1、翻译三级口译实务-6 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数:1,分数:20.00)1.A:今天,我们非常高兴地欢迎“神舟六号”载人航天代表团以及各位航天科学家来与我们见面。B:Well,the two Chinese astronauts have toured space on board Shenzhou-6 and conducted experiments during their flightPeople have been following the mission with great interestToday,I am very
2、excited to meet the two astronauts face to faceA:确实,中国从 1992 年启动载人航天工程以来,在航天技术上取得了突破性的进展,在短短 13 年里,一跃成为能够掌握载人航天技术的少数几个国家之一。这些成果令整个中华民族引以为傲。B:I listened to the speech by Colonel Yang Liwei,the first Chinese astronaut,in 2003,and I feel privileged to have this one more opportunity to pay respects to y
3、our space heroes and share the joys of their SuccessA:今天,“神舟六号”载人航天代表团还给我们带来了两套内容丰富的影片,包括航天员的日常训练情况和神舟六号的飞行情况,使我们得以重温那些历史性的时刻。B:The Success of Shenzhou-6 marks a new era in Chinas scientific and technological developmentI sincerely hope that there will be continued and tremendous success in the spac
4、e flight industry of your country (分数:20.00)_二、BPart /B(总题数:1,分数:40.00)2.This is a terrible disease, for which we do not yet have a cureNor do we have a vaccine Meanwhile, the mortality rate for MDS is 100 percentMDS means that the immune system of a person has gone wrongThe immune system is the bio
5、logical system in your body which fights off diseasesThis system is composed mostly of what are commonly termed“white blood cells“These cells are the hunters in the bodyWhen a virus, such as the common cold,invades the body, the White blood cells rush to the invader and kill itWhile these blood cell
6、s are busy killing an invader, the bodys immune system is said to“be under attack“If another virus or bacteria enters the body at the same time as the white blood cells are busy fighting off an invader, the second attacker has a beRer chance ofinjuring the rest of the bodys systemScientists found th
7、e virus that causes AIDS and named it HIVThe HIV vimS attacks the white blood cells and kills them,thus preventing these white cells from carrying on their impor- tant work of killing the other invading virusesWe cannot tell if a person has an HIV infectionjustby looking at himAnd here lies part of
8、the problem about the spread of HIV infection among peopleFor at least the first few years after a person has contracted the Hvirusthere are no indications that the person has theHowever, during this time the person carrying the virus can pass it onto other people through intimate sexual relations o
9、r sharing blood with themThen how do we know ifwe have HIV or not?The answer is simpleHave an HIV blood testThis simple, painless AIDS test will take only a few minutes ofyour time, and, if you are at all in doubt about whether you might have contracted the HIV virus, it is a life-saving endeavor (分
10、数:40.00)_三、BPart /B(总题数:1,分数:40.00)3.中国国务院新闻办主任赵启正在开幕式上说,中美两国是两个伟大的国家,它们之间的关系不仅对本国十分重要,而且对世界的和平和发展也十分重要。1972 年尼克松总统第一次访问中国时说,对美国人民来说,远隔太平洋的中国是一个遥远而神秘的国度,将近 30 年后的今天,这种神秘感显然是减少了,但两国之间的了解比应该达到的程度仍相差很远。人民之间的了解和友谊是两国关系的基石,“2000 年中国文化美国行”就是为铺筑这样的基石而努力。 (分数:40.00)_翻译三级口译实务-6 答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、BP
