1、英语-基础语法(六)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.Living in the western part of the country has its problems, _ obtaining fresh water is not the least.A. with which B. for which C. of which D. which（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _ ad
2、vertisements showing happy, balanced families.A. are often seeing B. will often seeC. often see D. have often seen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.Criticism and self-criticism is necessary _ it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.A. by that B. at that C. on that D. in that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.You see the ligh
3、tning _ it happens, but you hear the thunder later.A. the instant B. for an instantC. on the instant D. in an instant（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations _ formal language is used.A. in which B. at what C.
4、on which D. in that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.He has never visited the town _ he was born.A. where B. which C. on which D. that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7._ my return, I learned that Professor Smith had been at the Museum and would not be back for several hours.A. At B. With C. On D. During（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8._ in th
5、e United States, St. Louis has now become the 24th largest city.A. Being the fourth biggest city B. It was once the fourth biggest cityC. Once the fourth biggest city D. The fourth biggest city it was（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.We cant expect _ the habits of a lifetime in a short time.A. for one to change B.
6、 one changeC. one to change D. one to be changed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.By 2010, production in the area is expected to double _ of 1980.A. that B. it C. one D. what（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11._ before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together.A. Had they arrived B. Would they arr
7、iveC. Were they arriving D. Were they to arrive（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12._ hes already heard the news.A. Chances are B. Chance isC. Opportunities are D. Opportunity is（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.She never laughed, _ lose her temper.A. or she ever did B. nor did she everC. or did she ever D. nor she ever did（分数：2.
8、00）A.B.C.D.14.Five minutes earlier, _ we could have caught the last train.A. and B. but C. or D. so（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.That _ out to me at the very beginning.A. ought to be pointed B. ought to pointC. ought to have been pointed D. ought to have pointed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.Mary _ my letter, otherwise
9、she would have replied before now.A. has received B. couldnt have receivedC. ought to have received D. shouldnt have received（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.With all this work on hand, he _ to the cinema last night.A. mustnt go B. wouldnt goC. oughtnt to go D. shouldnt have gone（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.Only under sp
10、ecial circumstances _ to take make-up tests.A. are freshmen permitted B. freshmen are permittedC. permitted are freshmen D. are permitted freshmen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy _ for her examination.A. to prepare B. to be preparedC. pr
11、eparing D. being prepared（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert _ it means standing in a queue all night.A. as if B. even if C. provided D. whatever（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21._ your opinions are worth considering, the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on th
12、em.A. As B. Since C. Provided D. While（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22._ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.A. Being published B. PublishedC. Publishing D. To be published（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.The policemen went into action _ they heard the alarm.A. promptly B. presently C. quickly D. dire
13、ctly（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.I like watching TV _ to the cinema.A. more than to go B. than goingC. rather than to go D. more than going（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.“You are very selfish. Its high time you _ that you are not the most important person in the world,“ Edgar said to his boss angrily.A. have realized B
14、. should realizeC. realize D. realized（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television _ the newspaper completely.A. will replace B. have replacedC. replace D. replaced（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.With his ability and experience, he is entitle
15、d to _ by his colleagues.A. be respected B. being respectedC. respect D. respecting（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28._ their work will give us a much better feel for the wide differences between the two schools of thought.A. To have reviewed B. Having reviewedC. Reviewing D. Being reviewed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.My s
16、isters professor had her _ her paper many times before allowing her to present it to the committee.A. rewritten B. to rewrite C. rewrite D. rewriting（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30._ she realized it was too late to go home.A. No sooner it grew dark thanB. Hardly did it grow dark thatC. Scarcely had it grown dar
