1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）-试卷 191 及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of peoples practice of forwarding best wishes
2、messages and then express your views on this practice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：12，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.To build a new lighthouse.B.To fix the existing lighthouse.C.To purchase a moveable
3、lighthouse.D.To pay for Mr. Gold.A.It has built a steel wall against sea erosion.B.It has been repairing the lighthouse for years.C.It has been strengthening the sea defences for two years.D.It has been doing weather forecast for the lighthouse for two years.A.The child refugees may be sold by trade
4、rs.B.The children from Syria may become refugees.C.Two many child refugees may cause disorder.D.The relation between the UK and Syria may be affected.A.African countries.B.Asia countries.C.Middle East countries.D.South American countries.A.Lack of oil storage space.B.Regional collapse in oil price.C
5、.Excessive oil demand of the US.D.Decision on cut in oil production.A.The United States.B.The European countries.C.Many a country.D.Saudi ArabiaA.Stored oil should be sold soon to support its price.B.No restraint in purchase led to its lower price.C.Oil could be stored in tankers to support its pric
6、e.D.Oil production should be cut down to lower its price.5.Section B_A.He doesnt have a checklist-release card.B.He goes to the wrong place for registration.C.He ibrgets to return books to the library.D.He is on the library checklist.A.Calm.B.Angry.C.Interested.D.Funny.A.Go to the library.B.Pay the
7、money.C.Go through registration.D.Get a checklist-release card.A.Give up registration and leave.B.Talk to the admissions representative.C.Go to the library immediately.D.Wait until the woman processes his registration.A.Doctor.B.Government official.C.Teacher.D.Babysitter.A.He is always ill.B.He is t
8、oo active.C.He speaks too little.D.He does a bad thing.A.His parents disagree with that.B.His parents cant be with him.C.His parents think it is unhealthy.D.His parents order him to stay at home.A.It is signed by the state government.B.It could raise money from parents.C.It has been drawn up to prot
9、ect children.D.It could help to fund afternoon programs.6.Section C_A.He ran a village shop.B.He worked on a farm.C.He worked in an advertising agency.D.He was a gardener.A.It was stressful.B.It was colorful.C.It was peaceful.D.It was boring.A.His desire to start his own business.B.The crisis in his
10、 family life.C.His dream of living in the countryside.D.The decline in his health.A.The relationship between brain size and intelligence is unquestionable.B.People with small brains may be highly intelligent as well.C.Einstein was the only exception of the brain size and intelligence relationship.D.
11、It is meaningless to study the relationship between brain size and intelligence.A.In the 1830s.B.In the 1930s.C.In the 1860s.D.In the 1960s.A.Adults and women tend to be more intelligent.B.Women on average have the same mental level with men.C.Women tend to score lower than men in intelligence tests
12、.D.Women are generally more intelligent than men.A.Children were more likely to drink too much soda.B.Attention problems had nothing to do with age and sex.C.Drinking soda might lead to aggressive behaviors.D.Signs of aggression were shown mainly by boys.A.Taking part in fights.B.Laughing at others.
13、C.Consuming soft drinks.D.Attacking animals.A.Childrens friends.B.Parenting styles.C.Sleeping habits.D.Learning conditions.A.Caffeine.B.Sex.C.Sweets.D.Characters.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_Conrad Hilton really wanted to be a banker. Instead, he
14、 successfully changed the 1purchase of a Texas low-end hotel into a multimillion-dollar hotel empire that earned him the 2“innkeeper to the world.“ Born in New Mexico in 1887, Hilton was 19 when his parents began renting out rooms in their home. The business didnt interest him, however, so he became
15、 a 3legislator (立法者), founded a bank and went off to war. In 1919, after Hiltons father died, a friend suggested he go to Texas to make his 4. Hilton ended up in Cisco: when his bank deal there 5, he headed to a nearby hotel, the Mobley. It 6to oil-field workers, so its 40 rooms turned over every ei
16、ght hours. A week later, Hilton owned it He soon acquired more hotelsand started to build new ones. His first, the Dallas Hilton, opened in 1925. By the late 1940s, Hiltons list included the Town House in Beverly Hills and Chicagos Palmer House, as well as 7nightclubs featuring A-list stars. He also
17、 expanded 8. And in 1949, he bought the “greatest of them all“: New York Citys magnificent Waldorf Astoria Typically American, Hiltons were creative too: the first to have rooms with air-conditioning, TVs, ironing boards and sewing kits. Even modern hotel-reservations systems 9from one Hilton which
18、was established in 1948. Today the Hilton Hotels Corp. owns some 3,300 10in 78 countries. Last year more than a quarter-billion guests checked in.A) casual E) fortune I) motivated M) severeB) catered F) inherited J) nickname N) souredC) evolved G) internationally K) previously O) stateD) features H)
19、 luxurious L) properties（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_What If You Could Learn Everything?A Imagine every student has a tireless personal tutor, an artificially intelligent and inexhaustible companion that magically knows everything, know
20、s the student, and helps her learn what she needs to know. “You guys sound like youre from the future,“ Jose Ferreira, the CEO of the education technology startup Knewton, says. “Thats the most common reaction we get from others in the industry.“B Four years ago, this kind of talk sounded like typic
21、al Silicon Valley boast from another childish founder of a technology startup. Today, Knewton says they can deliver the kinds of breakthroughs: several million data points generated daily by each of 1 million students from elementary school through college, using Knewtons “adaptive learning“ technol
22、ogy to study math, reading, and other fundamentals. Peter Thiel, the PayPal co-founder, Facebook investor, and an early investor in Knewton, told Knewtons staff recently that the company has two key characteristics he looks for in a deal. “Before they happen, everybody thought it was impossible. Aft
23、erwards its too late for anyone else, because theyve already done it.“C Adaptive learning is an increasingly popular saying indicating educational software that customizes its presentation of material from moment to moment based on the users input. Its being hailed as a “revolution“ by both venture
24、capitalists and big, established education companies. Starting this fall, Knewtons technology will be available to the vast majority of the nations colleges and universities and K-12 school districts through new partnerships with three major textbook publishers: Pearson, MacMillan, and Houghton Miff
