1、Specification for Marine Drilling Riser EquipmentAPI SPECIFICATION 16FFIRST EDITION, AUGUST 2004EFFECTIVE DATE: FEBRUARY 1, 2005REAFFIRMED, AUGUST 2010ADDENDUM 1, SEPTEMBER 2014ADDENDUM 2, NOVEMBER 2014Specification for Marine Drilling Riser EquipmentUpstream SegmentAPI SPECIFICATION 16FFIRST EDITIO
2、N, AUGUST 2004EFFECTIVE DATE: FEBRUARY 1, 2005REAFFIRMED, AUGUST 2010ADDENDUM 1, SEPTEMBER 2014ADDENDUM 2, NOVEMBER 2014SPECIAL NOTESAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to partic-ular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be
3、reviewed.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers towarn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning healthand safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations under local, state, or fed-eral laws.Information
4、concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to par-ticular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer orsupplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting
5、 any right, byimplication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or prod-uct covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be con-strued as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Generally, API standar
6、ds are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at leastevery five years. Sometimes a one-time extension of up to two years will be added to thisreview cycle. This publication will no longer be in effect five years after its publication dateas an operative API standard or, where an extension h
7、as been granted, upon republication.Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards department telephone(202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications, programs and services is published annuallyand updated biannually by API, and available through Global Engineering Documents, 15I
8、nverness Way East, M/S C303B, Englewood, CO 80112-5776. This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropri-ate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an APIstandard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of
9、this standard or com-ments and questions concerning the procedures under which this standard was developedshould be directed in writing to the Director of the Standards department, American Petro-leum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission toreproduce or tran
10、slate all or any part of the material published herein should be addressed tothe Director, Business Services.API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineer-ing and operating practices. These standards are not intended to obviate the need for apply-ing soun
11、d engineering judgment regarding when and where these standards should beutilized. The formulation and publication of API standards is not intended in any way toinhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the markingrequirements o
12、f an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicablerequirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such prod-ucts do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a ret
13、rieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.Copyright 2004 American Petroleum InstituteFOREW
14、ORDThis publication is under jurisdiction of the API Subcommittee on Drilling Well ControlSystems. This specification was formulated to serve as an aid to procurement of standard-ized equipment and materials as well as provide instructions to designers and manufacturersof marine drilling riser equip
15、ment. It identifies requirements for design, materials, process-ing and testing of standardized equipment.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made bythe Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, theInstitute m
16、akes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publicationand hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resultingfrom its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which thispublication may conflict.This s
17、tandard shall become effective on the date printed on the cover but may be used vol-untarily from the date of distribution.iiiCONTENTSPage1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.1 Purpose. . . . . . . .
18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.2 Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 NORMATIVE REFERENCES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 COMPONENTS OF A MARINE DRILLING RISER SYSTEM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64.2 Functions of Marine Drilling Riser System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64.3 System Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64.4 Tensioner Equ
21、ipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74.5 Riser Spider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74.6 Surface Diverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84.7 Flex/Ball Joint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84.8 Telescopic Joint and Tensioner Ring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84.9 Riser
23、 Joints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84.10 Choke, Kill and Auxiliary Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84.11 Lower Riser Adapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84.12 Lower Marine Riser Package (LMRP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84.13 Buoyancy Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94.14 Riser Pup Join
25、ts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94.15 Riser Handling Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94.16 Special Marine Drilling Riser Components . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95 DESIGN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
27、.2 Service Classifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95.3 Riser Loading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115.4 Determination of Stresses by Analysis . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115.5 Stress Distribution Verification Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115.6 Riser Design Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125.7 Design fo
29、r Static Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125.8 Design of Lifting Attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125.9 Design Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136 MATERIALS AND WELDING REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136.2 Materials Selection. . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136.3 Written Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136.4 Metallic Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、 . . . . . . .146.5 Chemical Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146.6 Mechanical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146.7 Qualification Test Coupons (QTC) . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156.8 Mechanical Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156.9 Materials for Low-temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .166.10 Materia
34、ls to Resist Sulfide Stress Cracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .166.11 Manufacturing Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16vPage6.12 Heat Treating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176.13 Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177 RISER TENSIONER EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187.1 General . . . .
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187.2 Service Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197.3 Tension Versus Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197.4 Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197.5 Design Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、197.6 Tensioner Foundations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207.7 Operational Controls and Monitoring Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207.8 Temperature Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207.9 Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207.10 Failure Control Provisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217.11 Marking . . .
40、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218 FLEX/BALL JOINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218.1 Service Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218.2 Load/Deflection Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218.3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218.4
42、Material Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .228.5 Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .228.6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .228.7 Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229 CHOKE, KILL AND AUXILIARY LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
44、9.1 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239.2 Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239.3 Welding and Quality Process Control . .
45、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2310 DRAPE HOSES AND JUMPER LINES FOR FLEX/BALL JOINTS. . . . . . . . . . . . .2310.1 Service Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2310.2 Design . . . . . . . . . . . .
46、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2310.3 Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2411 TELESCOPIC JOINT (SLIP JOINT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47、. . . . . . . . . . . . . .2411.1 Service Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2411.2 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2411.3 Materials. . . .
48、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2511.4 Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2511.5 Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2511.6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2511.7 Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2612 RISER JOINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2612.1 Service Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2612.2 Design . . . . . . . . . .
