1、Designation: B 197/B 197M 07Standard Specification forCopper-Beryllium Alloy Wire1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 197/B 197M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number
2、 in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the requirements forcopper-
3、beryllium alloy wire in coils, spools, or other thanstraight lengths, of any uniform cross section. Copper AlloyUNS Nos. C17200 and C173002are included.1.2 Unless otherwise required, Copper Alloy UNS No.C17200 shall be the alloy furnished whenever SpecificationB 197/B 197M is specified without any a
4、lloy designation.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pounds or SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SIunits are shown in brackets. The values stated in each systemare not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combin
5、ing values from the twosystems may result in nonconformance with the specification.1.4 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to thetest methods described in this specification:1.4.1 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
6、 theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B 194 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Plate,Sheet, Strip, and Rolled BarB
7、250/B 250M Specification for General Requirements forWrought Copper Alloy WireB 601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copperand Copper AlloysWrought and CastB 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE8M Test Methods for Tension Te
8、sting of Metallic Mate-rials MetricE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. General Requirements3.1 The following sections of Specification B 250/B 250Mconstitute a part of this specification:3.1.1 Termi
9、nology,3.1.2 Material and Manufacturer,3.1.3 Chemical Composition,3.1.4 Dimensions and Permissible Variations,3.1.5 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance,3.1.6 Sampling,3.1.7 Number of Tests and Retests,3.1.8 Specimen Preparation,3.1.9 Test Methods,3.1.10 Significance of Numerical Limits,3.1.11 Inspec
10、tion,3.1.12 Rejection and Rehearing,3.1.13 Certification,3.1.14 Mill Test Report, and3.1.15 Packaging and Package Marking.3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to thatreferenced in 3.1 above, appears in this specification, itcontains additional requirements which supplement those ap
11、-pearing in Specification B 250/B 250M.4. Terminology4.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B 846.4.2 Definition of Term Specific to This Standard:4.2.1 grain countthe number of grains per stock thick-ness.5. Ordering Information5.1 Include the followin
12、g information when placing ordersfor product under this specification, as applicable:5.1.1 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,5.1.2 Copper (Alloy) UNS No. designation,1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct respons
13、ibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod,Bar, Wire, Shapes and Forgings.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published October 2007. Originallyapproved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as B 197/B 197M 01.2The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E 527) is a simpleexpan
14、sion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the additionof a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodatecomposition variations of the base alloy.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at service
15、astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United
16、 States.5.1.3 Temper (Section 7),5.1.4 Dimensions, diameter, or distance between parallelsurfaces, and length if applicable,5.1.5 Form of material: cross section such as round, hex-agonal, octagonal, oval, trapezoidal, and so forth,5.1.6 How furnished: coils spools, reels, or bucks, andspecific leng
17、ths with or without ends or stock lengths with orwithout ends if applicable, and5.1.7 When material is ordered for agencies of the U.S.Government (see Section 15).5.2 The following options are available and should bespecified in the contract or purchase order when required:5.2.1 Type of edge: square
18、 corners, round edge, full-rounded edge (see the Edge Contours section in the Dimen-sions and Permissible Variations Section of SpecificationB 250/B 250M),5.2.2 Grain size (Section 9.1),5.2.3 Grain count (Section 9.2),5.2.4 Mechanical properties (tensile strength and hardness)(Section 10),5.2.5 Bend
19、 test (after precipitation heat treatment) (11.1),5.2.6 Heat identification or traceability details,5.2.7 Special packaging requirements,5.2.8 Certification, and5.2.9 Mill test report.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The material shall conform to the chemical compositionrequirements prescribed in Table 1
