1、专业英语四级分类模拟200及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART DICTATION(总题数：1，分数：40.00)1.Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings,
2、 the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage
3、 on ANSWER SHEET ONE. （分数：40.00）_二、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、SECTION A TALK(总题数：1，分数：30.00)How Much Sleep Do We Need1. The result of lack of sleep Irritable, groggy and exceptionally 1 2. Experiment: Sleeping time: 8 hours Exhibited fewer attention lapses Sleeping time: 6 hours Reacted 2 to
4、 a drunk person Sleeping time: 4 hours Suffered 3 falling asleep 3. How to recover? Short-term sleep deprivation Several nights of 4 sleep Weeks-to-months sleep deprivation Require 5 time to recovery Months-to-years sleep deprivation Recovering time is 6 4. How much sleep do we need? Ideal time 7 ho
5、urs in average Sleep less than 7 hours Heart disease, 8 and diabetes 9 higher risk of death Sleep more than 8 hours Heart disease, obesity and diabetes 30% increase risk of mortality 10 play a role in variation of the sleeping time needed （分数：30.00）四、SECTION B CONVERSATI(总题数：2，分数：30.00)（分数：15.00）A.H
6、e enjoys drinking coffee very much.B.He doesnt drink coffee often.C.He thinks drinking coffee is bad for health.D.He only likes to drink certain style of coffee.A.Brazil.B.Egypt.C.Finland.D.Italy.A.She is a coffee addict.B.She doesnt like the taste and smell of the coffee.C.She drinks coffee but not
7、 very much.D.She doesnt drink coffee at all.A.It makes people alert.B.It gives people headaches.C.It makes people sleepy.D.It contains nutrition.A.Insomnia.B.Indigestion.C.High blood pressure.D.Obesity.（分数：15.00）A.Because the train is very fast.B.Because the service on the train is good.C.Because he
8、 felt comfortable and enjoyed the views.D.Because the price of the ticket is reasonable.A.Easing the traffic pressure.B.Reducing air pollution.C.Saving time.D.Offering more services.A.France.B.Spain.C.China.D.Japan.A.The middle and north of England.B.The middle of England.C.The north of England.D.Th
9、e south of England.A.HS2 will be built very soon.B.Everyone agrees with the HS2 plan.C.HS2 plan is perfect.D.There will be a long time before HS2 is built.专业英语四级分类模拟200答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART DICTATION(总题数：1，分数：40.00)1.Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to
10、you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed a
11、gain and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE. （分数：40.00）_正确答案：()解析：听力原文 SalmonEvery year millions of Salmon swim from the ocean into the mouths of rivers and then steadil
12、y up the rivers. / Passing through waters, around rocks and waterfalls, / the fish finally reach their original streams or lakes, / They dig out nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs. / Months, or years later, the young fish start their trip to the ocean. / They live in the salt water from 2 to 7
13、 years / until they too are ready to swim back to reproduce. / Their life cycle helps man provide himself with a basic food, fish.二、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、SECTION A TALK(总题数：1，分数：30.00)How Much Sleep Do We Need1. The result of lack of sleep Irritable, groggy and exceptionally 1 2. Experi
14、ment: Sleeping time: 8 hours Exhibited fewer attention lapses Sleeping time: 6 hours Reacted 2 to a drunk person Sleeping time: 4 hours Suffered 3 falling asleep 3. How to recover? Short-term sleep deprivation Several nights of 4 sleep Weeks-to-months sleep deprivation Require 5 time to recovery Mon
15、ths-to-years sleep deprivation Recovering time is 6 4. How much sleep do we need? Ideal time 7 hours in average Sleep less than 7 hours Heart disease, 8 and diabetes 9 higher risk of death Sleep more than 8 hours Heart disease, obesity and diabetes 30% increase risk of mortality 10 play a role in va
16、riation of the sleeping time needed （分数：30.00）解析：lazy 听力原文 How Much Sleep Do We NeedToday, we are going to talk about how much sleep we need. Tired? We all know the feeling. Irritable, groggy and exceptionally lazy. Chances are, you didnt sleep enough last night, or the past few nights. But, what ex
17、actly is enough sleep? And more importantly, can you ever catch up on it? Well, the very function of sleep is still debated by scientists. We do know that it is necessary to function efficiently and productively. After all, we spend 24 years of our lifetime sleeping, so itd better be important. Rese
