intelligence test will be given an IQ score. This score allows【C4】_with people of the same age, on the【C5】_that 100 is the average IQ.【C6】_97% of people score【C7】_between 70 and 130. But what do IQ tests measure? To some【C8】_they measure our knowledge and v
38、ocabulary. But they also【C9】_on the size of working memory, speed of【C10】_, and an ability to choose appropriate strategies for solving particular problems. IQ tests were created almost 100 years ago and have generated【C11】_controversy since then. It has been found that IQ scores in America improved
39、【C12】_20 to 30 points over the course of the 20th century. It does not make【C13】_to believe that this increase is due to big leaps in inherited intelligence from one generation to another. Instead, it seems likely that【C14】_generations have been better schooled in【C15】_it takes to do well on the tes
40、ts. For many psychologists, it seems absurd to【C16】_the whole of human intelligence to the single score obtained on an IQ test【C17】_, they emphasize multiple intelligences. Someone who is skilled at learning languages may not be musically talented.【C18】_, our intelligence seems to vary according to
41、how familiar we are【C19】_particular situations. One group of 10-year-old street vendors in Brazil, with very little schooling, were good at giving the right change, but did much worse when given【C20】_questions presented like school tasks.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.componentsB.aspects C.ingredients
42、D.phenomena解析：解析：下一句的 However 表明前后两句在说同一件事情，空格前有 agree，下一句有 agreement on other factors，故此处需填与 factors“因素”意思相近的词，B 项 aspects“方面”最准确。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.similarB.importantC.less D.more解析：解析：此处 However 表明本句与上一句意思相反，上文是 most(大多数)，与之相反，此句应为 C项 less“更少的”。故选 C。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.withoutB.fromC.like D.throug
43、h解析：解析：下文提及的 mental speed(心理活动速度)和 creativity(创造力)是 other factors 的具体例子，因此选引出例证的 C 项 like“像”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.comparisons B.compensationsC.compositionsD.comprehensions解析：解析：由下文的“97的人分数在 70 和 130 之间”可知，同龄人进行了对比，A 项 comparison with 表示“与(同类事物)相比”，符合语境要求，故选 A。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.viewB.meaningC.assumpti
44、on D.thought解析：解析：要进行比较，就需要有一定的标准，空格后的“100 是平均的 IQ 值”应是标准，IQ 值是一种很抽象的东西，因此推断这是一种“假设”，故选 C 项 assumption，on the assumption that 也意为“假设”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.roughly B.absolutelyC.slightlyD.completely解析：解析：空格处的词修饰 97，选项中能修饰数字的为 A 项 roughly“大约”和 C 项 slightly“微小地”，而 97的比例不算是“微小地”，故选 A 项。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.
45、somewhatB.somewhere C.somehowD.anyhow解析：解析：空格后的“70 到 130 之间”是一个数字的范围，B 项 somewhere“在某处；左右，大约”后可接数字表示概数，故选 B。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.pointB.extent C.wayD.case解析：解析：空格后说“它们测量知识和词汇”，此外下一句的 But they also(但它们也)，说明测量知识和词汇只是部分的功能，B 项代入，to some extent 意为“在一定程度上”，符合要求。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.depend B.workC.improveD.de
46、cide解析：解析：they 和 also 表明本句和上一句说的是同一件事，上文提到 IQ 测试测量人的知识量和词汇，故本句应该指“IQ 测试还能测量工作记忆的容量大小”，即“IQ 测试的得分高低还取决于”，故选 A 项 depend on“依靠，取决于”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.producingB.progressingC.promotingD.processing 解析：解析：此处与前后两个短语应同属决定智商高低的因素这一语义范畴，而 the size of working memory(工作记忆的容量大小)指人的思维，只有 speed of processing“脑活
47、动速度”与之属于同一范畴，故选 D 项 processing“加工，处理”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.a great deal of B.a great manyC.the number ofD.a large number of解析：解析：the number of 表示“的数量”，后接可数名词复数。而 a great deal of，a great many 和 a large number of 都表示“许多的”。但 a great many 和 a large number of 后面只跟可数名词复数，而 controversy“争议”是不可数名词，故选 A。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.by B.toC.atD.in解析：解析：表示“提高，增加，减少”等意思的动词后接数字的话，中间一般由 by 或者 to 连接。improve by 表示“提高了”；improve to 表示“提高到”。上文提到多数人在 70 到 130 的区间，因此 2030 应该是提高的“幅度”，故选 A 项 by。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.significanceB.reasonC.meaningD.sense 解析：解析：下一句提到“更有可能是因为接受了更好的教育而使分数提高”，因此本
