1、Designation: A579/A579M 17A579/A579M 17aStandard Specification forSuperstrength Alloy Steel Forgings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A579/A579M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers requirements for forged steel shapes for highly stressed structural members requiring yieldstreng
3、ths in excess of 140 ksi 965 MPa.1.2 This specification is not intended for applications limited by creep deformation.1.3 Twenty-eight grades are covered by this specification. Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, andmechanical properties required.1.4 Supplementary requirements are
4、 provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply onlywhen specified individually by the purchaser in the order.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact
5、 equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.6 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-poundunits.1.7
6、This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade
7、(TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A255 Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of SteelA275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel ForgingsA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Exami
8、nation of Steel ForgingsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General RequirementsE3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensE21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic MaterialsE45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of SteelE112 Test Methods f
9、or Determining Average Grain SizeE165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry3. Ordering Information and General Requirements3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by Specification A788/A788M, the purchaser shall include with the inquiryand order a detailed
10、 drawing, sketch, or written description of the forging.Additionally the purchaser shall specify one of the types,grades, and classes shown in Tables 1-3.3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which outlinesadditional ordering infor
11、mation, manufacturing requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification,product analysis variations, and additional supplementary requirements1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the di
12、rect responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06on Steel Forgings and Billets.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017Nov. 1, 2017. Published February 2017November 2017. Originally approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 20142017as A579/A579M 04aA579/A579M 17.(2014). DOI: 10.1520/A0579_A0579M-17.
13、10.1520/A0579_A0579M-17A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standar
14、d and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases o
15、nly the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.3 If the requirem
16、ents of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, therequirements of this specification shall prevail.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The steel shall be made in accordance with the Melting Process Section of Specification A788/A788M. A sufficient discardsh
17、all be made to secure freedom from injurious pipe and undue segregation.4.2 The material shall be forged as close as practical to the specified shape and size.4.3 The finished product shall be a hot-worked forging as defined by Specification A788/A788M.4.4 Heat Treatment Performed by Forging Supplie
18、rForgings may be furnished in one of the following conditions as specifiedin the inquiry and purchase order (some conditions are not applicable to all grades):4.4.1 Stress relieved,4.4.2 Annealed,4.4.3 Solution treated,4.4.4 Solution treated and aged,4.4.5 Normalized,4.4.6 Normalized and tempered, o
19、r4.4.7 Quenched and tempered.4.5 Heat Treatment Performed by PurchaserWhen final heat treatment is to be performed by the purchaser after machiningor fabrication, or both, a capability heat treatment duplicating the purchasers final heat treatment must be performed by thesupplier on representative s
20、amples (see 6.3) to qualify the forgings. The results of these capability tests shall conform to therequirements of Table 1 and Table 2. See also Table 3.5. Chemical Requirements5.1 Heat AnalysisThe heat analysis obtained from sampling in accordance with Specification A788/A788M shall comply withTab