18、archers have tested how much is required each night by assigning groups of people to 4, 6 and 8 hours of sleep over extended periods of time. After 14. days, those people with 8 hours of sleep exhibited fewer attention lapses or cognitive issues. However, those with 6 or 4 hours of sleep showed a st
19、eady decline. In fact, after only 2 weeks, the 6-hour group showed a similar reaction time to a person with the blood alcohol concentration of 0.11% which is considered legally drunk. The 4-hour sleepers suffered even more occasionally falling asleep during their cognitive tests. In both groups, bra
20、in functions decrease day by day, almost linearly , with no sign of leveling off , and scientists have dubbed this cumulative effect as sleep Dept. So, can we recover from it? After a night or two of little sleep, the study shows that the body and brain can fully recover with a few nights of good sl
21、eep. However, with long-term sleep deprivation on the scale of weeks to months, the recovery of cognitive function is much slower, requiring many more nights of quality sleep. On the time scale of months to years, its unknown whether brain function could be fully repaired, or if it causes permanent
22、damage, paradoxically , with chronic sleep deprivation. Your sleepiness or how tired you feel does eventually level off, meaning that you become less and less aware of your objective impairment over time. So, how long should you sleep? Most studies tend to show that 7-8 hours of sleep is average ide
23、al for humans. Apart from the cognitive issues, individuals who consistently sleep less than 7 hours a night have an increased risk of heart disease, obesity and diabetes, not to mention a 12%higher risk of death. On the flip side , studies have shown that while sleeping more than 8 hours does not i
24、mpair brain function, it also carries an increased risk of heart disease, obesity and diabetes, and a 30% increase risk of mortality. So, too much sleep may also be a bad thing. But variation most certainly exists, and our genes play a large role . In fact, individuals genuinely unaffected by only 6
25、 hours of sleep were found to have a mutation of a specific gene. When scientists genetically engineered mice to express this gene, they were able to stay awake for an extra of 1.2 hours than normal mice. It turns out these short-time sleepers have more biologically intense sleep sessions than an av
26、erage person. 考点 本题出题点在讲座开头的并列信息处。 解析 从题干处的标题The result of lack of sleep可知，此处考查的是缺乏睡眠导致的结果。讲座中提到Irritable, groggy and exceptionally lazy. Chances are, you didnt sleep enough last night, or the past few nights. 故得答案lazy。解析：similarly 考点 本题出题点在对比处。 解析 从题干标题Experiment可知，此处考查的内容与实验有关。再根据题干处的Sleeping time
27、: 6 hours可知，此处是针对睡眠时长为6小时的人的实验结果，讲座中提到the 6-hour group showed a similar reaction time to a person with the blood alcohol concentration of 0.11% which is considered legally drunk. (睡眠时长为6小时的这一小组里的人，与达到法定醉酒标准血液酒精浓度为0.11%的人反应时间相似。)可知，睡了6个小时的人与醉酒的人反应相似，故得答案similarly。解析：even more occasionally 考点 本题出题点在数字
28、信息处。 解析 此处考查的信息仍然与实验有关。根据题干处的Sleeping time: 4 hours可知，此处说的是针对睡眠时长为4小时的人的实验结果，讲座中提到The 4-hour sleepers suffered even more occasionally falling asleep during their cognitive tests. (睡眠时长为4小时的人在认知测试中偶尔会睡着的次数甚至更多。)故得答案even more occasionally。解析：good/sound/quality 考点 本题出题点在重要信息处(the study shows)。 解析 从题干处的
29、标题How to recover?可知，讲座第三部分主要讲的是如何从睡眠不足的情况恢复身体健康。根据题干上方的short-term sleep deprivation可知，此处是指短期睡眠不足的人的恢复方法，讲座中提到the study shows that the body and brain can fully recover with a few nights of good sleep. 可知，人们需要连续睡几晚好觉才能恢复，故得答案good或sound或quality。解析：longer 考点 本题出题点在转折处(However)。 解析 此处还是讲如何从睡眠不足中恢复的问题。根据题
30、干上方的Weeks-to-months sleep deprivation可知，此处是睡眠不足达几周或几个月的人的恢复方法，讲座中提到However, with long-term sleep deprivation on the scale of weeks to months, the recovery of cognitive function is much slower, requiring many more nights of quality sleep. (然而，睡眠不足达几周到几个月的人，认知功能的恢复要慢得多，需要多睡几晚好觉。)从这句话可以了解到这类人需要更长的时间来恢复
31、，故得答案longer。解析：unknown 考点 本题出题点在否定处(its unknown whether)。 解析 此处仍然考查如何恢复认知功能的问题。根据题干上方的Months-to-years sleep deprivation可知，此处是睡眠不足达几个月到几年的人的恢复方法，讲座中提到On the time scale of months to years, its unknown whether brain function could be fully repaired(睡眠不足达几个月到几年的人，大脑功能是否能完全得到修复尚不可知)，故得答案unknown。解析：7-8 考点
32、 本题出题点在重要细节(Most studies lend to show that)和数字信息处 解析 从题干处的大标题How much sleep do we need?可知，此处考查人们需要的睡眠时长。根据题干上方的Ideal time可知，此处是指理想的睡眠时长，讲座中提到Most studies tend to show that 7-8 hours of sleep is average ideal for humans. 故得答案7-8。解析：obesity 考点 本题出题点在重要细节处。 解析 本题还是与睡眠时长有关，根据题干上方的Sleep less than 7 hours
