1、 for Machine Tools Safety Requirements for Gear and Spline Cutting Machines American National Standards Institute www.ansi.orgANSI B11.11 2001(R07) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS By approving this American National Standard, the ANSI Board of Standards Review confirms that the requirements for due proc
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15、ributable to AMT and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or
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17、obal Standards, provides a central point to search for standards information from worldwide sources and can connect those who seek standards to those who supply them. Published by: AMT The Association For Manufacturing Technology 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, VA 221024269, USA Copyright 2002 by the A
18、ssociation For Manufacturing Technology All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.112001
19、 (R07) iii ANSI B11.112001 (R2007) American National Standard for Machine Tools Safety Requirements for Gear and Spline Cutting Machines Secretariat and Accredited Standards Developer: AMT - The Association For Manufacturing Technology 7901 Westpark Drive McLean, VA 22102 Approved: DECEMBER 21, 2001
20、 Reaffirmed: June 8, 2007 American National Standards Institute, Inc. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.112001 ivContents Page FOREWORDVI EXPLANATION OF THE FORMAT OF THE STANDARD.VIII INTRODUCTIONIX 1 SCOPE .1 1.1 EXCLUSIONS 1 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES 1 3 DEFINITIONS.3 4 RESPONSIBILITY7 4.1 SUPPLIERS RE
21、SPONSIBILITY .7 4.2 USERS RESPONSIBILITY.9 4.3 PERSONNEL RESPONSIBILITY 11 5 HAZARD CONTROL12 5.1 TASK AND HAZARD IDENTIFICATION12 5.2 RISK ASSESSMENT / RISK REDUCTION STRATEGY13 6 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION.14 6.1 GENERAL.14 6.2 COMPONENT SELECTION.14 6.3 MACHINE CONTROLS.14 6.4 DESCRIPTION OF MODES O
22、F OPERATION 14 6.5 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT .15 6.6 HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS.15 6.7 EXTERNAL POWER SOURCES.17 6.8 STORED ENERGY18 6.9 EXTERNAL INTERFERENCES 18 6.10 PERFORMANCE OF THE SAFETY-RELATED FUNCTION(S) .18 6.11 MACHINE STARTING.18 6.12 STOP AND EMERGENCY STOP CONTROLS19 6.13 OPERATOR CON
23、TROL STATIONS .20 6.14 MANUALLY OPERATED CONTROL DEVICES.20 6.15 INDICATORS 22 6.16 ANTI-MOTION MECHANISMS OR COUNTERBALANCE ON SLIDE MECHANISMS .23 6.17 POWER-OPERATED WORKHOLDING.24 6.18 COOLANT SYSTEMS .24 6.19 TOOL RETENTION 26 6.20 ELIMINATION OF, OR PROTECTION FROM, INHERENT HAZARDS26 6.21 SAF
24、EGUARDING.27 6.22 ACCESS TO MACHINE PARTS 32 6.23 STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY32 6.24 NOISE.32 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.112001 v 6.25 ERGONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS.33 6.26 ENERGY SUPPLY FAILURES 33 6.27 ERRORS OF FITTING 33 6.28 LIFTING OF MACHINE COMPONENTS 33 7 LAYOUT, INSTALLATION, TESTING AND START-UP
25、34 7.1 GENERAL.34 7.2 LAYOUT AND INSTALLATION .34 7.3 TESTING AND START-UP35 8 SAFEGUARDING 35 8.1 GENERAL.35 8.2 GUARDS 36 8.3 SAFEGUARDING DEVICES 37 8.4 AWARENESS BARRIERS AND DEVICES 37 8.5 SAFEGUARDING AGAINST SPECIFIC HAZARDS .37 8.6 SAFE WORK PROCEDURES 39 8.7 PERFORMANCE OF THE SAFETYRELATED
26、 FUNCTION(S)40 9 SETUP, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE .41 9.1 GENERAL.41 9.2 MACHINE SETUP PROCEDURES41 9.3 SAFEGUARDING41 9.4 MAINTENANCE43 9.5 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT44 9.6 TRAINING .44 9.7 SUPERVISION .45 9.8 INITIATION OF NORMAL OPERATION 45 Annex A Figures .46 (Informative)Error! Bookmark not
27、 defined. Annex B - List of hazards and hazardous situations50 Annex C Performance of the safety-related function(s) 53 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.112001 vi Foreword (This foreword is not part of the requirements of American National Standard B11.11 - 2001) The primary objective of this standard
28、 is to eliminate or control hazards to personnel associated with gear and spline cutting machines by establishing requirements for the construction, operation and maintenance of these machines. To accomplish this objective, responsibilities have been assigned to the supplier (e.g., manufacturer, reb
29、uilder, modifier, installer, integrator), the user, and personnel in the working environment. The words “safe“ and “safety“ are not absolutes. Safety begins with good design. While the goal of this standard is to eliminate injuries, it is recognized that risk factors cannot be practically reduced to