20、for copper alloy UNS No.designation specified in the ordering information.6.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits for unnamed elements may beestablished and analysis required by agreement between themanufacturer or supplier and purchaser.6.3 Copper is custo
21、marily given as remainder, but may betaken as the difference between the sum of all elementsanalyzed and 100 %.6.4 When all the elements in Table 1 are determined, thesum of results shall be 99.5 % min.7. Temper7.1 The standard tempers available under this specificationand as specified in Practice B
22、 601 are TB00 (solution heattreated), or with varying degrees of cold work TD00 to TD04to be precipitation heat treated by the user. Also available areproducts already precipitation heat-treated by the manufac-turer, tempers TF00 (AT), TH01 to TH04. These products meetproperty requirements in Tables
23、 2 and 3 and generally do notrequire further heat treatment by the user.7.2 The pretempered product TL08 shown in Table 4 isprepared by the manufacturer for special applications.NOTE 1Special or nonstandard tempers are subject to negotiationbetween the supplier and the purchaser.8. Precipitation Hea
24、t Treatment8.1 The precipitation heat treatment is normally performedby the purchaser after forming. The heat treatment specifiedherein is applicable to mill products. Other treatment times andtemperatures may be preferable for end products made fromthis material.8.2 Conformance to the TF00 (AT) thr
25、ough TH04 (HT)specification limits shown in Tables 2 and 3 for productssupplied in the TB00 (A) through TD04 (H) tempers, shall bedetermined by testing test specimens heat-treated at a uniformtemperature of 600 to 625F 316 to 329C for the timesshown in Table 5.8.3 Special combinations of properties
26、such as increasedductility, electrical conductivity, dimensional accuracy, endur-ance life, and resistance to elastic drift and hysteresis in springsmay be obtained by special precipitation-hardening heat treat-ments. The mechanical requirements of Tables 2 and 3 do notapply to such special heat tre
27、atments.9. Physical Property Requirements9.1 Grain SizeThe average grain size of each of twosamples of rectangular other than square wire, in thicknessesover 0.010 in. 0.25 mm taken after precipitation heat treat-ment (see 8.2), shall not exceed the limits specified in Table 6when determined in acco
28、rdance with Test Methods E112andtaken on a plane perpendicular to the direction of rolling ordrawing.9.2 Grain Count:9.2.1 The grain count of each of two samples of rectangularother than square wire, in thicknesses over 0.004 to 0.010 in.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition, %Copper Alloy
29、 UNSNo. C17200Copper Alloy UNSNo. C17300Beryllium 1.802.00 1.802.00Additive elements:Nickel + cobalt, min 0.20 0.20Nickel + cobalt + iron, max 0.6 0.6Lead . . . 0.200.6Aluminum, max 0.20 0.20Silicon, max 0.20 0.20Copper remainder remainderTABLE 2 Tensile Strength Requirements for Round, Hexagonal,Oc
30、tagonal, and Square Wire After Precipitation Heat Treatment(See 11.2)Temper Designation Tensile Strength,AStandard Former ksiBMPaTF00 Precipitationhardened (AT)160200C11051380TH0114 hard andprecipitation heattreated (14 HT)175210C12051450TH0212 hard andprecipitation heattreated (12 HT)185215 1275148
31、0TH0334 hard andprecipitation heattreated (34 HT)D190230 13101585TH04 Hard andprecipitation heattreated (HT)195230 13451585AThese values apply to mill products (see 11.2).Bksi = 1000 psi.CCorrected editorially.DTH03 (34 HT) condition is generally available up to 0.080 in. 2.0 mm,inclusive, in diamet
32、er or distance between parallel surfaces.B 197/B 197M 0720.10 to 0.25 mm inclusive, taken after precipitation heattreatment (see 8.2), shall not be less than the limits specified inTable 7 when tested in accordance with 9.2.2.9.2.2 Grain count is the number of grains per stock thick-ness, averaged f
33、or five locations one stock thickness apart.Grain count shall be determined in a plane perpendicular to thedirection of rolling or drawing.10. Property Requirements10.1 The property requirement basis for acceptance orrejection for product in all forms and tempers is listed in theTables as follows:10
34、.1.1 For round, hexagonal, octagonal, and square wire:10.1.1.1 In the solution heat-treated, and solution heat-treated and cold worked conditioningTable 8,10.1.1.2 After precipitation heat-treatmentTable 2,10.1.1.3 In the pretempered (mill-hardened) conditionTable 4.10.1.2 For rectangle other than s