21、le 4.5.2 Product AnalysisThe product analysis provisions of Specification A788/A788M may be used by the purchaser.6. Mechanical Properties6.1 The material shall conform to the mechanical properties specified in Table 1, when ordered to 4.4.4 or 4.4.7. For the otherheat treatments specified in 4.4, t
22、he provisions of 4.5 apply.6.2 Tension tests are required for all material ordered to this specification. However, room-temperature Charpy V-notch impacttests are required only for those grades which have minimum impact strength requirements listed in Table 2.6.3 Tests shall be conducted in accordan
23、ce with the latest issue of Test Methods and Definitions A370. The largest obtainabletension test specimen as specified in Test Methods and Definitions A370 shall be used. Impact specimens shall be the standard size,Charpy V-notch, as shown in the figure for the Charpy (Simple-Beam) Impact Test of T
24、est Methods and Definitions A370. Theuse of subsize impact specimens requires prior purchaser approval.6.4 The longitudinal axis of the specimens shall be parallel to the direction of major working of the forging. For upset-discforgings, the longitudinal axis of the test specimen shall be in the tan
25、gential direction.6.4.1 The longitudinal axis of the specimen shall be located midway between the parallel surfaces of the test extension if addedto the periphery of disks or midway between the center and surface of solid forgings. For hollow forgings, the longitudinal axisof the specimens shall be
26、located midway between the center and outer surfaces of the wall. When separately forged test blocksare employed as defined in 6.4.3, the tension test specimens shall be taken from a location which represents the midwall of theheaviest section of the production forgings. When specimens are required
27、from opposite ends, they shall be taken from the diagonalcorners of an axial plane.6.4.2 Except as specified herein, tests for acceptance shall be made after heat treatment has been completed.6.4.3 When mutually agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser, test specimens may be machined from a sp
28、eciallyforged block suitably worked and heat treated with the production forgings. Such a special block shall be obtained from an ingot,slab, or billet from the same heat used to make the forgings it represents. This block shall receive essentially the same type of hotworking and forging reduction a
29、s the production forgings; however, a longitudinally forged bar with dimensions not less than TbyT by 3T may be used to represent a ring forging. The dimension T shall be representative of the heaviest effective cross sectionof the forging. For quenched and tempered forgings for which tests are requ
30、ired at both ends by 6.5.2.3 and 6.5.2.4, separatelyforged test blocks are not allowed.NOTE 1In using separately forged test blocks, attention is drawn to the effect of mass differences between the production forgings and the test blocks.A579/A579M 17a26.5 Specific RequirementsThe number and locatio
31、n of tests are based on forging length, weight, and heat treatment, and shallbe as prescribed below. The length and weight to be used for this purpose shall be the shipped length and weight of forgingsproduced individually or the aggregate shipped length and weight of all pieces cut from a multiple
32、forging.6.5.1 Stress Relieved, Annealed Solution, Treated, Solution Treated and Aged, Normal or Normalized, and Tempered Forgings:6.5.1.1 For forgings weighing 5000 lb 2250 kg or less at the time of heat treatment, one tension test shall be taken from oneforging per heat in each heat-treatment charg
33、e. When heat treatment is performed in continuous-type furnaces with suitabletemperature controls and equipped with recording pyrometers so that complete heat-treatment records are available, a temperingcharge may be considered as any continuous run not exceeding an 8-h period.6.5.1.2 For forgings a
34、nd forged bars weighing over 5000 lb 2250 kg at the time of heat treatment, one tension test shall betaken from each forging.6.5.2 Quenched and Tempered Forgings:6.5.2.1 For quenched and tempered forgings weighing 5000 lb 2250 kg or less at the time of heat treatment, but not exceeding12 ft 3.7 m in
35、 length, one tension test shall be taken from one forging per heat in each heat-treatment charge. When heat treatmentis performed in continuous-type furnaces with suitable temperature controls and equipped with recording pyrometers so thatcomplete heat treatment records are available, a tempering ch