30、 zero in any human activity. This standard is not intended to replace good judgment and personal responsibility. Operator skill, attitude, training, job monotony, fatigue and experience are safety factors that must be considered by the user. Manual turning machines and associated equipment technolog
31、ies are continuously evolving. This standard is reflective of the most commonly used and time-tested state of the art at the time of its approval. The inclusion or omission of language relative to any evolving technology, either in the requirements or explanatory areas of this standard, in no way in
32、fers acceptance or rejection of such technologies. Inquiries with respect to the application or the substantive requirements of this standard, and suggestions for its improvement, are welcomed and should be sent to the AMT The Association For Manufacturing Technology, 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, Vi
33、rginia 22102-4206, Attention: B11 Secretariat. This standard was prepared by the B11.6 Subcommittee, processed and submitted for ANSI approval by the B11 Accredited Standards Committee on Safety Standards for Machine Tools. Committee approval of this standard does not necessarily imply that all comm
34、ittee members voted for its approval. At the time this standard was approved as an American National Standard, the ANSI B11 Accredited Standards Committee was composed of the following member organizations: John W. Russell, PE, CSP Chairman Gary D. Kopps, Vice-Chairman David A. Felinski, Secretary O
35、rganizations Represented Name of Representative(s) Delegate Alternate Aerospace Industries Association of America Willard Wood Robert Eaker Alliance of American Insurers John Russell, PE, CSP Keith Lessner Aluminum Extruders Council Jeff Dziki Martin Bidwell American Insurance Service Group Henry S.
36、 Pankiw Paul Frenier American Institute of Steel Construction Thomas Schlafly American Society of Safety Engineers Bruce Main, PE, CSP George Karosas, PE, CSP AMT The Association For Manufacturing Technology Russell Bensman Can Manufacturers Institute Ord L. Campbell Deere and Company Gary D. Kopps
37、Kent D. Johnson Forging Industry Association John W. Commet Karen Taylor General Motors Corporation Michael Taubitz Graphic no deviation is permitted. The term “SHOULD” denotes a recommendation, a practice or condition among several alternatives, or a preferred method or course of action. Similarly,
38、 the term “CAN” denotes a possibility, ability or capability, whether physical or causal, and the term “MAY” denotes a permissible course of action within the limits of the standard. By convention, the B11 standards do not use the term “and/or” but instead, the term “OR” is used as an inclusive disj
39、unction, meaning one or the other or both. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to AMT-The Association For Manufacturing Technology, 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, VA 22102 - Attention: B11 Secretariat. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.112001 ixIntroduction T
40、he primary purpose of every machine tool is to process parts. This is accomplished by the machine imparting process energy onto the workpiece. Inadvertent interference with, or accidental misdirection of the released energy during production, maintenance, commissioning and de-commissioning may resul
41、t in injury. The primary purpose of the ANSI B11 series of machine tool safety standards is to devise and propose ways to minimize risks of the potential hazards. This can be accomplished by an appropriate machine design, by restricting personnel and other individuals access to hazard areas, and by
42、devising work procedures to minimize personnel exposure to hazardous situations. This is the essence of the ANSI B11 series of safety standards. The responsibility for the alleviation of these risks is divided between the equipment supplier, its user and its operating personnel, as follows (numbers
43、in parentheses refer to the clause numbers in these standards which address that responsibility): SUPPLIER USER Responsible for: Instruction manual Operation manual Maintenance manual (4.1) Overall workplace safety Maintenance and inspection procedures Training (4.2) Task and hazard identification (
44、5.1) Risk assessment/risk reduction (5.2) Design and construction (6) Set-up, Operation & Maintenance (9) Safeguarding (8) Layout, installation, testing and start-up (7) PERSONNEL Comply with instructions (4.3) B11.19 NFPA 79 For task/hazard combinations for which the standard does not provide protective measures, apply the principles of B11.TR3
