1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试模拟 21及答案解析(总分：-16.98，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1 LISTENING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Spot Dictatio(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other 1 . People have generally viewed personal growth as 2 that can easily be 3 . The worker who gets a promotion, th
2、e student 4 , the foreigner who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have 5 for their efforts. By contrast, the process of personal growth is 6 , since by definition it is a journey and not the 7 along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and fe
3、elings people have, 8 , as they encounter new experiences and 9 . In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, 10 , new challenges to accept. In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have 11 , to confront the unknown, and to accept t
4、he possibility 12 . How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we 13 ? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more 14 . Do we think we“re 15 ? Then our 16 can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know 17 . Do
5、 we think we“re slow to adapt to change or that we“re not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to 18 or not try at all. These feelings of 19 are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, i
6、f we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become 20 of our own making. （分数：-1.00）三、Part B Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Questions 1 to 5 are(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）A.An AIDS patient.B.A nurse assistant.C.A nurse advisor.D.A physician on AIDS ward.A.He is worried about failing his
7、supervisor and losing his job.B.He is worried about being infected with HIV.C.He is worried about knowing someone infected with HIV.D.He is worried about hurting AIDS patients“ feelings.A.It“s important not to isolate AIDS patients.B.It“s important to completely isolate AIDS patients.C.It“s importan
8、t to carefully watch AIDS patients.D.It“s important to wear protective clothing when serving lunch.A.Through breathing the air next to an AIDS patient.B.Through sharing a glass of water with an AIDS patient.C.Through sharing bodily fluids with an AIDS patient.D.Though giving blood to an AIDS patient
9、.A.They get cured sometimes.B.They become very sad.C.Sometimes they can return to their normal life.D.All of them can live for a long time after treatment.五、Questions 6 to 10 ar(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）A.Smoking cigarette causes breast cancer among women.B.Alcoholic consumption may lead to more cas
10、es of breast cancer among women.C.150,000 women suffer the disease of breast cancer in Britain.D.Alcoholic consumption causes more than 15 types of diseases.A.It blew up on its way from France to the reprocessing plant in Germany.B.It was found to be highly radioactive and dangerous to the environme
11、nt.C.Its entrance into France was blocked by some protesters.D.It ran down and killed the two protesters who attempted to stop the train.A.Their asset value depreciated by a quarter.B.They think Prime Minister Koizumi should do a better job in economy.C.They believe the Japanese economy is very stab
12、le and healthy.D.They lose some confidence and believe its credit rating should be downgraded.A.It“s larger than Time Warner, as measured by its value of shares.B.It received some financial support from benefactor at the very beginning.C.Investors are confident that it is much more valuable than Tim
13、e Warner.D.It has been growing at an amazing speed for quite a long time.A.The Dutch people will delay their referendum on the EU constitution.B.The Dutch government believes that it is not wise to follow the French government in vetoing the EU constitution.C.The Dutch people will vote against the E
14、U constitution in the referendum.D.It will serve as the political basis to unite the European continent.六、Questions 11 to 15 a(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）A.Because even when people hear the word “dog“, they may have different associations.B.Because we may communicate with each other through language,
15、but sometimes we do not understand someone else“ s words and symbols.C.Because words and concepts have personal meanings based on each user“s memories and experiences.D.Because while languages help people understand each other, different languages also present difficulties.A.The student has a violen
16、t dog named Steve King.B.There are 5 million different public languages in the world.C.Every person may have his/her own private language.D.A red rose reminds everybody of romance or a lovely summer.A.People learn language only by imitation and association.B.Language is a wonderful way of communicat
17、ing our ideas to other people.C.Children learn words by themselves, but learn how to make requests, to agree or disagree, even to lie from others.D.Children are natural born learners of languages.A.bite.B.collage.C.deja-vu.D.croissant.A.The learning of another language can somehow change our views a
