1、2013年 11月河北省成人本科英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the c
2、orresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone is exposed to risk of some sort. The house -owner, for example, knows that his property can be damaged by fire; the ship -owner knows that his vessel may be lost at sea
3、; the breadwinner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family the poorer. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire nor every vessel lost at sea. If these persons each put a small sum into a pool, there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer loss. In oth
4、er words, the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many. This is the basis of insurance. Those who pay the contribution are known as “insured“ and those who administer the pool of contributions as “insurers“. Not all risks lend themselves to being covered by insurance. Broadly spe
5、aking, the ordinary risks of business and speculation cannot be covered. The risk that buyers will not buy goods at the prices offered is not of a kind that can be statistically estimated - and risks can only be insured against if they can be so estimated. The legal basis of all insurance is the “po
6、licy“. This is the printed form of contract on paper of the best quality. It states that in return for the regular payment by the insured of a named sum of money, called the “premium“(保险费 ), which is usually paid every year, the insurer will pay a sum of money or compensation for loss, if the risk o
7、r event insured against actually happens. The workding of policies, particularly in marine insurance, often seems very old - fashioned, but there is a sound reason for this. Over a large number of years many law cases have been brought to clear up the meaning of doubtful phrases in policies. The law
8、 courts, in their judgments, have given these phrases a definite and indisputable meaning, and to avoid future disputes the phrases have continued to be used in policies even when they have passed out of normal use in speech. 1 According to this passage, insurance is possible because_. （ A） everyone
9、 at some time suffers loss （ B） only a small proportion of the insured suffer loss （ C） nearly everyone suffers loss （ D） only insured people suffer loss 2 By“the pool of contributions“the writer means_. （ A） money paid by the insured （ B） money paid by the insurers （ C） the cost of administering in
10、surance （ D） the amount of administering insurance 3 The insurance of ordinary business risks is not possible because_. （ A） business will not buy insurance （ B） the risks are too high （ C） the risks can not be estimated （ D） the premiums would be too high 4 Old - fashioned wording is sometimes used
11、 in insurance policies because_. （ A） insurance is old - fashioned （ B） insurance has existed for a long time （ C） it enables ordinary people to understand it （ D） the meaning of such wording has been agreed upon 5 The writer of this passage seems to think that insurance is_. （ A） a form of gambling
12、 （ B） a way of making money quickly （ C） old - fashioned （ D） useful and necessary 5 More than 30, 000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured each year. At the speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third - floor window. Wearing a seat belt saves
13、lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half. Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to 50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driv
14、ers responsibility make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind. However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you reversing your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using vehicle; or if you have a valid medical ce
15、rtificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances apply to you before you decide not to wear you seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it. 6 This text is t
16、aken from_. （ A） a medical magazine （ B） a police report （ C） a legal document （ D） a government information booklet 7 Wearing a seat belt in a vehicle_. （ A） reduces road accidents by more than half （ B） saves lives while driving at a speed up to 30 miles per hour （ C） reduces the death rate in tra
17、ffic accidents （ D） saves more than 15, 000 lives each year 8 It is the drivers responsibility to_. （ A） make the front seat passenger wear a seat belt （ B） make the front seat children under 14 wear a seat belt （ C） stop children riding in the front seat （ D） wear a seat belt each time he drives 9
18、According to the text, which of the following people riding in the front dos not have to wear a seat belt? （ A） Someone who is backing into a parking space. （ B） Someone who is picking up the children from the local school. （ C） Someone who is delivering invitation letters. （ D） Someone who is under
19、 14. 10 For some people, it may be better_. （ A） to wear a seat belt for health reasons （ B） not to wear a seat belt for health reasons （ C） to get valid medical certificate before wearing a seat belt （ D） to pay a fine rather than wear a seat belt 10 Oceanography has been defined as“ The applicatio
20、n of all sciences to the study of the sea“. Before the nineteenth century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writing, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work. For most people the sea was re
21、mote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that question“ What is at the bottom of the oceans?“ had to be answered w
22、ith any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile(起伏形状 )of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured. It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company
23、turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings(测声 )were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific 0-ceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book. The Phys
24、ical Geography of the Sea. The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there
25、 was no life in the deeper parts of the sea. Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition(考察 ), which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a f
26、ive - volume report, the last volume being published in 1895. 11 The proposal to lay a telegraphy cable from Europe to America made oceanographic studies take on_. （ A） an academic aspect （ B） a military aspect （ C） a business aspect （ D） an international aspect 12 It was_that asked Maury for help i
27、n oceanographic studies. （ A） the American Navy （ B） some early intercontinental travelers （ C） those who earned a living from the sea （ D） the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable 13 The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840 s was_. （ A） to make some sounding experimen
