1、Designation: C 35 01 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Specification forInorganic Aggregates for Use in Gypsum Plaster1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 35; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers perlite, verm
3、iculite, naturaland manufactured sand for use as gypsum plaster aggregates.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This s
4、tandard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 The text of this spec
5、ification references notes andfootnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes andfootnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not beconsidered as requirements of the specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C11 Terminology Relating to Gypsum and Related Build-ing
6、Materials and SystemsC 29/C 29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)and Voids in AggregateC40 Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggre-gates for ConcreteC 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseAggregatesC 471M Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Gypsumand Gypsum Prod
7、ucts (Metric)D75 Practice for Sampling AggregatesE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth andTest Sieves3. Terminology3.1 Definitions shall be in accordance with TerminologyC11.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 manufactured sand, nthe fine material resultingfrom the c
8、rushing and classification by screening, or otherwise,of rock, gravel, or blast furnace slag.3.2.2 natural sand, nthe fine granular material resultingfrom the natural disintegration of rock or from the crushing offriable sandstone.3.2.3 perlite aggregate, na siliceous volcanic glass ex-panded by hea
9、t.3.2.4 vermiculite aggregate, na micaceous mineral ex-panded by heat.4. Chemical Composition4.1 Water-soluble impurities in sand shall not exceed 0.15weight % and sodium ion content shall not exceed 0.02 weight% when tested in accordance with Section 7.4.2 Sand shall develop a color no darker than
10、the standard,when subjected to the colorimetric test for organic impurities inaccordance with Test Method C40, unless it is established byadequate tests that the impurities causing the color are notharmful in plaster.5. Mechanical Requirements5.1 GradingShall be as follows when tested in accor-dance
11、 with Section 7:5.1.1 Perlite and vermiculite shall be graded within thelimits specified in Table 1.5.1.2 Natural and Manufactured SandShall be gradedwith not more than 50 % retained between any two consecutivesieves shown in Table 1, nor more than 25 % between the No.50 (300 m) and No. 100 (150 m)
12、sieves.5.2 Density:5.2.1 Perlite shall have a density of not less than 6 nor morethan 12 lb/ft3(96 to 192 kg/m3) when tested in accordance withTest Method C 29/C 29M using the shoveling procedure.5.2.2 Vermiculite shall have a density of not less than 6 normore than 10 lb/ft3(96 to 160 kg/m3) when t
13、ested in accordancewith Test Method C 29/C 29M using the shoveling procedure.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C11 onGypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems and is the direct responsibilityof Subcommittee C11.02 on Specifications and Test Methods for Accessori
14、es andRelated Products.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published September 2009. Originallyapproved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C 35 01(2005).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For A
15、nnual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Sampling6.1 ApparatusSuitable thief tube.6.2 Bulk AggregateObtain spec
16、imens of sand in accor-dance with Practice D75.6.3 Bagged AggregateObtain from 1 bag randomly se-lected from each 100 bags but not less than 6 bags from theshipment. For smaller shipments, not less than 6 % of thenumber of bags shall constitute the sample.6.3.1 Secure specimens by inserting a suitab
17、le thief tube thefull distance between diagonally opposite corners of the bagwith the bag lying in a horizontal position. Combine theportions to produce a composite specimen having a volume notless than 1 ft3(0.028 m3). Prepare and test not less than 1composite specimen separately for each 2000 bags
18、 of aggre-gate.6.4 Reduce specimens obtained in accordance with 6.2 or6.3 by quartering or riffling to obtain specimens of proper sizefor individual tests.7. Test Methods7.1 Apparatus:7.1.1 SieveSpecification E11, Nos. 4, 8, 16, 30, 50, 100,200 (4.75, 2.36, 1.18 mm, 600 m, 300 m, 150 m, 15 m).7.1.2
19、Graduated 250 mL Cylinder.7.1.3 250 mL Beaker.7.1.4 Tared Evaporating Dish.7.1.5 Fast Paper Filter.7.1.6 100 mL Volumetric Flask.7.1.7 Deionized Water.7.1.8 Spatula.7.1.9 Weighing Scale.7.1.10 Oven.7.1.11 Desiccator.7.1.12 Mechanical Shaker.7.1.13 500 mL Graduated Cylinder.7.2 Sieve Analysis for San
20、dUse Test Method C 136.7.3 Sieve Analysis for Perlite or VermiculiteUse TestMethod C 136 except as modified as follows:7.3.1 Use a specimen of 500 mL bulk volume.7.3.1.1 Measure the volume of each sieve fraction in a 250mL graduated cylinder. Pour the specimen loosely into thegraduate without tampin
21、g or shaking. Level the surface with aspatula and read the volume to within 62 mL.7.3.2 Express the volumes of the individual sieve fractionsas percentages of the sum of the volumes of all fractions.7.3.3 Calculate the cumulative percentages on each desig-nated sieve by summing the individual percen
22、tages of allfractions larger than that sieve.7.4 Density of Lightweight Aggregate Test Method C 29/C 29M; use shoveling procedure.7.5 Water Soluble Impurities of Sand:7.5.1 Significance and UseImpurities can affect the set-ting properties, strength, and bond performance of gypsumplaster. These proce
23、dures determine the water soluble impuri-ties of the sand being evaluated.7.5.2 Apparatus:7.5.2.1 Analytical Balance, with a precision of 0.0001 g.7.5.2.2 Balance, capable of weighing at least 10 g to aprecision of 0.1 g.7.5.2.3 Desiccator, containing calcium chloride or equiva-lent desiccant.7.5.2.
