1、英语翻译高级口译-11 及答案解析(总分：279.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSECTION 1 LISTE(总题数：1，分数：20.00)To develop a little the line of the poet Edmund Spenser, who in the sixteenth century wrote, “ Sweet Thames run softly, till I end my song“: it still runs softly enough but could never be called sweet in any gustatoryU (1) /U.
2、If its brown-black colorU (2) /Usound sufficient warning we could, but willU (3) /Urecalling the dreadful things that Thames oarsmen say a mere mouthful will do to anyoneU (4) /U. Probably Spenser was using the word “sweet“ in the sense of “dear“ rather than ofU (5) /U. Not necessarily though, for t
3、he river was still, a century after Spenser, clear enough forU (6) /Uto dive into it from the terraces of their waterside mansions. However, Spenser would probablyU (7) /Uto learn that today the river is chemically in better shape than it has been for many yearsa fact borne out by theU (8) /Uof fish
4、 now to be found, and angled for, in the reaches of Central London, that is, between,U (9) /U, Battersea and Tower Bridges.More important, perhaps, than itsU (10) /Uor opacity, the Thames is anU (11) /Uvantage point from which to see London,U (12) /Uhow the great machine works and how it has changed
5、. The river traffic was once brisker: engravings of the Thames around London BridgeU (13) /Udepict almost as many craft on the water as buildings on the bank. Traders and ferries plied up, down and across,U (14) /Uat the numerous water-steps and warehousesU (15) /U. For Romantics, seeking a location
6、 to sympathize with a mood, this is free; the river is aU (16) /Usource. By night the floodlighting of St. Pauls, the myriad bulbs on Chelsea Bridge,U (17) /Uthe black liquid ribbon that winds between them. By day there are a hundred visits to make the spiritU (18) /U, from Westminster to the Pool o
7、f London, and downstream to Greenwich. In a gender mood it is pleasant to move upstream, where the river seems narrower, and there imitate the mud-larks,U (19) /Uthe shore at Strand-on-the-Green or Isleworth; it is calmer here, andU (20) /Uducks seems almost to bring a whiff of the open countryside.
8、（分数：20.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BPart B Listenin(总题数：4，分数：20.00)BQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following talk./B（分数：5.00）A.(A) To sign trade agreements respectivel
9、y with France.B.(B) To send some war material to Vietnam.C.(C) To pull France out of its trouble in Indochina.D.(D) To give France strong moral support in Indochina.A.(A) Indochina was a complicated question .B.(B) Britain would try to fend a way to solve the Indochina question.C.(C) Britain could d
10、o nothing about Indochina as it was too far away from the UK.D.(D) Indochina was essentially a French problem.A.(A) The subject of playing golf.B.(B) The question of how to dance waltz gracefully.C.(C) The subject of body building by the young people in France.D.(D) The subject of literature.A.(A) H
11、is understanding on the subject was superficial.B.(B) He was prejudiced against translators.C.(C) He had a rather deep appreciation of this subject.D.(D) He really meant to say that one could not just translate literary works word for word.A.(A) Walters just didnt mind that he had made a mistake.B.(
12、B) Walters was very nervous about the possible consequences of his incorrect translation.C.(C) Walters immediately offered a sincere apology to Pidau.D.(D) Walters felt extremely embarrassed as Pidau also happened to be an author and was quite proud of his writings too.BQuestions 6 to 10 are based o
13、n the following fieces of news./B（分数：5.00）A.(A) U.S. government.B.(B) Washington.C.(C) National Assembly.D.(D) General Assembly.A.(A) $ 100 million.B.(B) $15 million.C.(C) $2 million.D.(D) $37 million.A.(A) Because the resolution is non-binding.B.(B) Because the sanctions are a bilateral issue.C.(C)
14、 Because Cuba asks for too much as compensation.D.(D) Because the European Union supported America.A.(A) 45.B.(B) 8.C.(C) 37.D.(D) 53.A.(A) Drug lords are attacking the police.B.(B) Drug lords are assassinating the government officials.C.(C) The government is sending suspected narcotics traffickers
15、to the United States for trial.D.(D) The government is clearing up drug lords.BQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following talk./B（分数：5.00）A.(A) At dawn.B.(B) At sunset.C.(C) In the middle of the day.D.(D) In the afternoon.A.(A) Lady Be Good was a wartime bomber and it was still in perfect conditi
16、on.B.(B) Lady Be Good was a wartime bomber and some of its parts were broken.C.(C) Lady Be Good was a wartime bomber and it was caught in a storm and had to land in the desert.D.(D) Lady Be Good was a wartime bomber and it was shot down in the desert.A.(A) Things can be well kept if it is hot and da