33、可知，此处考查的是睡眠时长少于7小时可能造成的影响。讲座中提到individuals who consistently sleep less than 7 hours a night have an increased risk of heart disease, obesity and diabetes. 故得答案obesity。解析：12% 考点 本题出题点在数字信息处。 解析 本题仍然考查睡眠时长少于7个小时的危害。空格后是higher risk of death(更高的死亡风险)，讲座中提到not to mention a 12% higher risk of death。故得答案12
34、%。解析：Genes 考点 本题出题点在转折处(But)。 解析 题干为： -|_|-对人们所需睡眠时长的不同起了作用。讲座中提到But variation most certainly exists, and our genes play a large role. 故得答案Genes。四、SECTION B CONVERSATI(总题数：2，分数：30.00)（分数：15.00）A.He enjoys drinking coffee very much.B.He doesnt drink coffee often.C.He thinks drinking coffee is bad for
35、 health.D.He only likes to drink certain style of coffee.解析：听力原文 W: Hi, Paul. You seem to be enjoying that cup of coffee. M: Yes, indeed. I love all kinds of coffee. I am a coffee addict. W: An addict. Thats someone who likes doing a particular activity very much and cant stop doing it. And if you h
36、ave a strong need to keep drinking coffee then we could say you have an addiction. M: Thats me! Do you know people of which country drink the most coffee per person? W: Finland? M: You are right! The people of Finland consume an incredible 12 kilograms of coffee per person every year. By the way, do
37、 you drink coffee? W: Oh, I do, but only in moderation . I love the taste and the smell especiallywe could call that the aroma but its the caffeine contained in the drink that can have a bad effect. If I drink too much, it can give me headaches. M: Right. Well, for me, its the caffeine that keeps me
38、 awake. It makes me more alertthats why we call caffeine a stimulant. Caffeine can also be found in energy and cola drinks and even in tea. W: The magazine New Scientist says caffeine is a psychoactive drug and that 90% of people in the United States consume it every day. M: Psychoactive drugso what
39、 does that mean? W: Its a drug that affects how people feel and sometimes how they behave. The drug can be found in food like waffles and chewing gum , surprisinglynot just in drinks. M: Thats why scientists who study public health are worried people dont know how much caffeine they are taking. W: I
40、ndeed. Too much caffeine can lead to insomnia . M: So thats why I cant sleep well sometimes. W: And indigestion. M: No wonder theres a pain in my stomach occasionally. W: And finally, high blood pressure. M: So that means blood flowing around my body at a higher pressure than normal level. Thats dan
41、gerous. But if I try to give up drinking coffee, Ill also get headaches and feel tired. W: And these are what we call withdrawal symptoms the nasty physical and mental effects of stopping. M: But many people around just love coffee. They like the fragrance of it and insist that a cup of coffee every
42、 day is useful for our health. W: So there seem to be some good effects and some bad effects of drinking coffee. The point is we should drink coffee moderately. M: Youre right. How does the man like coffee? 考点 本题出题点在对话开头的观点强调处(I love all)。 解析 题目问：男士觉得咖啡怎么样?对话中男士说，他喜欢各种类型的咖啡，可以算是咖啡迷，可以看出男士是非常喜欢喝咖啡的，故
43、得答案A。A.Brazil.B.Egypt.C.Finland.D.Italy.解析：听力原文 Which countrys people drink the most coffee per person? 考点 本题出题点在对话中的问答处。 解析 对话中男士问女士：“你知道人均喝咖啡最多的是哪个国家吗?”女士猜测是芬兰，男士表示女士回答正确，故本题选C。A.She is a coffee addict.B.She doesnt like the taste and smell of the coffee.C.She drinks coffee but not very much.D.She
44、doesnt drink coffee at all.解析：听力原文 How does the woman like drinking coffee? 考点 本题出题点在对话转折处(but)。 解析 对话中男士问女士是否喝咖啡，女士说：“Oh, I do, but only in moderation. ”(嗯，我喝咖啡，但是只是适量地喝。)in moderation表示“适度，有节制”，故本题选C。A.It makes people alert.B.It gives people headaches.C.It makes people sleepy.D.It contains nutriti
45、on.解析：听力原文 According to the man, what does stimulant do? 考点 本题出题点在强调处(its the caffeine that)。 解析 题目问：据男士所言，刺激物有什么作用?对话中男士说：“Well, for me, its the caffeine that keeps me awake. It makes me more alertthats why we call caffeine a stimulant. ”可见咖啡因使他清醒，男士总结说：“这就是为什么我们把咖啡因称为刺激物。”所以可以推断出男士认为刺激物可以使人清醒，故得答案
46、A。A.Insomnia.B.Indigestion.C.High blood pressure.D.Obesity.解析：听力原文 According to the conversation, which is NOT a syndrome that too much caffeine may lead to? 考点 本题出题点在结果处(lead to )。 解析 女士列举了过多的咖啡因可能会导致的症状，包括insomnia(失眠)，indigestion(消化不良)，high blood pressure(高血压)，并没有提到obesity(甩脱症)，故选D。（分数：15.00）A.Because the train is very fast.B.Because the service on the train is good.C.Because he felt comfortable and enjoyed the views.D.Because the price of the ticket is reasonable.解析：听力原文 M: Hi, Demi. W: Hi, Adam. M: Do you travel a lot? W: Yes. My job involves a lot of travelling. M: Do you know
