1、Designation: B 348 06aStandard Specification forTitanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 348; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers annealed titanium and tita-ni
3、um alloy bars and billets as follows:1.1.1 Grade 1Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2 Grade 2Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2.1 Grade 2HUnalloyed titanium (Grade 2 with 58ksi minimum UTS),1.1.3 Grade 3Unalloyed titanium,1.1.4 Grade 4Unalloyed titanium,1.1.5 Grade 5Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vana-dium),1.1.6 Gra
4、de 6Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 2.5 % tin),1.1.7 Grade 7Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %palladium,1.1.7.1 Grade 7HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %palladium (Grade 7 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.8 Grade 9Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % va-nadium),1.1.9 Grade 11Unalloyed titanium plu
5、s 0.12 to 0.25 %palladium,1.1.10 Grade 12Titanium alloy (0.3 % molybdenum,0.8 % nickel),1.1.11 Grade 13Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.12 Grade 14Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.13 Grade 15Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.14 Grade 16Unalloyed t
6、itanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 %palladium,1.1.14.1 Grade 16HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to0.08 % palladiumm (Grade 16 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.15 Grade 17Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 %palladium,1.1.16 Grade 18Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.17 G
7、rade 19Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum),1.1.18 Grade 20Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum)plus 0.04 %0.08 % palladium,1.1.19 Grade 21Titanium alloy (15 % molybdenum, 3 %aluminum, 2.7 % niobium,
8、 0.25 % silicon),1.1.20 Grade 23Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium with extra low interstitial elements, ELI),1.1.21 Grade 24Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.22 Grade 25Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium) plus 0.3 % to 0.8 % nickel and 0.04
9、 % to 0.08 %palladium,1.1.23 Grade 26Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 %ruthenium,1.1.23.1 Grade 26HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to0.14 % ruthenium (Grade 26 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.24 Grade 27Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 %ruthenium,1.1.25 Grade 28Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %v
10、anadium plus 0.080.14 % ruthenium),1.1.26 Grade 29Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI plus 0.080.14 % ruthe-nium),1.1.27 Grade 30Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %palladium),1.1.28 Grade 31Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %palladium),1.1.29 Grade 32Titanium all
11、oy (5 % aluminum, 1 % tin,1 % zirconium, 1 % vanadium, 0.8 % molybdenum),1.1.30 Grade 33Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 %palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),1.1.31 Grade 34Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 %palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),1.1.32 Grade 35Titanium alloy
12、 (4.5 % aluminum, 2 %molybdenum, 1.6 % vanadium, 0.5 % iron, 0.3 % silicon),1.1.33 Grade 36Titanium alloy (45 % niobium),1.1.34 Grade 37Titanium alloy (1.5 % aluminum), and1.1.35 Grade 38Titanium alloy (4 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium, 1.5 % iron).NOTE 1H grade material is identical to the corresponding
13、 numericgrade (that is, Grade 2H = Grade 2) except for the higher guaranteed1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.01 on Titanium.Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Publis
14、hed June 2006. Originallyapproved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as B 348 06.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SB-348 in Section II of that Code.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1
15、9428-2959, United States.minimum UTS, and may always be certified as meeting the requirementsof its corresponding numeric grade. Grades 2H, 7H, 16H, and 26H areintended primarily for pressure vessel use.The H grades were added in response to a user association request basedon its study of over 5200
16、commercial Grade 2, 7, 16, and 26 test reports,where over 99 % met the 58 ksi minimum UTS.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered stan
17、dard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE 120 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Titanium andTitanium Alloys4E 1409 Test Method for De
18、termination of Oxygen andNitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert GasFusion TechniqueE 1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen inTitanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas FusionThermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to Th