17、k thanD. It was not until dark that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.31.The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _ on benches, chairs or boxes.A. having seated B. seatingC. seated D. having been seated（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.Id rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than _ a room wit
18、h someone else.A. to share B. to have sharedC. share D. sharing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.33.He _ in Japan as he left by boat last month.A. ought to arrive B. ought to have arrivedC. should arrive D. must arrive（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.34.He must have had an accident, or he _ then.A. would have been here B. had to be
19、 hereC. should be here D. would be here（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35.Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we _ during the day.A. must have done B. would have doneC. should have done D. may have done（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.36.We are all for your proposal that the discus
20、sion _.A. be put off B. was put offC. should put off D. is to put off（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.You _ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.A. neednt have done B. must not have doneC. shouldnt have done D. can not have done（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38._ that my head had cleared, my bra
21、in was also beginning to work much better.A. For B. Now C. Since D. Despite（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time _ the guards discovered what had happened.A. before B. until C. since D. when（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.40.“Im not going to buy the book.“ “_. Its too exp
22、ensive. “A. I dont either B. Neither am IC. So am I D. Im not, too（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.41._ he works hard, I dont mind when he finishes the experiment.A. As soon as B. As well as C. So far as D. So long as（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.42.The grocer deals in tea, coffee, spices, and _.A. so much B. etc. C. so forth D
23、. alike（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43.The box is _.A. too heavy that I cannot lift it B. too heavy for me to liftC. so heavy for me to lift D. too heavy for lifting（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.44.You may borrow the book _ you keep it clean.A. such as B. so as to C. so long as D. as for（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.The sun heats the
24、 earth, _ is very important to living things.A. that B. what C. which D. as（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.46.The brilliance of his satires was _ make even his victims laugh.A. so as to B. such as to C. so that D. such that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.47.One more try, _ you will succeed.A. or B. but C. so D. and（分数：2.00）A.B.C
25、.D.48.There was such a long line at the exhibition _ we had to wait for about half an hour.A. as B. that C. so D. hence（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.49.Just as the builder is skilled in the handling of his bricks, _ the experienced writer is skilled in the handling of his words.A. as B. thus C. so D. like（分数：2.0
26、0）A.B.C.D.50.It seems oil _ from this pipe for some time. Well have to take the machine apart to put it right.A. had leaked B. is leakingC. leaked D. has been leaking（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.英语-基础语法(六)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.Living in the western part of the count
27、ry has its problems, _ obtaining fresh water is not the least.A. with which B. for which C. of which D. which（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 正确答案为 C项。从句的正常语序应为 obtaining fresh water is not the least of which (of its problems)。介词 of表示“在(同类人或物)中”，例如：He is the most diligent of the boys. 他是男生中最勤奋的。2.Turn on the
28、 television or open a magazine and you _ advertisements showing happy, balanced families.A. are often seeing B. will often seeC. often see D. have often seen（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 本题考查一个常见的英语句型，即 and前面的分句用祈使句，相当于一个条件句，后面的分句用一般将来时，例如：Keep on listening to English every day and you will improve your l
29、istening comprehension. 只要每天坚持听英语，你的听力就会提高。Work hard and you will catch up with your classmates. 只要你努力学习就会赶上你的同学的。A 项用的是现在进行时，C 项用的是一般现在时，而 D项则用的是现在完成时，都不符合题意，因此只有 B项是正确答案。3.Criticism and self-criticism is necessary _ it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.A. by that B. at that C. on that D. i
30、n that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 in that 意为“表现在；原因是，由于，因为”，例如：Britains press is unusual in that it is divided into two very different types of newspaper. 英国报纸的独特性在于它被分为两种不同的报纸。4.You see the lightning _ it happens, but you hear the thunder later.A. the instant B. for an instantC. on the instant D. in an
31、 instant（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 从句子结构看，it happens 是从句，前面需要一个连词来连接。在四个选项中，B 项、C项和 D项皆是介词短语，不能连接从句。A 项 the instant相当于“as soon as”，可起连接作用，例如：I sent you the news the instant I heard it. 我一听到这消息，便立刻通知了你。Please let me know the instant you get the visa. 一拿到签证，就告诉我。Stormy applause broke forth the instant sh
32、e appeared on the stage. 她一在台上出现，台下就响起暴风雨般的掌声。由此可见，只有A项符合题意。另外，类似短语还有 the minute，the moment 等。5.Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations _ formal language is used.A. in which B. at what C. on which D. in that（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：