36、arge may be considered as any continuous run not exceeding an 8-hperiod.6.5.2.2 For quenched and tempered forgings and forged bars weighing over 5000 lb 2250 kg to 10 000 lb 4500 kg at the timeof heat treatment, but not exceeding 12 ft 3.7 m in length, one tension test shall be taken from each forgi
37、ng.6.5.2.3 For quenched and tempered forgings and forged bars that exceed 12 ft 3.7 m in length, one tension test shall be takenfrom each end of each forging.TABLE 1 Minimum Tension Test RequirementsType GradeYield Strength(0.2 % offset),ksi MPaTensile Strength,ksi MPaElongation,A%Reductionof Area,A
38、%Quench and TemperedType 1 13, 21, 22, 23, 12, 12a 140 965 150 1035 13 40Type 1 13, 21, 22, 23, 11 160 1100 175 1210 12 36Type 1 13, 21, 22, 23, 31 180 1240B 190 1310 10 32Type 1 13, 21, 22, 23 200 1380B 210 1450 9 28Type 1 22C , 23, 32, 33 225 1550B 250 1720 6 25Air HardeningType 2 41 200 1380B 260
39、 1790 9 30Type 2 41 225 1550B 280 1930 8 25Martensitic StainlessType 3 51, 52, 53 140 965 175 1210 12 45Type 3 52 160 1100 220 1520 10 40No. 1 Precipitation Hardening StainlessType 4 61 140 965 165 1140 12 50Type 4 61 160 1100 180 1240 10 45Type 4 61 180 1240B 200 1380 8 40No. 2 Precipitation Harden
40、ing StainlessType 5 64 140 965 165(1140 12 25Type 5 64 160 1100 185 1275 10 25Type 5 64 180 1240B 210 1450 10 25No. 3 Precipitation Hardening StainlessType 6 62 140 965 165 1140 6 25Type 6 62, 63 160 1100 180 1240 6 25Type 6 63 180 1240B 200 1380 6 25Type 6 63 200 1380B 225 1550 5 25Maraging SteelsT
41、ype 7 74 160 1100 170 1170 15 65Type 7 75 180 1240B 190 1310 14 60Type 7 71 200 1380B 210 1450 12 55Type 7 72 250 1720B 255 1760 10 45Type 7 73 275 1895B 280 1930 9 40MiscellaneousType 8 81 180 1240D 190 1310 13 45Type 8 82 200 1380D 210 1450 10 30Type 8 83D 225 1550D 260 1790 7 20Type 8 83E 250 172
42、0D 280 1930 4 15Type 8 84 180 1240D 185 1275 14 45Type 8 85 180 1240 210 1450 10 35A See Note in Table 3.B Vacuum melting normally required to achieve list properties.C By agreement.D Bainitic.E Martensitic.A579/A579M 17a36.5.2.4 For quenched and tempered forgings and forged bars weighing more than
43、10 000 lb 4500 kg at the time of heattreatment, two tension tests shall be taken from each forging. These shall be offset 180 from each other except that when thelength, excluding test prolongations, exceeds three times the diameter or equivalent thickness, one test shall be taken from eachend of th
44、e forging and shall be oriented 180 apart. In the case of circular forgings, the diameter is the largest diameter of theforging, excluding flanges. For other configurations, the term equivalent thickness is the maximum diagonal or major axis of thecross-section.7. Nondestructive Test Requirements7.1
45、 GeneralThe forgings shall be free from cracks, seams, laps, shrinkage, and other injurious discontinuities.7.2 Magnetic Particle InspectionAll ferromagnetic forgings produced to this specification shall be subject to magnetic particleinspection in accordance with Practice A275/A275M by the supplier
46、, unless otherwise specified.7.2.1 The purchaser may specify Supplementary Requirement S18 from Specification A788/A788M for acceptance criteria.7.3 Liquid Penetrant InspectionAll nonmagnetic forgings produced to this specification shall be subject to liquid penetrantinspection in accordance with Pr
47、actice E165/E165M, unless otherwise specified.7.3.1 The purchaser may specify Supplementary Requirement S19 from Specification A788/A788M for acceptance criteria.7.4 Ultrasonic InspectionAll forgings produced to this specification shall be subject to ultrasonic inspection in accordancewith Practice
48、A388/A388M, unless otherwise specified.7.4.1 The purchaser may specify Supplementary Requirement S20 from Specification A788/A788M for acceptance criteria.8. Repair Welding8.1 Repair welding of forgings is permissible only at option of the purchaser.9. Product Marking9.1 When die stamping is not per
49、mitted by the purchaser, electric pencil marking or electroetching may be used.10. Keywords10.1 alloy steel forgings; superstrengthTABLE 2 Minimum Room-Temperature Charpy V-Notch Energy AbsorptionA for Respective Yield Strength Classes, ftlbf JGradeType GradeYield Strength Class, ksi MPa1409651601100180B1240200B1380225B1550250B1720275B1900Type 1 11 . . . 45 60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Type 1 12, 12