24、4 Drying Oven, capable of being controlled to 250F(121C).7.5.2.5 Filter PaperA “fast” filter paper shall be used.37.5.2.6 Atomic Absorption or Ion Chromatography Equip-ment.7.5.2.7 Mechanical Shaker.7.5.3 Procedure (Water Soluble Impurities):7.5.3.1 Weigh approximately 10 g of air-dried sand andreco
25、rd the weight to 0.1 g. Transfer to a 250-mL beaker. Add100 mL of distilled water. Heat to boiling and allow to simmeron a hot plate for 5 min. Filter through a fast paper into a taredevaporating dish. Wash with hot distilled water until thevolume of filtrate is about 125 mL. Evaporate to dryness in
26、 anoven without allowing the temperature of the dish to rise above250F (121C). Cool residue in a dessicator, weigh to 0.001 gand calculate the percentage of residue on the initial weight ofsand.7.5.3.2 ReportReport percentage as water soluble impu-rities.7.5.3.3 Precision and BiasNo estimate of the
27、precision orbias, or both, is available at this time.7.5.4 Procedure (Sodium Ion Content):7.5.4.1 Weigh approximately5gofsand and record theweight to 0.01 g. Transfer to 100-mL volumetric flask. Addapproximately 80 mL of deionized water to the flask. Shake ona mechanical shaker for 4 h. Remove and b
28、ring to a full volumewith deionized water and allow to settle. Analyze for Na ionaccording to general atomic absorption in accordance with TestMethods C 471M or ion chromatography procedures.4NOTE 1To minimize contamination, care must be exercised to be sureall equipment is clean.7.5.4.2 Calculation
29、 and ReportCalculate and report thepercent Na as follows:3The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis VWR Scientific. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide thisinformation to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful c
30、onsideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.4The sole source of supply of ion chromatographs known to the committee atthis time is Dionex Inc., Sunnyvale, CA. If you are aware of alternative suppliers,please provide this information to ASTM International Hea
31、dquarters. Your com-ments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technicalcommittee,1which you may attend.TABLE 1 Grading RequirementsSieve SizePercentage Retained on Each Sieve, CumulativePerlite,by volumeVermiculite,by volumeSand,by weightMax Min Max Min Max MinNo. 4 (4
32、.75-mm) 0 . 0 . 0 .No. 8 (2.36-mm) 5 0 10 0 5 0No. 16 (1.18-mm) 60 5 75 40 30 5No. 30 (600-m) 95 45 95 65 65 30No. 50 (300-m) 98 75 98 75 95 65No. 100 (150-m) 100 85 100 90 100 90No. 200 (15-m) 100 95C 35 01 (2009)2Curve concentration 3 any dilution factorg/g 53 100 mL final volumeinitial weight of
33、sampleg/g10 0005 % metal ion Na1!7.5.4.3 Precision and BiasNo estimate of the precision orbias is available at this time.7.5.5 Organic ImpuritiesTest Method C40.8. Inspection8.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and the producer or supplier as part of thepurchase a
34、greement.9. Rejection and Rehearing9.1 Rejection of material shall be reported to the producer orsupplier within ten working days from the receipt of theshipment by the purchaser. Rejection of the material shall bebased either on the specific cause of failure to conform to therequirements of this sp
35、ecification or the failure of the materialto meet the minimum weight or approximate volume as statedon the shipment.9.2 Failure to meet the minimum weight or approximatevolume shall be determined as follows:9.2.1 Individual Packages:9.2.1.1 The contents, on a weight basis, are 5 % less thanthat indi
36、cated on the packages, or9.2.1.2 The contents, on a volume basis, are 10 % less thanthat indicated on the package.9.2.2 The Entire Shipment:9.2.2.1 On a weight basis when the average contents of 2packages for each 100 but not less than 6 packages selected atrandom, in any one shipment, are less than
37、 that indicated on thepackage. The net weight of the contents shall be determined byweighing the package or packages and deducting the weight ofthe container.9.2.2.2 On a volume basis when the average contents of 2packages for each 100 but not less than 6 packages selected atrandom, in any one shipm
38、ent, differ by more than 5 % more or10 % less from that indicated on the package. The volume ofthe contents in the package shall be calculated by determiningthe weight of the contents of the package and then obtainingthe weight per unit of volume of the aggregate, from anaverage weight package of th
39、e samples selected in 6.3.1,bytheshoveling procedure given in Test Method C 29/C 29M, andthen dividing the weight of the contents of the bag by the unitof volume of the aggregate.10. Certification10.1 When specified in the purchase order, the producers orsuppliers certification shall be furnished to
40、 the purchaserstating that the material was prepared or manufactured inaccordance with this specification and has been found to meetthe specified requirements.11. Packaging and Package Marking11.1 When lightweight aggregates covered by this specifi-cation are delivered in packages, the name of the t
41、ype ofaggregate, and minimum weight and approximate volume ofthe contents shall be plainly indicated thereon.11.2 When delivered in bulk quantities, the bill of ladingshall show the quantity by weight or unit of volume, and thename of the supplier.11.2.1 Bulk materials shall be delivered in clean tr
42、ansportvessels, free of contaminants.12. Keywords12.1 aggregates; gypsum plaster; inorganic; manufacturedsand; natural sand; perlite; vermiculiteASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of
43、this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five
44、years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical com
45、mittee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).C 35 01 (2009)3