19、is Standard:3.1.1 bar, na hot rolled, forged, or cold worked semifin-ished solid section product whose cross sectional area is equalto or less than 16 in.2(10 323 mm2); rectangular bar must beless than or equal to 10 in. (254 mm) in width and greater than0.1875 in. (4.8 mm) in thickness.3.1.2 billet
20、, na solid semifinished section hot rolled orforged from an ingot, with a cross sectional area greater than 16in.2(10 323 mm2) whose width is less than five times itsthickness.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAComposition, %ElementGrade 1 Grade 2 Grade 2H Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 7H
21、 Grade 9 Grade 11 Grade 12Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08Hydrogen,B,Cmax 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015Iron, max 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.50 0.40 0.5
22、0 0.30 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.30Oxygen, max 0.18 0.25 0.25 0.35 0.40 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.15 0.18 0.25Aluminum . . . . . 5.56.75 4.06.0 . . 2.53.5 . .Vanadium . . . . . 3.54.5 . . . 2.03.0 . .Tin . . . . . . 2.03.0 . . . . .Ruthenium . . . . . . . . . . . .Palladium . . . . . . . 0.120.25 0.120.25 . 0.12
23、0.25 .Cobalt . . . . . . . . . . . .Molybdenum . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20.4Chromium . . . . . . . . . . . .Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . 0.60.9Niobium . . . . . . . . . . . .Zirconium . . . . . . . . . . . .Silicon . . . . . . . . . . . .Residuals,D,E,Fmax each0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
24、0.1 0.1Residuals,D,E,Fmax total0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4TitaniumGbalance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balanceComposition, %ElementGrade 13 Grade 14 Grade 15 Grade 16 Grade 16H Grade 17 Grade 18 Grade 19 Grade 20 Grade 21Nitroge
25、n, max 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.05Hydrogen,B,Cmax 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.02 0.02 0.015Iron, max 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.40Oxygen, max 0.10 0.15 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.18 0.15 0.12
26、 0.12 0.17Aluminum . . . . . . 2.53.5 3.04.0 3.04.0 2.53.5Vanadium . . . . . . 2.03.0 7.58.5 7.58.5 .Tin . . . . . . . . . .Ruthenium 0.040.06 0.040.06 0.040.06 . . . . . . .Palladium . . . 0.040.08 0.040.08 0.040.08 0.040.08 . 0.040.08 .Cobalt . . . . . . . . . .Molybdenum . . . . . . . 3.54.5 3.54
27、.5 14.016.0Chromium . . . . . . . 5.56.5 5.56.5 .Nickel 0.40.6 0.40.6 0.40.6 . . . . . . .3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Sum
28、mary page onthe ASTM website.4Withdrawn.B 348 06a2Composition, %ElementGrade 13 Grade 14 Grade 15 Grade 16 Grade 16H Grade 17 Grade 18 Grade 19 Grade 20 Grade 21Niobium . . . . . . . . . 2.23.2Zirconium . . . . . . . 3.54.5 3.54.5 .Silicon . . . . . . . . . 0.150.25Residuals,D,E,Fmaxeach0.1 0.1 0.1
29、0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.15 0.15 0.1Residuals,D,E,Fmaxtotal0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4TitaniumGbalance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balanceComposition, %ElementGrade 23 Grade 24 Grade 25 Grade 26 Grade 26H Grade 27 Grade 28 Grade 29 Grade 30Nitrogen, max 0.03
30、0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08Hydrogen,B,Cmax 0.0125 0.015 0.0125 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015Iron, max 0.25 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.30Oxygen, max 0.13 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.25Aluminum 5.56.5 5.56.75
31、5.56.75 . . . 2.53.5 5.56.5 .Vanadium 3.54.5 3.54.5 3.54.5 . . . 2.03.0 3.54.5 .Tin . . . . . . .Ruthenium . . . 0.080.14 0.080.14 0.080.14 0.080.14 0.080.14 .Palladium . 0.040.08 0.040.08 . . . . . 0.040.08Cobalt . . . . . . 0.200.80Molybdenum . . . . . . . . .Chromium . . . . . . . . .Nickel . . 0
32、.30.8 . . . . . .Niobium . . . . . . . . .Zirconium . . . . . . . . .Silicon . . . . . . . . .Residuals,D,E,Fmaxeach0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1Residuals,D,E,Fmaxtotal0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4TitaniumGbalance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balanceComposition
33、, %ElementGrade 31 Grade 32 Grade 33 Grade 34 Grade 35 Grade 36 Grade 37 Grade 38Nitrogen, max 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.08 0.08Hydrogen,B,Cmax 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.0035 0.015 0.015Iron, max or range 0.30 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.200.80 0.0
34、3 0.30 1.21.8Oxygen, max or range 0.35 0.11 0.25 0.35 0.25 0.16 0.25 0.200.30Aluminum . 4.55.5 . . 4.0-5.0 . 1.02.0 3.54.5Vanadium . 0.61.4 . . 1.12.1 . . 2.03.0Tin . 0.61.4 . . . . . .Ruthenium . . 0.02-0.04 0.02-0.04 . . . .Palladium 0.040.08 . 0.01-0.02 0.01-0.02 . . . .Cobalt 0.200.80 . . . . .
35、. .Molybdenum . 0.61.2 . . 1.52.5 . . .Chromium . . 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2 . . . .Nickel . . 0.35-0.55 0.35-0.55 . . . .Niobium . . . . . 42.047.0 . .Zirconium . 0.61.4 . . . . . .Silicon . 0.060.14 . . 0.200.40 . . .Residuals,D,E,Fmax each 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1Residuals,D,E,Fmax total 0.4 0.4 0.