11、art /B(总题数:1,分数:20.00)1.A:今天,我们非常高兴地欢迎“神舟六号”载人航天代表团以及各位航天科学家来与我们见面。B:Well,the two Chinese astronauts have toured space on board Shenzhou-6 and conducted experiments during their flightPeople have been following the mission with great interestToday,I am very excited to meet the two astronauts face to
12、 faceA:确实,中国从 1992 年启动载人航天工程以来,在航天技术上取得了突破性的进展,在短短 13 年里,一跃成为能够掌握载人航天技术的少数几个国家之一。这些成果令整个中华民族引以为傲。B:I listened to the speech by Colonel Yang Liwei,the first Chinese astronaut,in 2003,and I feel privileged to have this one more opportunity to pay respects to your space heroes and share the joys of the
13、ir SuccessA:今天,“神舟六号”载人航天代表团还给我们带来了两套内容丰富的影片,包括航天员的日常训练情况和神舟六号的飞行情况,使我们得以重温那些历史性的时刻。B:The Success of Shenzhou-6 marks a new era in Chinas scientific and technological developmentI sincerely hope that there will be continued and tremendous success in the space flight industry of your country (分数:20.0
14、0)_正确答案:(A: It is our great pleasure to welcome Shenzhou- 6 manned spacecraft delegation and all the space scientists today. B: 是的,两位中国船天员乘坐“神舟六号”遨游太空,在太空飞行中进行各项实验。人们对于这次太空使命表现了浓厚的兴趣。今天,我可以跟两位航天员见面,心情非常兴奋。 A: Indeed, since China began the manned space program in 1992, China has made significant brea
15、kthroughs in the development of space technology. In only 13 years, China has become one of the few countries to master manned space flight technology. The entire Chinese nation is proud of these achievements. B: 我在 2003 年曾听过贵国首位航天员杨利伟上校的讲话,今天能再一次目睹贵国航天英雄的风采,分享他们成功的喜悦,感到非常荣幸。 A: Today,the delegation
16、 of Shenzhou-6 manned space flight mission has also brought us two informative filmsThey feature the training of the astronauts,and the space mission of Shenzhou-6. These films will bring back to us all those memorable historic moments B: “神舟六号”的成功,标志着中国已经进入了一个科技发展的新时期。我衷心祝愿贵国航天事业的发展一日千里。)解析:解析 本文是一
17、篇关于中国航天技术和“神舟六号”载人航天工程的对话。要求应试者掌握一些航天飞行的基础知识和专业词汇。此外,应试者还需要在较短的时间内,理解、分析、简化或切分长难句,避免从句堆积;对于一些较为生僻的词汇,不能死译、硬译,而应该在理解的基础上意泽;做交替传译时,在忠实原文意思的基础上,可以在结构上进行一些变化,以达到通顺的效果。同时,还应该注意上下文的衔接。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇对话考查的基础知识点,涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等,是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1神州六号 Shenzhou-6 2astronaut 航天员 3航天技术 space technology 4航
18、天代表团 spacecraft delegation 5载人航天工程 manned space programme 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句,要求应试者迅速理解句子大意,分析出句子中所包含的意群,转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中,应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1今天,我们非常高兴地欢迎“神舟六号”载人航天代表团以及各位航天科学家来与我们见面。 原句的句子主干分析如下:(主语)我们+(谓语)欢迎+(宾语)科学家。英汉思维方式不同,汉语注重主体性叙述,英语兼顾主体性、客体性叙述,倾向于客体性叙述。根据这一差异,在翻译时,需要进
19、行变通,原文用人称代词“我们”充当主语,译文可以用客观事实“欢迎科学家”充当主语,同时,为了保证结构上的平衡,需要使用“it”作形式主语,真正的主语用不定式表示,移至句末。 2Well,the two Chinese astronauts have toured space on board Shenzhou-6 and conducted experiments during their flight. 原文句子结构分析如下:(主语)astronauts+(谓语 1)have toured+(宾语 1) space+(连接词)and+(谓语 2) have conducted+(宾语 2)