17、mp.B.(B) Nothing can be preserved in wet weather.C.(C) Things can be in good condition if it is hot and dry.D.(D) Nothing can be well preserved in a desert.A.(A) an aero-plane.B.(B) an illusion.C.(C) a large rock.D.(D) a truck.A.(A) They would help the crew to get out of the desert.B.(B) They would
18、help the crew to have radio contact.C.(C) They would help people to identify them.D.(D) They would help the engineers to know what had befallen them.BQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk./B（分数：5.00）A.(A) A controversial public-land policy.B.(B) How independence from Britain was won.C.(
19、C) The land holdings of Massachusetts.D.(D) How New Jersey developed its western land.A.(A) Ohio.B.(B) Illinois.C.(C) The Mississippi River.D.(D) The Appalachian Mountains.A.(A) North Carolina.B.(B) South Carolina.C.(C) Virginia.D.(D) Georgia.A.(A) To explain how one state strengthened its land clai
20、ms.B.(B) To criticize an effort to acquire additional resources.C.(C) To show that many explorers searched for new lands.D.(D) To question the validity of Virginias claims.A.(A) Collecting taxes.B.(B) Exporting crops.C.(C) Selling land.D.(D) Raising cattle.三、BSECTION 2 READI(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Biologica
21、l clocks are physiological systems that enable organisms to live in harmony with the rhythms of nature, such as the cycles of day and night and of the seasons. Such biological “timers“ exist for almost every kind of periodicity throughout the plant and animal world, but most of what is known about t
22、hem comes from the study of circadian, or daily, rhythms. Circadian rhythms cue typical daily behavior patterns even in the absence of external cues such as sunrise, demonstrating that such patterns depend on internal timers for their periodicity.No clock is perfect, however. When organisms are depr
23、ived of the hints the world normally provides, they display a characteristic “free-running“ period of not quite 24 hours. As a result, free-running animals drift slowly out of phase with the natural world. In experiments in which people are isolated for long periods of time, they continue to eat and
24、 sleep on regular, but increasingly out-of-phase. Such drift does not take place under normal circumstances, because external hints reset the clocks each day.Light, particularly bright fight, is believed to be the most powerful synchronizer of circadian rhythms. Recent studies on humans have shown t
25、hat the amount of artificial indoor fight to which people are exposed per day can resynchronize the bodys cycle of sleep and wakefulness. People can inadvertently reset their body clocks to an undesired cycle by such activities as shielding morning fight with shades and heavy curtains or by reading
26、in bed at night by bright lamp fight. Many organisms also make use of rhythmic variations in temperature or other sensory inputs to readjust their internal timers. When a clocks error becomes large, complete resetting sometimes requires days. This phenomenon is well known to long-distance air travel
27、ers as jet lag.Apparently, biological clocks can exist in every cell and even in different parts of a cell. Hence, an isolated piece of tissue removed from an organismfor example, the eye of a sea slugwill maintain its own daily rhythm but will quickly adopt that of the whole organism when restored
28、to it.In the brains of most animals, a master clock appears to exist that communicates its timing signals chemically to the rest of the organism. For example, a brain removed from a moth pupa and exposed to an artificial sunrise of one time zone, then implanted into the abdomen of a headless pupa on
29、 a different time zone schedule, will cause the second pupa to emerge at the time of day appropriate to the disconnected brain floating in its abdomen. The clock in the brain triggers the release of a hormone that switches on all the complex behavior involved in pupa emergence. In hamsters, experime
30、nts have shown a master biological clock to be located in the hypothalamus.Scientists believe that the biological clock in humans is located in the hypothalamus, the part of the brain that regulates such basic drives as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire. The biological clock itself is believed to be
31、 a cluster of nerve cells called the suprachiasmatic nucleus.（分数：8.00）(1).Biological docks cannot be found in_.（分数：2.00）A.(A) stonesB.(B) plantsC.(C) animalsD.(D) human beings(2).To reset a persons biological dock, the most effective way is the use of_.（分数：2.00）A.(A) free-runningB.(B) rewinding the
32、clockC.(C) lightD.(D) changing the temperature(3).The word “maintain“ in paragraph 4 means_.（分数：2.00）A.(A) keepB.(B) abandonC.(C) adoptD.(D) protect(4)._is not controlled by the hypothalamus.（分数：2.00）A.(A) Biological clockB.(B) HungerC.(C) ThirstD.(D) WritingWholly aside from aesthetic and moral con
