【考研类试卷】考研英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编9及答案解析.doc
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1、考研英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编 9 及答案解析(总分:60.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:6,分数:60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension(分数:10.00)_2.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.(分数:10.00)_思考的人 2011 年英译汉及详解 With its theme that “Mind is the
2、master weaver,“ creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinketh by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing. 【F1】 Allen“s contribution was to take an assumption we all sharethat because we are not robots we therefore control our
3、 thoughtsand reveal its erroneous nature. Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter, we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the consciou
4、s mind, and【F2】 while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desi
5、re, Allen concluded: “We do not attract what we want, but what we are.“ Achievement happens because you as a person embody the external achievement; you don“t “get“ success but become it. There is no gap between mind and matter. Part of the fame of Allen“s book is its contention that “Circumstances
6、do not make a person, they reveal him.“【F3】 This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom. This, however, would be a knee-jerk reaction to a subtle argument. Each set o
7、f circumstances, however bad, offers a unique opportunity for growth. If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed. In fat,【F4】 circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us, and if we feel that we have been “wronged“
8、then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation. Nevertheless, as any biographer knows, a person“s early life and its conditions are often the greatest gift to an individual. The sobering aspect of Allen“s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condit
9、ion except ourselves.【F5】 The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.(分数:10.00)(1).【F1】(分数:2.00)_(2).【F2】(分数:2.00)_(3).【F3】(分数:2.00)_(4).【F4】(分数:2.00)_(5).【F
10、5】(分数:2.00)_正规教育的地位 2009 年英译汉及详解 There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association
11、.【F1】 It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off ev
12、il influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc.【F2】 Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a direct
13、ive factor in the conduct of the institution. Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world“s work is carried on receives little attention as compared with p
14、hysical output. But in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human fact, gains in importance.【F3】 While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. The need of training is t
15、oo evident and the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account.【F4】 Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers whic
16、h will secure this ability. If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young. 【F5】 We are thus led to distinguish, within the bro
17、ad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of educationthat of direct tuition or schooling. In undeveloped social groups, we find very little formal teaching and training. These groups mainly rely for instilling needed dispositions into the young upon the same s
18、ort of association which keeps adults loyal to their group.(分数:10.00)(1).【F1】(分数:2.00)_(2).【F2】(分数:2.00)_(3).【F3】(分数:2.00)_(4).【F4】(分数:2.00)_(5).【F5】(分数:2.00)_达尔文的思想 2008 年英译汉及详解 In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he
19、always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but【F1】 he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own obs
20、ervations. He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley.【F2】 He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with
21、mathematics. His memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry.【F3】 On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a
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