35、quare wire:10.1.2.1 Rockwell hardness shall be the basis of acceptanceor rejection for wire 0.015 in. (0.040 mm) thick or over unlessotherwise specifiedTable 9.10.1.2.2 For wire less than 0.015 in. (0.40 mm), or whenagreement on hardness tests cannot be reached, the tensilestrength requirements shal
36、l apply.10.1.2.3 In the solution heat-treated and solution heat-treated and cold-worked conditionTable 9.10.1.2.4 After precipitation heat-treatmentTable 3.TABLE 3 Mechanical Property RequirementsAfor Rectangular Other Than Square Wire After Precipitation Heat Treatment (See 11.2)NOTE 1Rockwell hard
37、ness values apply only to direct determinations, not converted values.Temper Designation Tensile StrengthARockwell hardnessBStandard Former ksiCMPa C Scale, min 30N Scale, min 15N Scale, minTF00 Precipitation hardened (AT) 165190 11401310 36 56 78TH0114 hard and precipitation heat treated (14 H) 175
38、200 12101380 38 58 79TH0212 hard and precipitation heat treated (12 HT) 185210 12801450 39 59 79.5TH04 Hard and precipitation heat treated (HT) 190215 13101480 40 60 80AThe upper limit in the tensile strength column applies to material thicker than 0.020 in. 0.50 mm.BThe thickness of material that m
39、ay be tested in the case of the Rockwell hardness scales is as follows:C Scale 0.032 in. and over 0.80 mm and over30N 0.020 to 0.032 in., excl 0.50 to 0.80 mm, excl15N Scale 0.015 to 0.020 in., excl 0.38 to 0.50 mm, exclCksi = 1000 psi.TABLE 4 Tensile Strength Requirements for Round, Hexagonal, Octa
40、gonal, and Square Wire After Mill Hardening (Pretempered TL08-Former Designation XHT)Diameter or Distance BetweenParallel Surfaces, in.Tensile Strength,ksiADiameter or Distance BetweenParallel Surfaces, mmTensile Strength,MPaOver 0.050 to 0.075, excl 140165 Over 1.2 to 1.9, excl 96511400.075 to 0.10
41、0, excl 120140 1.9 to 2.5, excl 8309650.100 to 0.114, incl 115130 2.5 to 2.9, excl 795895Aksi = 1000 psi.TABLE 5 Standard Precipitation Heat Treatment Time forAcceptance TestTemper Designation Before HardeningTime at 600 to 625F, h316329CStandard FormerRound,Hexagonal,Octagonal,and SquareWireRectang
42、ularOther ThanSquare WireTB00 Solution heat treated (annealed) 3 3TD01 Quarter-hard 2 212TD02 Half-hard 112 2TD03 Three-quarter hard 1 2TD04 Hard 1 2TABLE 6 Grain Size Requirements for Rectangular Other ThanSquare WireThickness, in.Maximum AverageGrain Size, mmThickness, mmOver 0.010 to 0.030, incl
43、0.035 Over 0.25 to 0.75, inclOver 0.030 to 0.090, incl 0.045 Over 0.75 to 2.30, inclOver 0.090 to 0.188, incl 0.060 Over 2.3 to 4.8, inclTABLE 7 Grain Count Requirements for Rectangular Other ThanSquare WireThickness, in.MinimumNumber ofGrainsThickness, mmOver 0.004 to 0.006, incl 6 Over 0.10 to 0.1
44、5, inclOver 0.006 to 0.008, incl 7 Over 0.15 to 0.20, inclOver 0.008 to 0.010, incl 8 Over 0.20 to 0.25, inclTABLE 8 Tensile Strength Requirements for Round, Hexagonal,Octagonal, and Square WireTemper Designation Tensile Strength,Standard Former ksiAMPaTB00 Solution heat treated (annealed) (A) 5878
45、400540TD01 Quarter-hard (14 H) 90115 620795TD02 Half-hard (12 H) 110135 760930TD03 Three-quarter hardB(34 H) 130155 8951070TD04 Hard (H) 140165 9651140Aksi = 1000 psi.BTD03 (34 H) and TD04 (H) tempers are generally available up to 0.080 in. 2.0mm, inclusive, in diameter or distance between parallel
46、surfaces.B 197/B 197M 07311. Performance Requirements11.1 Bend Tests Requirements:11.1.1 Round, hexagonal, octagonal, and square wire intempers shown in Table 8 shall withstand being bent coldthrough five successive turns on a radius equal to the diameteror distance between parallel surfaces of the
47、wire.11.1.1.1 The specimens shall not develop cracks visible tothe unaided eye.11.2 When specified (see 5.2.5), rectangular other thansquare wire after precipitation heat treatment, according toTable 5 and having dimensions of 0.004 to 0.020 in. 0.10 to0.50 mm, inclusive in thickness, and having a w
48、idth of at leastfour times its thickness, shall conform to the requirementsspecified in Table 10 when tested in accordance with 14.2.12. Dimensions and Permissible Variations12.1 The dimensions and tolerances for material covered bythis specification shall be as specified in the current edition ofSp
49、ecification B 250/B 250M, with particular reference to theDimensions and Permissible Variations Section and the follow-ing tables of that specification:12.2 Diameter or Distance Between Parallel SurfacesSee6.2, Table 2.12.3 Thickness4See 6.3, Table 4,12.4 Width4See 6.4, Table 6,12.5 Length4See 6.5, Tables 7 and 8,12.6 Straightness4See 6.6, Table 9.13. Specimen Preparation13.1 Tension test specimens, when required, shall be pre-pared