20、experiments。原句是由“and”连接的一个并列句,有两个互不依从的主谓结构。诸如“and”等连接词是应试者做笔记的重要引导词,需要注意。原句中的“on board Shenzhou-6”是方式状语,翻译时,应该移至谓语之前。 3确实,中国从 1992 年启动载人航天工程以来,在航天技术上取得了突破性的进展,在短短 13 年里,一跃成为能够掌握载人航天技术的少数几个国家之一。原句句子结构分析如下:(主语)中国+(动宾 1)取得了进展+(动宾 2)成为了少数几个国家之一。处理这个长句的关键在于两个动宾结构,翻译时,可以将这两个动宾结构分解为两个句子。 4I listened to the
21、 speech by Colonel Yang Liwei,the first Chinese astronaut,in 2003,and I feel privileged to have this one more opportunity to pay respects to your space heroes and share the joys of their success. 原句句子结构分析如下:(主语)I+(谓语 1)listened to+(宾语 1)the speech +(连接词)and+(谓语 2)feel privileged+(宾语 2)to have opport
22、unity。原句是两个主谓结构组成的一个并列句。根据汉语表达习惯,翻译时,时间状语“in 2003”需要提前。 5The success of Shenzhou-6 marks a new era in Chinas scientific and technological development. 原句句子结构分析如下:(主语)the success+(谓语)marks+(宾语)a new era。英汉思维方式不同,英语注重静态表达,汉语注重动态表达,在翻译时,可以采取增词译法,增加动词“进入”。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思,还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一
23、些重要短语、单词。 1space hero 航天英雄 2tour space 遨游太空 3启动 begin 4space flight industry 航天事业 5突破性进展 significant breakthroughs 6feel privileged to. 对感到荣幸 7pay respects to. 目睹风采 8share the joys of their success 分享他们成功的喜悦 9历史性时刻 historic moments 10a new era 新时期二、BPart /B(总题数:1,分数:40.00)2.This is a terrible diseas
24、e, for which we do not yet have a cureNor do we have a vaccine Meanwhile, the mortality rate for MDS is 100 percentMDS means that the immune system of a person has gone wrongThe immune system is the biological system in your body which fights off diseasesThis system is composed mostly of what are co
25、mmonly termed“white blood cells“These cells are the hunters in the bodyWhen a virus, such as the common cold,invades the body, the White blood cells rush to the invader and kill itWhile these blood cells are busy killing an invader, the bodys immune system is said to“be under attack“If another virus
26、 or bacteria enters the body at the same time as the white blood cells are busy fighting off an invader, the second attacker has a beRer chance ofinjuring the rest of the bodys systemScientists found the virus that causes AIDS and named it HIVThe HIV vimS attacks the white blood cells and kills them
27、,thus preventing these white cells from carrying on their impor- tant work of killing the other invading virusesWe cannot tell if a person has an HIV infectionjustby looking at himAnd here lies part of the problem about the spread of HIV infection among peopleFor at least the first few years after a
28、 person has contracted the Hvirusthere are no indications that the person has theHowever, during this time the person carrying the virus can pass it onto other people through intimate sexual relations or sharing blood with themThen how do we know ifwe have HIV or not?The answer is simpleHave an HIV