33、解析 in.situation 是固定搭配，作“在情形下，在场合中”讲。例如：We must crash both the interior and exterior enemies of the Republic, or perish with her. And in this situation, the first maxim of our policy should be to conduct the People by reason and the enemies of the People by terror. 我们必须击败共和国内外的敌人，不然就会与共和国同归于尽。在此情况下，我
34、们政策的第一条，应当是依靠理智来管理人民，借助恐怖来统治人民的敌人。6.He has never visited the town _ he was born.A. where B. which C. on which D. that（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 根据句子结构可以判断出 town后面为定语从句。定语从句中关系词的选择取决于该词在从句中的句法作用。该定语从句既不缺主语，也不缺宾语，故不需要关系代词，B 项和 D项可以排除。C 项中虽是“介词+关系代词”结构，但是介词 on用的不合适。where 在定语从句中作状语，因此只有 A项既符合语法，又符合结构，为正确答案
35、。7._ my return, I learned that Professor Smith had been at the Museum and would not be back for several hours.A. At B. With C. On D. During（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 on 用来指时间，表示“在之时”，相当于 at the same time of，后跟动名词或表示动作的名词，例如：On his arrival in Qingdao, he set to work in earnest. 一到青岛他就认真地干了起来。而 at，with 和
36、 during则没有这种用法。8._ in the United States, St. Louis has now become the 24th largest city.A. Being the fourth biggest city B. It was once the fourth biggest cityC. Once the fourth biggest city D. The fourth biggest city it was（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 根据句子结构，我们可以将 B项和 D项排除。A 项中 the fourth biggest city与主
37、句中的 the 24th biggest city相矛盾。正确答案为 C项。Once 在这里作连词，引导一个省略了主语和 be形式的谓语。例如：Love, like Reputation, once fled, never returns. 爱情像名誉，一旦失去，永不再来。Love is like a mirror: once broken, that ends it. 爱情就像一面镜子：一旦破碎，断难重圆。9.We cant expect _ the habits of a lifetime in a short time.A. for one to change B. one change
38、C. one to change D. one to be changed（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 expect 为及物动词，作“期待，预期，盼望”讲，可以构成 expect sb. (sth. ) 或expect sb. to do sth. 或 expect that+从句。后接复合宾语时，宾语补足语一般要用带 to的动词不定式。A 项中的 for多余，B 项中的宾语补足语没带 to，D 项中不定式被动形式的使用将 one和 change由原来的逻辑主谓关系变为逻辑上的动宾关系，改变了题意，因而 A项、B 项和 D项错误，只有 C项为正确答案。10.By 2010,
39、production in the area is expected to double _ of 1980.A. that B. it C. one D. what（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 代词 one和 that都可以用来指代前文出现的名词，其区别在于：that 代替前面有定冠词的名词或不带冠词的名词，而 one代替前面有不定冠词的名词；one 只能代替普通的可数名词，不可用来代替不可数名词；而 that可用来代替不可数名词，that 的复数形式为 those；而 one的复数形式则为ones：This is a point of idiom rather than
40、one of grammar. 这是一个成语问题而不是语法问题。The cost of oil is less than that of gas. 油的价钱比煤气的价钱低。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Xian. 上海的人口比西安多。因此 A项正确。it 代替所指清楚的物。例如：Give it to me, please. 请把那个给我(听者知道“it”指什么)。D 项 what不能代替前面出现的名词，因此 D项错误。11._ before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should
41、 have a wonderful time together.A. Had they arrived B. Would they arriveC. Were they arriving D. Were they to arrive（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 语法题，考查虚拟语气，虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were，should 或 had，可将 if省略，再把 were，should 或 had移到从句句首，实行倒装。此句是混合虚拟，从句中有 the day after tomorrow表将来的状语，因此应用 were to形式，所以答案是 D项。12._ hes a
42、lready heard the news.A. Chances are B. Chance isC. Opportunities are D. Opportunity is（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 “(The) Chances are (that)”常用于口语中，意为“很可能”，例如：The chances are that he is staying at home. 他很可能待在家里。13.She never laughed, _ lose her temper.A. or she ever did B. nor did she everC. or did she
43、ever D. nor she ever did（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 在英语中，表示前一种情况也适用于后者时，可以使用 so，neither，nor 后跟倒装句来表示，肯定句中用 so，否定句中用 neither或 nor，例如：He quickened his pace and so did I. 他加快了步伐，我也同样。I trust him completely; so would anyone who knows him. 我完全信任他，了解他的人都这样。I havent read the book; neither do I intend to read i
44、t. 这本书我没看过，也不想看。My lips will not speak wickedness, nor will my tongue utter deceit. 我不会口出恶言，也不会撒谎。14.Five minutes earlier, _ we could have caught the last train.A. and B. but C. or D. so（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 本题旨在考查四个并列连词的用法。连接词 and，可以表示条件，即 and前一部分是条件，后一部分是在这一条件下产生的结果。这一结构的前面部分通常用祈使句，有时也用省略句。从全句来看
45、，前面部分是一种条件，后面部分是一种结果，符合上述 and的这一用法，因此 A项正确。but 表示意义的转折，不符合题意。or 虽然也起连接两个句子的作用，但其意为“否则，要不然”，前面的句子通常是一种警告，例如：Hurry up, or well be late for the meeting. 快点，否则开会要迟到了。so 后面的分句虽然也表示一种结果，但前面的分句须表示原因，例如：It was late, so we went home. 天晚了，所以我们就回家去了。由此可见，B 项、C 项和 D项皆不正确。15.That _ out to me at the very beginnin
46、g.A. ought to be pointed B. ought to pointC. ought to have been pointed D. ought to have pointed（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 ought to 意为“应当”，和动词不定式的一般形式连用，表示劝某人做某事，或告诉某人有责任做某事，在这种情况下，不定式的动作尚未发生，例如：You ought to be more careful. 你应该更小心一些。此外，ought to 跟动词不定式的完成形式连用，用来谈论过去，表示“本来应该做某事却没有做”，含有责备之意，例如：You ought
47、to have finished the work yesterday. 你昨天就该完成这项工作。at the very beginning 一般作过去时间状语，因此 ought to后面应用不定式的完成时，故A项和 D项应予以排除。point out 和 that具有逻辑上的动宾关系，因此 ought to后的动词不定式要用被动形式，所以只有 C项为正确答案。16.Mary _ my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.A. has received B. couldnt have receivedC. ought to h
48、ave received D. shouldnt have received（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 couldnt have done sth. 可用来表示对过去某一动作的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”，例如：He couldnt have committed that crime because I was with him when the murder happened. 他不可能犯罪，因为凶案发生时我和他在一起。ought to have done 意为“本应该做(而实际上未做的)某事”，含有责备之意，例如：You ought to have helped him yesterday. 昨天你本该去帮助他。shouldnt have done sth. 意为“本来不应该做某事(反而做了)”，含有责备之意，例如：You shouldnt have told him about his illness. 你本不该把他的病情告诉他。根据句子结构和下文内容我们可以看出该题应该选 B项。17.With all this work