18、nd even personalities.B.English sometimes borrows words from other languages to express or thought or name a thing in a better way.C.The language we speak since our childhood determines the way we see the world.D.A language without words for anger, fear, or jealousy does not exist.七、Questions 16 to
19、20 a(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）(1). A.The report, as is mentioned in the talk, is the 10th in a series. B.The report is published jointly by the United Nations, the World Bank, the World Resources Institute and a private environmental research group. C.Nine countries, including Thailand and the Unite
20、d States, are studied by the report. D.The report urges changes in decision making for care of world“s natural resources.（分数：-0.20）A.B.C.D.A.It means governmental organizations and private research groups should work together to carry out environmental research.B.It means countries all over the worl
21、d should have strong laws providing citizens access to environmental information.C.It means rich and poor communities should have equal say on environmental issues.D.It means citizens, governments and businesses should be equally aware of what needs to be done.A.Non-governmental organizations can co
22、mmunicate very rapidly about environmental problems.B.Non-governmental organizations are capable of expressing views in environmental issues in a significant way.C.The process by which environmental problems are identified and addressed is changed.D.Non-governmental organizations get more opportunit
23、y to obtain environmental information.A.They are particularly vulnerable.B.They are less likely to have control over resources on which they depend.C.They are more willing to engage their governments on decisions that bear directly on environmental protection.D.They are more likely to resolve enviro
24、nmental problems and social justice.A.To raise more fund for the poor communities which need assistance on environmental issues.B.To stem the terrible tide of global poverty and environmental degradation.C.To improve citizen access to environmental information, decision-making and environmental just
25、ice.D.To study the degrading environmental situations all over the world.八、SECTION 2 READING TE(总题数：0，分数：0.00)We live, it is said, in a world of standardization: a place in which increasingly you can buy the same thingscappuccinos, food, cosmetics, fashionsin similar shops, in similar mails, in simi
26、lar cities. The heart laments this and hopes it isn“t really happening. The head, though, has to accept that it has advantages, for standardized products save time, reduce confusion, and may be cheaper and more predictable, especially when attached to a trusted brand. There is one market, however, i
27、n which hearts and heads alike are forcing things in a different direction: women“s clothing. There, the customer is queen, and she seems to prefer confusion. It is not the fashions themselves that are flouting standardization. It is the sizes in which they are sold. Once upon a time these were pred
28、ictable and numerological, even if the numbers used varied from country to country. It did not matter if a size 12 dress in Britain was called a 38 in Germany and a 44 in Italy, for a simple conversion chart would suffice. No longer. Increasingly, size is a matter of vanity not of measurement, for w
29、omen have, well, become larger in various ways. Not surprisingly, they would like to have their cake, eat it, and stay exactly the same dress size. Some clothing firms have accommodated such delusional desires by sticking to the same sizing numbers but making the clothes larger. Others have resorted
30、 to therapeutic wordspetite, regular, “missy“. In America, it is even possible to buy women“s clothes in size 0; presumably negative sizing cannot be far behind. Men are, of course, going through the same dimensional change. They are not, however, encountering, or inviting, the same confusion. Occas
31、ionally it may be hard to work out what exactly is meant by “medium“ or “extra large“, but mainly real measurements still rule. This may be because men have another option: for suit-wearers the best trick is to buy not the right new size but a size too big, for then the suit looks loose and people m
32、ay be fooled into thinking you are getting slimmer, not fatter. Or perhaps their vanity is of a more primitive sort. A (possibly apocryphal) story about Winston Churchill has the great man recommending that among aid shipments sent during the second world war should be packages of British condoms, a
33、ll large size but labeled “small“. But for women, meanwhile, shopping is becoming harder: more things must be tried on, taking more time, and buying online is a poor option. Central planners, ignoring the fact that this is the result of expressed female preferences, would want standardization reimpo