29、blood testThis simple, painless AIDS test will take only a few minutes ofyour time, and, if you are at all in doubt about whether you might have contracted the HIV virus, it is a life-saving endeavor (分数:40.00)_正确答案:(这是一种可怕的疾病。对于这种病我们至今还没找到治疗方法,也没有预防的疫苗。与此同时,目前艾滋病的死亡率几乎为 100%。 得了艾滋病意味着一个人的免疫系统出了毛病。免
30、疫系统是人体内与疾病抗争的生物系统。这一系统主要是由我们通常所称的“白血球”构成的。 这些白血球是体内的猎人。如果一种病毒,如普通感冒病毒,侵入人体内,白血球就会奋起迎击,杀死他们。 当白血球忙于与这些入侵者作战时,体内的免疫系统便处于“受到攻击”状态。这时,如果另一种病毒或细菌也侵入体内,这第二位入侵者会更容易使身体的其他系统受到损害。 科学家已发现了引起艾滋病的病毒,叫做HIV。这种病毒攻击并杀死白血球,使他们无法执行抵御入侵病毒的重要使命。 仅仅凭肉眼观察,我们并不能分辨出一个人是否感染上了 HIV。这也就是 HIV 能在两个人或更多的人中得以传播的部分原因。因为一个健康的人感染上 HI
31、V 病毒以后,至少在最初的几年里没有任何迹象表明他/她的血液里有 HIV 病毒。 然而在这一时期,这个带有病毒的人却能通过性行为或输血把病毒传染给他人。 那么,我们怎样才能知道自己是否受到了 HIV 的感染呢?答案很简单:去做一个 HIV 血液检验。这种简单的检验只需花你几分钟的时间。如果你对自己是否感染了 HIV 病毒心存疑虑,去做一个血液检查乃是救生之举。)解析:解析 本文主要讲述了艾滋病的有关情况,这种可怕的疾病死亡率很高,是指人体免疫系统出了问题,HIV 病毒破坏了人体的免疫系统,但其潜伏期很长,要想知道是否得了艾滋病,要进行血液检查。 本文要求译者掌握艾滋病问题的各个方面,其中考查译
32、者对专门用语的掌握 情况,以反映译者的基本素质;在此基础上,译者还要在相当短的时间内记录讲话的核心信息,对长难句理解并准确完整地翻译;对某些短语和单词确切理解其含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法,使全文的翻译不仅准确完整,而且符合目标语的语言习惯。 基本素质采分点 下列单词或短语是基础知识点,包括专有名词、惯用表达等,是译者正确理解并翻译的关键。 1AIDS 艾滋病 2mortality rate 死亡率 3immune system 免疫系统 4whitebloodcell 白细胞 结构理解采分点 以下各句是本文出现的长难句,需要译者在短时间内,判断其结构、大意并组织翻译语言,且保证信息
33、的完整和准确。这要求在听时,译者应注意长句的基本结构,而后补充次要结构的内容,要求译者不仅能用符合目标语言的习惯方式表述信息,而且要保证信息在表述过程中不会缺失或误译。 1The immune system is the biological system in your body which fights off diseases 原文句子结构分析如下:1)主干结构是(主语)the immune system+(谓语) is+(宾语)biological system;2)定语从句来修饰限定宾语。翻译该句时应采用变序法,按照中文表达习惯,把后置定语从句放在中心词之前,使译文符合中文表达方式。
34、参考译文为:免疫系统是人体内与疾病抗争的生物系统。 2If another virus or bacteria enters the body at the same time as the white blood cells are busy fighting off an invader,the second attacker has a better chance of injuring the rest of the bodys system 原句句子结构分析如下:1)主干结构是 if 条件从句+主句;2)主句主干是 the second attacker+has+a chance;3
35、)if 条件从句中包含时间状语从句。翻译时可采用变序法,改变时间状语从句的位置,使译文符合中文表达习惯。参考译文为:当白血球忙于与这些入侵者作战时,这时,如果另一种病毒或细菌也侵入体内,这第二位入侵者会更容易使身体的其他系统受到损害。 3The HIV virus attacks the white blood cells and kills them,thus preventing these white cells from carrying on their important work ofkilfing the other invading viruses 原句句子结构分析如下:1)
36、句子主干是(主语)the virus+(谓语)attacks/ kills+(宾语)white blood cells;2)现在分词短语作伴随状语。翻译时可用顺译法,按照中文的表达方法使译文流畅。参考译文为:这种病毒攻击并杀死白血球,使他们无法执行抵御入侵病毒的重要使命。 4For at least the first few years after a person has contracted the HIV virus,there are no indications that the person has the HIV virus in his/her bloodstream 原句句
37、子结构分析如下:1)句子主干是(主语)there+(谓语)is+(宾语) indications;2)For at least介词短语作时间状语;3)after a personhas contracted the HIV virus,包含在时间状语之中的时间状语从句。翻译时根据中文表达习惯,时间状语放在句首,可采用变序法,对句序作适当调整。参考译文为:因为一个健康的人感染上 HIV 病毒以后,至少在最初的几年里没有任何迹象表明他/她的血液里有 HIV 病毒。 5This simple,painless AIDS test will take only a few minutes of you
38、r time,and,if you are at all in doubt about whether you might have contracted the HIV virus。it is a life-saving endeavor 原句句子结构分析如下:1)句子主干是连词 and 衔接的两个句子;2)第一个分句主干是(主语)the test+(谓语)take+(宾语)minutes;3)第二个分句是 if 引导的条件从句+主句。 翻译时,按照中文表达习惯,采用拆译法,将并列句拆成两个短句,并适当调整句序使译文流畅。参考译文为:这种简单的检验只需花你几分钟的时间。如果你对自己是否感染了