36、4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4TitaniumGbalance balance Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder balanceAAnalysis shall be completed for all elements listed in this table for each grade. The analysis results for the elements not quantified in the table need not be reportedunless the concentration lev
37、el is greater than 0.1 % each or 0.4 % total.BLower hydrogen may be obtained by negotiation with the manufacturer.CFinal product analysis.DNeed not be reported.EA residual is an element present in a metal or an alloy in small quantities and is inherent to the manufacturing process but not added inte
38、ntionally. In titanium theseelements include aluminum, vanadium, tin, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium, yttrium, copper, silicon, cobalt, tantalum,nickel, boron, manganese, and tungsten.FThe purchaser may, in his written purchase order, request analysi
39、s for specific residual elements not listed in this specification.GThe percentage of titanium is determined by difference.B 348 06a34. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information as applicable:4.1.1 Grade number (Section 1),4.1.2 Produc
40、t classification (Section 3),4.1.3 Chemistry (Table 1),4.1.4 Mechanical properties (Table 2),4.1.5 Marking (Section 16),4.1.6 Finish (Section 8),4.1.7 Packaging (Section 16),4.1.8 Required reports (Section 15), and4.1.9 Disposition of rejected material (Section 14).TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsAGrade
41、Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset) min or range Elongation in 4D,min, %Reduction of Area,min %ksi MPa ksi MPa1 35 240 20 138 24 302 50 345 40 275 20 302HB,C58 400 40 275 20 303 65 450 55 380 18 304 80 550 70 483 15 255 130 895 120 828 10 256 120 828 115 795 10 257 50 345 40 275 20 3
42、07HB,C58 400 40 275 20 309 90 620 70 483 15 259D90 620 70 483 12 2511 35 240 20 138 24 3012 70 483 50 345 18 2513 40 275 25 170 24 3014 60 410 40 275 20 3015 70 483 55 380 18 2516 50 345 40 275 20 3016HB,C58 400 40 275 20 3017 35 240 20 138 24 3018 90 620 70 483 15 2518D90 620 70 483 12 2019E115 793
43、 110 759 15 2519F135 930 130 to 159 897 to 1096 10 2019G165 1138 160 to 185 1104 to 1276 5 2020E115 793 110 759 15 2520F135 930 130 to 159 897 to 1096 10 2020G165 1138 160 to 185 1104 to 1276 5 2021E115 793 110 759 15 3521F140 966 130 to 159 897 to 1096 10 3021G170 1172 160 to 185 1104 to 1276 8 202
44、3 120 828 110 759 10 1523D120 828 110 759 7.5H,6.0I2524 130 895 120 828 10 2525 130 895 120 828 10 2526 50 345 40 275 20 3026HB,C58 400 40 275 20 3027 35 240 20 138 24 3028 90 620 70 483 15 2528D90 620 70 483 12 2029 120 828 110 759 10 2529D120 828 110 759 7.5H,6.0I1530 50 345 40 275 20 3031 65 450
45、55 380 18 3032 100 689 85 586 10 2533 50 345 40 275 20 3034 65 450 55 380 18 3035 130 895 120 828 5 2036 65 450 60 to 95 410 to 655 10 .37 50 345 31 215 20 3038 130 895 115 794 10 25AThese properties apply to longitudinal sections up to 3 in. (76 mm) in thickness with a maximum of 10 in.2(64.5 cm2).
46、 Mechanical properties of larger sections shallbe negotiated between the manufacturer and purchaser.BMaterial is identical to the corresponding numeric grade (that is, Grade 2H = Grade 2) except for the higher guaranteed minimum UTS, and may always be certifiedas meeting the requirements of its corr
47、esponding numeric grade. Grade 2H, 7H, 16H, and 26H are intended primarily for pressure vessel use.CThe H grades were added in response to a user association request based on its study of over 5200 commercial Grade 2, 7, 16, and 26 test reports, where over 99 %met the 58 ksi minimum UTS.DProperties
48、for material in transformed-beta condition.EProperties for solution treated condition.FProperties for solution treated and aged conditionModerate strength (determined by aging temperature).GProperties for solution treated and aged conditionHigh strength (determined by aging temperature).HFor product
49、 section or wall thickness values 30 60.50Nitrogen 0.05 + 0.02Oxygen 0.30 + 0.03Oxygen 0.31 to 0.40 60.04Palladium 0.01 to 0.02 60.002Palladium 0.04 to 0.08 60.005Palladium 0.12 to 0.25 60.02Ruthenium 0.02 to 0.04 60.005Ruthenium 0.04 to 0.06 60.005Ruthenium 0.08 to 0.14 60.01Silicon 0.06 to 0.40 60.02Tin 0.62.0to3.0 60.15Vanadium 0.6 to 4.5 60.15Vanadium 7.5 to 8.5 60.40Zirconium 0.6 to 1.4 60.15ResidualsA(each) 0.15 + 0.02AA residual is an element present