34、sed. Here“s an alternative suggestion for our freer era: clothing firms could agree a standard sizing to be put on some sort of bar code or tag. Then those who want speed and clarity could buy (or be given) an electronic reader to find out the easily comparable truth. Those who would rather fool the
35、mselves can continue to do so by reading the written labels. Such are the workings of invisible hands.（分数：-1.00）(1).Which of the following topics is mainly discussed in the passage?（分数：-0.20）A.World Standardization OrganizationB.some new development in women“s clothesC.standardization in various asp
36、ects of social lifeD.the dynamics of free market economy in the world of fashion(2).Which of the following best explains the sentence “Increasingly, size is a matter of vanity not of measurement“ in Paragraph 2?（分数：-0.20）A.Women are proud of getting larger in size.B.Women are eager to have their siz
37、es precisely measured.C.Women feel good when their sizes are measured smaller.D.Women“s vanity cannot be measured correctly.(3).Which of the following is NOT implied in the sentences “Men are, of course, going through the same dimensional change. They are not, however, encountering, or inviting, the
38、 same confusion“?（分数：-0.20）A.Some confusion in measurement is caused and preferred by women themselves.B.Men never meet any confusion in clothing.C.Men“s problems in clothing are different from women“s.D.There“s also some change in the size measurement of men“s clothes.(4).Which of the following is
39、closest in meaning to the word “flout“ in Paragraph 2?（分数：-0.20）A.establishB.embraceC.flirtD.scorn(5).According to the passage, all of the following statements are true except _.（分数：-0.20）A.Online purchasing is a good choice for women.B.Keeping the original system of size measurement unchanged is pr
40、eferred by women.C.The dual system combining standardization and customized labels is a good idea.D.It“s urgent that a uniform system of size measurement worldwide should be established immediately.Schools hit by this summer“s education funding crisis were forced to lay off 21,000 teachers and suppo
41、rt staff, a new study shows. Almost half the secondary schools surveyed and one in five primaries have increased class sizes as a result. The report, by Professor Alan Smithers and Dr Pamela Robinson from the University of Liverpool, shows the budget crisis is worse than thought. It also questions G
42、overnment claims that the number of “loser“ schools are in a minority, with an estimate that between 14,000 and 15,000 of the country“s 23,000 state schools suffered a budget cut in real terms. In all, 56 per cent of primary schools and 63 per cent of secondaries surveyed reported that this year“s b
43、udget was worse than last year. The funding cuts were the first since Labour came to power in 1997, pledging to make education a top priority. “The consequences for the majority of schools have been disastrous,“ Professor Smithers said. The report shows 8,800 teaching posts (5,502 in primary schools
44、 and 3,115 in secondaries) were cut along with 12,300 support staff. About 2,000 teachers were made redundant, compared with the 500 redundancies estimated by Prime Minister Tony Blair earlier in the summer. The report said some schools emerged as “winners“, taking on teachers. But the net reduction
45、 in teachers“ jobs was 4,537, putting the pressure on Labour“s election pledge to employ 10,000 extra teachers in its second term. Doug McAvoy, general secretary of the National Union of Teachers, which commissioned the research, said ministers were “deliberately underfunding schools“ so that heads
46、were forced to employ cheaper classroom assistants. The union is opposed to a national agreement on reducing teachers“ workload which allows classroom assistants to take control of lessons. “The impact on the pupils could be devastating,“ Mr. McAvoy said. “We don“t think this is happening by chance.
47、 It is a deliberate government policy.“ Professor Smithers said schools would struggle to avoid further redundancies, despite 800 million in funding pledged for the next two years. Many schools had slashed their reserves and could not protect teachers“ jobs. He said class sizes were “nudging upwards
48、“ as a result of the funding cuts, and over 40 per cent of secondary schools said more classes would be taken by teachers not trained in the relevant subject. Primary schools said that head teachers and senior staff would have to do more teaching. “Primary schools were often planning to reduce the t
49、eachers“ already very limited planning, preparation, marking and assessment time,“ the report said. Under the new teachers“ contract, however, they should be guaranteed 10 per cent of time away from the classroom by 2005. The report was based on a survey of 980 primary schools and 368 secondaries. The Department of Education has questioned the findings, saying the report “appears to have lost touch with reality“. “The scale of these figures, based on a very small sample, does not tally with assessments we have seen from other teachers unions,“ a spokesman said. Graham Lane, Labour