39、 HIV 病毒心存疑虑,去做一个血液检查乃是救生之举。 言语表达采分点 译者在注意了整体表达的基础上,还应正确处理某些重要短语或单词的理解和翻译,以使译文完整通畅。 1vaccine 疫苗 2be composed of 由组成 3termed 把称为,把叫做 4invader 入侵者 5virus 病毒 6bacteria 细菌 7infection 传染,感染 8contract 感染 9pass onto 传递 10life-saving endeavor 救生的努力三、BPart /B(总题数:1,分数:40.00)3.中国国务院新闻办主任赵启正在开幕式上说,中美两国是两个伟大的国家,
40、它们之间的关系不仅对本国十分重要,而且对世界的和平和发展也十分重要。1972 年尼克松总统第一次访问中国时说,对美国人民来说,远隔太平洋的中国是一个遥远而神秘的国度,将近 30 年后的今天,这种神秘感显然是减少了,但两国之间的了解比应该达到的程度仍相差很远。人民之间的了解和友谊是两国关系的基石,“2000 年中国文化美国行”就是为铺筑这样的基石而努力。 (分数:40.00)_正确答案:( Minister Zhao Qizheng ofthe State Council Information Office said at the opening ceremony, China and the
41、 U.S.are two great nations,andtheir relationship is not only highly important to the two countries,but also to peace and development the world over During his first visit to China in 1 972,President Nixon said that to the American people China was a remote and mysterious country on the other side of
42、 the Pacific OceanNearly 30 years later,this sense ofmystery has reduced remarkably,but the level ofmutual understanding between the two countries is still very far from where it should have been Understanding and friendship of the two peoples are the foundation stone of bilateral relationshipChina
43、Cultural Exchange 2000 is designed precisely to lay such a foundation stone)解析:解析 本文有关“2000 年中国文化美国行”,讲述了中美关系的重要性,并提到从美国总统第一次访华至今,中美之间的了解还没达到应该的程度,文化行活动的目的是促进中美双方的了解。 本文考查应试者对中英关系方面基本知识的掌握情况,包括某些专门用语、中国外交领域的特色表达、专有名词等的掌握情况,以确定其口译的基本素质;在此基础上,应试者还要在相当短的时间内理解长难句并准确完整地翻译;理解某些短语和单词确切含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法,使
44、译文准确完整,而且符合目标语的语言习惯。 基本素质采分点 下列单词或短语是基础知识点,包括某些专门用语、具有中国特色的表达、专有名词等,是应试者正确理解并翻译的关键。 1国务院 the State Council 2新闻办 the Information Office 3开幕式 the opening ceremony 4太平洋 the Pacific Ocean 5世界的和平和发展 peace and development the world over 6两国之间的了解 mutual understanding between the two countries 7两国关系的基石 the
45、foundation stone ofbilateral relationship 结构理解采分点 以下各句是本文出现的长难句,需要应试者在短时间内,判断其结构、大意并组织语言,且保证信息的完整和准确。这要求在听时,应试者应注意长句的基本结构,把中文的长句转化为复合英文表达的结构,要求应试者不仅能用符合目 标语言的习惯方式表述信息,而且要保证信息在表述过程中不会缺失或误译。 1中国国务院新闻办主任赵启正在开幕式上说,中美两国是两个伟大的国家, 原句中文句子结构较长,部分句子结构分析如下:1)主干结构是(主语)赵启正+(谓语)说+宾语从句;2)宾语从句的主干是(主语)中美两国+(谓 语)说+表语
46、;3)在开幕式上做地点状语。翻译该句时应采用顺译法,按 照英文表达习惯,将宾语从句译出。参考译文为:Minister Zhao Qizheng of the State Council Informarion Office said at the opening ceremonyChina and the U.S.are two great nations 2它们之间的关系不仅对本国十分重要,而且对世界的和平和发展也十分重要。 原句句子结构分析如下:主干结构是(主语)关系+(谓语)不仅/而且重要。翻译时可用衔接法,用关联词 not onlybut also,把两个并列成分衔接起来。参考译文为:
47、and their relationship is not only highly important to the two countries, but also to peace and development theworld over 31972 年尼克松总统第一次访问中国时说,对美国人民来说,远隔太平洋的中 国是一个遥远而神秘的国度。 原句句子结构分析如下:1)句子主干是(主语)总统+(谓语)说+(宾语从句);2)宾语从句的主干是(主语)中国+(谓语)是+(表语)国度。翻译时可用顺译法,用介词短语来表达时间状语、地点状语,并适当调整句 序,使译文符合英文表达习惯。参考译文为:During his first Visit to China in 1972President Nixon said that to theAmerican people China was a remote and mysteri-ous country on the other side of the Pacinc O