28、ts in the oceans （ B） to collect samples of sea plants and animals （ C） to estimate the length of cable that was needed （ D） to measure the depths of the two oceans 14 “Defied“in the 5th paragraph probably means“_“. （ A） doubted （ B） gave proof to （ C） challenged （ D） agreed to 15 This passage is ma
29、inly about_. （ A） the beginnings of oceanography （ B） the laying of the first undersea cable （ C） the investigation of ocean depths （ D） the early intercontinental communications 15 Astronomers believe that the expanding univers is the result of an enormous and powerful explosion catled the Big Bang
30、. The Big Bang theory may explain how the universe formed. The Big Bang theory states that the universe began to expand with the explosion of concentrated matter and energy and has been expanding ever since. According to the theory, all the matter and energy in the universe was once concentrated int
31、o a single place. This place, of course, was extremely hot and dense. Then some 15 to 20 billion years ago, an explosion - the Big Bang - shot the concentrated matter and energy in all directions. The fastest moving matter traveled farthest away. Energy, too, began moving away from the area of the B
32、ig Bang. If the Big Bang theory is correct, the energy left from the Big Bang will be eventy spread out throughout the universe. This energy is known as background radiation. And indeed, scientists have discovered that the background radiation is almost the same throughout the entire universe. The c
33、onstant background radiation is one observation that supports the Big Bang theory. After the initial Big Bang, the force of gravity began to affect the matter racing outward in every direction. Gravity is a force of attraction between objects. All objects have a gravitational attraction. This force
34、of gravity began to pull matter into clumps. At some time, the clumps forned huge clusters of matter. These clumps became the galaxies of the universe. But even as the galaxies were forning, the matter inside the galaxies continued to race away from the area where the Big Bang had occurred. And this
35、 is just what astronomers have discovered. All of the galaxies are spending away from the center of the universe. 16 What is the passage mainly concerned? （ A） Center of the universe. （ B） Open or closed universe. （ C） The Big Bang theory. （ D） Gravitational attraction. 17 According to the passage,
36、the Big Bang theory is important because it sheds light on the （ A） formation of the galaxies （ B） formation of the universe （ C） formation of the stars （ D） future of the universe 18 What can we know about the Big Bang, according to the passage? （ A） The Big Bang is the explosion of background radi
37、ation. （ B） Whether its theory is correct still needs to be proved. （ C） The Big Bang is the congeries of energy. （ D） The place around the Big Bang is very hot and dense. 19 According to the passage, galaxies were formed because of_. （ A） the expansiion of the universe （ B） the contraction of the u
38、niverse （ C） background radiation （ D） the force of gravity 20 The galaxies kept on moving and even today they are moving in a direction that is_. （ A） towards the center of the universe （ B） away from the center of the universe （ C） towards Earth （ D） away from Earth 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Struc
39、ture (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21 No agreement
40、 was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to_. （ A） the other （ B） any other （ C） another （ D） other 22 There were no tickets_for Fridays performance. （ A） preferable （ B） considerable （ C） possible （ D） available 23 Jack is good, kind , hard -working and intelligent; _; I cant s
41、peak too highly of him. （ A） as a result （ B） in a word （ C） by the way （ D） on the contrary 24 The relationship between employers and employees has been studied_. （ A） originally （ B） extremely （ C） violently （ D） intensively 25 Since the matter was extremely_, we dealt with it immediately. （ A） to
42、ugh （ B） tense （ C） urgent （ D） instant 26 You_come over yourself. You could have given me a ring instead. （ A） neednt have （ B） shouldnt have （ C） cant have （ D） mustnt have 27 If he_, he_that food . （ A） was warned; would not take （ B） had been warned; would not have taken （ C） would be warned; ha
43、d not take （ D） would have been warned; had not taken 28 The picture shows us_ （ A） what does the temple look like （ B） that what the temple looks like （ C） how the temple looks like （ D） what the temple looks like 29 Those were the soldiers_to rescue the trapped miners . （ A） whose was the responsi
44、bility （ B） from whom the responsibility was （ C） whose responsibility was （ D） from who was the responsibility 30 We must speed up, _we dont have much time left . （ A） when （ B） after （ C） while （ D） as 31 It was such a strong earthquake_it caused great damage to this area . （ A） because （ B） as （
45、C） since （ D） that 32 You must hand in your paper on Monday._ you havent finished it . （ A） no matter how （ B） whenever （ C） even if （ D） wherever 33 _that the pilot couldnt fly through it . （ A） The storm so severe was （ B） Such was the storm severe （ C） So the storm was severe （ D） So severe was t
46、he storm 34 E -mail, as well as telephones, an important part in daily communication . （ A） is playing （ B） have played （ C） are playing （ D） play 35 The man is so badly injured that Im afraid he has_. （ A） over （ B） died （ C） been caught （ D） had it 36 He tried to_relations with his former wife but
47、 he failed. . （ A） measure （ B） maintain （ C） shelter （ D） reply 37 _you poor record in school, we think you should study harder. （ A） in view （ B） in charge of （ C） in spite of （ D） in case of 38 Police have_to the public to come forward with any information which might help them in their inquiries
48、 . （ A） urged （ B） claimed （ C） appealed （ D） called 39 After working for twenty hours without any rest, the doctors were_. （ A） exhausted （ B） mounted （ C） wrapped （ D） restored 40 They have been trying to arrive at a practical solution_the problem . （ A） in （ B） to （ C） on （ D） with 41 Carelessnes
49、s made him fall in his job_. （ A） interview （ B） intention （ C） stomach （ D） stocking 42 The speaker_his notes before the lecture. （ A） ran down （ B） ran into （ C） ran out （ D） ran over 43 Dont have him for a friend. Hes _ a criminal . （ A） anything but （ B） but for （ C） rather than （ D） nothing but 44 Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is_loud c