25、lin Harcourt. And Ferreiras done all this even though he says neither his investors nor his competition, to say nothing of the public or the press, really understand what Knewton can do.D But heres the vision. Within 5 or 10 years, the paper textbook and mimeographed (油印的) worksheet will be dead. Cl
26、assroom exercises and homeworktext, audio, video, gameswill have shifted entirely to the iPad or equivalent. And adaptive learning will help each user find the exact right piece of content needed, in the exact right format, at the exact right time, based on previous patterns of use.E In an age of sw
27、elling class sizes, teacher layoffs, and students with a vast grouping of special needs and learning styles, some reformers greet these adaptive learning software systems as a savior that could make learning more customized and effective and teaching more efficient. While battle lines are sharp in K
28、-12 school reform over issues from charters to the Common Core national curriculum standards, digital innovations have fans across the political scope for their power to engage students and bring the classroom into the 21st century.F Knewton, at base, is a recommendation engine but for learning. The
29、 recommendation engine is a core technology of the Internet, and probably one you encounter every day. Google uses recommendations: other people who entered these search terms clicked on this page, so well show it to you first. The more you use one of these websites, the more it knows about younot j
30、ust about your current behavior, but about all the other searches and clicks youve done. In theory, as you spend more time with a site its recommendations will become more personalized.G Rather than the set of all Web pages or all movies, the learning data set is, more or less, the universe of all f
31、acts. Ferreira calls these facts “atomic concepts,“ meaning that theyre indivisible into smaller concepts. When a textbook publisher like Pearson loads its curriculum into Knewtons platform, each piece of contentit could be a video, a test question, or a paragraph of textis tagged with the appropria
32、te concept or concepts.H The platform forms a personalized study plan based on that information and decides what the student should work on next, feeding the student the appropriate new pieces of content and continuously checking the progress. A dashboard (仪表盘) shows the student how many “mastery po
33、ints“ have been achieved and what to do next. Teachers, likewise, can see exactly which concepts the student is struggling with, and not only whether the homework problems have been done but also how many times each problem was attempted or how many hints were needed. The more people use the system,
34、 the better it gets: and the more you use it, the better it gets for you.I In a traditional class, a teacher moves a group of students through a predetermined sequence of material at a single pace. Reactions are delayedyou dont get homework or pop quizzes back for a day or two. Some students are bor
35、ed: some are confused. You can miss a key idea, fall behind, and never catch up. Software-enabled adaptive learning flips all of this on its head. Students can move at their own speed. They can get hints and instant feedback. Teachers, meanwhile, can spend class time targeting their help to individu
36、als or small groups based on need.J The Knewton system uses its analytics to keep students motivated. If it notices that you seem to have a confidence problem, because you too often blow questions that should be easy based on previous results, it will start you off with a few questions youre likely
37、to get right. If youre stuck, choosing the wrong answer again and again, it will throw out broader and broader hints before just showing you the right answer. It knows when to drill you on multiplication and when to give you a fun animated video to watch.K These are early days, and the questions are
38、 mounting. Research indicates that emotional qualities like courage, persistence, and motivation may be even more important to students success than the knowledge or skills they acquire, and they all depend heavily on human relationships. Knowledge acquisition is the only aspect of education that to
39、days digital technology seems especially well adapted to. So far, most software applications, platforms, apps, and games, including Knewtons, have been optimized for transferring quantitative, bounded bodies of facts in fields like math, science, or engineering, as well as basic literacy and grammar
40、. An adaptive-learning platform like Knewtons is helpless to analyze a students insight in class discussions, the special brilliance of an essay, or creativity in a group presentation. In a rare moment of modesty, Ferreira agrees. “In the end,“ he says, “maybe Knewton is just a tool.“（分数：20.00）(1).S
41、tudents get personalized study plan and teachers get detailed information about students performance from Knewton platform.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).With cooperation with major textbook publishers, Knewtons technology will be accessible to many universities beginning from this autumn.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).W
42、hen curriculums are put into Knewtons platform, theyre labeled with proper concepts.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).The Knewton system pays attention to students confidence problems.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Knewton basically works in the same way as Google, but only for learning.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).Adaptive learning
43、 is a phrase used to indicate educational software that changes the materials presented to users according to their input.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).Knewton helps little in developing students emotional qualities.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).Adaptive learning software systems have many political supporters.（分数：2.00
44、）填空项 1:_(9).In a traditional class, students cant get timely homework feedback.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).An investor believed in Knewton because it owns the characteristics he values in a deal.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Section C_In Sao Paulo, a baby boy is smiling, unaware that a court is deciding his fate. If
45、it finds in his fathers favor, he is in all kinds of trouble. There may be a law in Brazil against giving your child a name that might cause him to be laughed at, but daddy wants to call his son Osama bin Laden. The same father, Osvaldo Oliveira Soares, has a habit of trying to use babies as political statements. Nine years ago, he was banned from naming a previous son Saddam Hussein. Unlike Brazil, there is no law in Britain that restricts a parents right to name their child. “Its not for t