33、siderations, fashion is an economic absurdity, and there is little to be said in its favor. Nevertheless, we can appreciate the wisdom in Gina Lombrosos belief that the enormous stress which women lay on everything pertaining to clothes and the art of personal adornment is connected with the tendenc
34、y to crystallize sentiment into an object. Woman symbolizes every important event in her life by a special dress; and a jewel or a beautiful gown means to a woman what an official decoration means to a man.“The temptation of dress is the last step in the ceremony to which the novice has to submit be
35、fore entering the cloister. The memory of the gown which she too might have worn was the strongest temptation that assailed St. Catherine before she took her solemn vowsa gown, embroidered with gold and stars, like those her sister had worn, which her grandchildren would have gazed at with eyes fill
36、ed with wonder and admirationIf a womans clothes cost the family and society a little time, money, and activity, they allow woman, independent of lies and calumnies, to triumph and come to the fore outside of mans world and competition. They allow woman to satisfy her desire to be the first in the m
37、ost varied fields by giving her the illusion that she is first, and at the same time enabling her rival to have the same illusion. Clothes absorb some of womans activity which might otherwise be diverted to more or less worth-while ends; they give woman real satisfactiona satisfaction complete in it
38、self, and independent of others, and they constitute a safety valve which saves society from much greater and more dangerous evils than those which they cause. “The aptness of these observations lies in the emphasis on clothes which are really beautiful and distinctive. But fashion is not primarily
39、concerned with beauty; and fashion connotes conformity, not the individuality so cherished by our society and so artfully suggested by the copywriters. Many people who rigorously follow fashions believe they are following their own inclinations; they are unaware of the primitive, tribal impulsion; a
40、nd this is true of fashions in manners, morals, and literature, as well as in clothes.（分数：12.00）(1).To a woman, a dress is_.（分数：2.00）A.(A) a symbol of an important event in her lifeB.(B) a sign to enable her to compete with manC.(C) as meaningful as official decoration is to a manD.(D) both A and C(
41、2).A womans clothes allow her to_.（分数：2.00）A.(A) triumph outside of mans worldB.(B) compete on an equal basis in a mans worldC.(C) become an sexual objectD.(D) deceive both men and women(3).Gina Lombroso believes that with regard to clothes and the art of personal adornment, women_.（分数：2.00）A.(A) ar
42、e individualisticB.(B) tend to crystallize sentiment into an objectC.(C) are not sentimentalD.(D) are really not fashion conscious(4).The author believes that fashion_.（分数：2.00）A.(A) is primarily concerned with beautyB.(B) is concerned only with the clothes that are beautiful and distinctive_.C.(C)
43、promotes individualityD.(D) promotes conformity(5).According to the passage, womens absorption in clothes_.（分数：2.00）A.(A) constitutes a great danger to societyB.(B) saves society from more dangerous evils than those it causesC.(C) is the only satisfaction a woman gets out of lifeD.(D) is a source of
44、 constant dissatisfaction to a woman(6).According to the author, women who follow fashions vigorously_.（分数：2.00）A.(A) are highly individualisticB.(B) follow their own inclinationsC.(C) obey a primitive, tribal impulseD.(D) are wealthy and beautifulThe Microsoft antitrust trial inched close to a fina
45、l ruling from U. S. District Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson on Tuesday, as the software vendor fried a brief refuting his contention that the company has a monopoly in PC operating systems. Microsoft also claimed that U. S. government prosecutors have not satisfied the burden of proof for any of thei
46、r antitrust claims. Microsoft made the arguments in its proposed conclusions of lawa document of more than 100 pagesfried with the court Tuesday stating the companys interpretation of how antitrust law should be applied to Jacksons findings of fact. The software giant said having an extremely popula
47、r productWindowsdoes not make it a monopolist. In his findings of fact issued November 5, 1999, Jackson said Microsoft “enjoys a monopoly“ in the personal computer market. A month later the government and 19 U. S. states alleged in their proposed conclusions of law that Microsoft engaged in illegal “monopoly maintenance“ to protect and extend Windows dominance and then tried to monopolize the Internet browser market.Microsoft refuted all those claims in its brief Tuesday, citing numerous cases and court findings over the past 30 years. The company said the case law d
